Apply organic fertilizer first half a month before planting, and plow deeply and rake flat. The first ten days of September (autumnal equinox) to the first ten days of 10 (cold dew) are suitable for planting, and pits can be dug at a fixed point according to the row spacing of 80 cm; You can also build a frame with a width of 60 cm and a ridge width of 20, and plant flowers at a fixed point in the middle according to the distance of 80 cm. Planting per mu 1000 plants. For ornamental purposes, appropriately increase the spacing between plants. According to the size of the wood, a hole with a width of 20-50 cm square and a depth of 40 cm is planed. When planting ornamental seedlings, flower buds can be reserved appropriately, and when planting ramets, axillary buds or soil buds at the base can be reserved, and the upper branches can be cut off. Before planting, soak the seedlings with 500 times carbendazim or Ralstonia solanacearum solution for half an hour, gently lift the seedlings up, slightly shake them left and right, then fill in the soil and tamp them with wooden sticks. The planting depth is 2-3 cm deeper than the ground. Too shallow is not conducive to rooting and survival, too deep is not prosperous after survival. When the soil is dry, water it immediately after planting, and seal the mound after water seeps out to protect the seedlings from overwintering. In the early spring of the following year, with the loosening of the soil, half of the mound was scraped off and allowed to grow naturally and unearthed. In order to control underground diseases and insect pests, phoxim insecticide, carbendazim, Rhizoctonia solani and other fungicides can be combined with planting and application.
Third, fertilization, loosening soil and watering
Fertilization generally begins in the second year after planting and is applied three times a year. The first time is 15- 20 days before flowering, the second time is half a month after flowering, and the third time is before freezing after autumn. The main types of fertilizers are compost, manure, bean cake, oil residue and other decomposed organic fertilizers. And compound fertilizer. Methods The method is universal in the whole garden or applied in plants. When fertilizing, spread it evenly on the ground first. Generally, five or six kilograms of compost or about three hundred kilograms of cake fertilizer are applied per mu, and then the soil is loosened with a hoe. Plant fertilization is to spread fertilizer around plants and then loosen the soil; Or open a hole with a depth of 10- 12 cm at the peony 20-30 cm on both sides, and apply the rotten bean cake or oil residue. 3-4-year-old peony plants should be applied 2-3 times, and the soil should be restored after application.
Loosening soil and weeding: generally two or three times before flowering and once or twice a month after flowering. After the rain, when the soil is slightly dry, hoe the soil. The depth of hoeing is 5- 10 cm, which is easy to damage the root system. In order to preserve soil moisture, deep hoeing and shallow hoeing should be used to drain water.
Heze peony planting area is generally not watered, mainly because the diving is alkaline, and the soil is easy to salinize after irrigation, which is not good for peony growth. When it is dry in spring, pay attention to loosening the soil to conserve moisture. If there are watering conditions, watering can be combined with each fertilization. In case of drought, water it as appropriate. Peony land is the most taboo for water accumulation, especially in summer. Drainage should be done in time after heavy rain, otherwise the roots will rot and die easily.
4. Pruning, bud taking and bud picking:
Pruning, also known as holding buds with fixed branches, aims to balance the growth of aboveground and underground parts by removing redundant branches and waste buds, and concentrate nutrients for flowering and rooting, so as to maintain a certain plant shape and branches. Fixed stock is to determine the number, high and low position and distribution direction of branches according to the purpose. Raise more for breeding and less for viewing, with 5-8 of them. Taking buds is to peel useless buds from roots and branches. Peony can grow in the first year after planting. From late March (vernal equinox) to early April of the following year (Qingming), select 5-8 branches with vigorous growth and uniform distribution, and cut off all the other branches. When the rhizosphere soil is removed, all sprouted new branches and buds are removed from the base, except that there are not enough branches left, which need to be reserved and supplemented.
In order to concentrate nutrition for flowering and promote robust growth, seedlings planted every year keep 1-2 flowers and remove redundant buds. If the growth is weak, the flower seedlings can be picked. Medicinal cultivation can remove buds and promote root growth in early spring.
Five, pest control:
The main pest of peony is leaf spot. From mid-May, spray 200 times bordeaux mixture or 500-600 times carbendazim every 15-20 days. Cleaning the fields after autumn, cutting off dead leaves and picking them up for centralized burning can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases in the coming year. The main pests are underground pests such as longicorn beetles and grubs. Anoplophora glabripennis overwinters in its roots as larvae. In May and June, 2-3 small holes with a depth of 20 cm can be drilled in the soil near the root of Paeonia suffruticosa with a thin iron bar (on both sides of the plant or triangular), and an aluminum phosphide is placed in each hole, and then the holes are covered and fumigated. To control grubs, poison bait can be applied in planting holes, or the roots can be watered with 2000 times phoxim solution to kill them.
Most peony varieties in Heze are deeply rooted and leafy, which are suitable for open planting. If you want to pot, you should first pay attention to varieties with smaller plant type, shallower root system and more fibrous roots. Pot soil should be cultivated with loose and fertile soil, and the bottom of the pot should be paved with pebbles with a drainage layer 3-5 cm thick. Potted peony is permeable once after planting, and then watered according to the dry and wet conditions. Appropriate shade should be provided in summer. Pour the basin in rainy days to prevent water accumulation. Bury the basin in the ground or put it in the cellar for the winter. Other management can refer to field cultivation.