Population: about 200,000
Population density: 191 people/km2
Zhouning, also known as Zhouning County, is located in the mountainous area of ??northeastern Fujian Province, bordering Fu'an to the east. It borders Zhenghe to the west, Shouning to the north, Ningde to the southeast, and Pingnan to the southwest across a stream. The total land area is 1,046 square kilometers. The Xiao (ancient town) Pu (city) highway runs across the county and is the throat from eastern Fujian to northern Fujian. Zhouning County was formerly known as "Zhoudun".
Zhouning is located at the eastern foot of the Jiufeng Mountains, with the terrain sloping from northwest to southeast. The territory has undulating peaks, steep mountains, deep valleys, and intricate ravines. The highest peak, Longgangtou, is 1,506 meters above sea level. The lowest point, Street Pavilion, is 65 meters above sea level. There are 282 peaks over 1,000 meters above sea level. The county seat is 880 meters above sea level, ranking first in the province. There are 18 main streams in the territory, and the largest Longting River has a length of 56 kilometers. There are three types of landforms: middle mountains, low mountains, and hills. Middle mountains account for 61% of the county's land area and are timber forests, single-crop rice, animal husbandry, and tea areas; low mountains account for 26.7% and are water conservation forests, grain, and tea areas; hilly areas Accounting for 12.3%, it is a double-cropping rice and major cash crop area.
The territory is rich in resources. There are crisscrossing streams, a well-developed water system, and a large natural gap. More than 370,000 kilowatts of hydropower resources can be developed and utilized. Zhouning had silver and iron mining in its history, and now has 16 proven mineral deposits, including alum, kaolin, rare earth, perlite, etc., which are rich in reserves and rich in mining value. Zhouning has a mid-subtropical monsoon mountain climate, with long winters and short summers, abundant rainfall, a frost-free period of 207 days, a large altitude difference, and a distinct three-dimensional climate. The annual average temperature is 14.6~19℃, and the average annual rainfall is 1693 mm. There is no scorching heat in the summer in the county. The average temperature in midsummer is only 24°C. The climate is cool and pleasant, and it is known as the "natural air-conditioned city". Tourist attractions with different styles not far from the county seat include the majestic Jiulong Waterfalls, which was listed as one of the first ten scenic spots in Fujian Province and is the "No. 1 Wonderful Waterfall in Fujian"; the Carp Creek where mermaids enjoy themselves together , unique interest; the natural cave of Dishuiyan, a famous historical site, and the artificial lake in front of the cave complement each other. Zhouning originally belonged to Ningde County. In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), Zhoudun Special Zone was established and was directly under the jurisdiction of Fujian Provincial Government. In August 34th year of the Republic of China, Zhouning County was established. Lion City is the seat of the county seat. It is located on the bank of Dongyang River in the middle of the county, 238 kilometers away from the provincial capital Fuzhou. It is the political, economic and cultural center of the county. In 1988, the county governed 1 town, 8 townships, and 140 administrative villages, with a total population of 156,498 people, of which the agricultural population accounted for 92.3%. The Han nationality accounts for 99% of the territory, and the minority ethnic group is mainly the She nationality.
The people of Zhouning have a glorious tradition of revolutionary struggle. Since the 1930s, the people of Zhouning have successively participated in the revolutionary struggle led by Ye Fei, Ruan Yingping, Fan Shiren, Zuo Fengmei, Zhan Rubai and other leaders of the Communist Party of China's East Fujian Special Committee in Zhouning, and opened up a revolutionary base in East Fujian. In the spring of 1933, the Soviet government was established in Chunchiban Village. In late October 1934, after Ye Fei led the Eastern Fujian Independent Division of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army to capture Xiancun, the Eastern Fujian Red Army's Independent Division and the 11th Detachment of the Eastern Fujian Workers' and Peasants' Guerrilla Detachment liberated Zhoudun with the cooperation of more than a thousand revolutionary masses in Zhoudun City. City, the Zhoudun Soviet government was established. In March 1935, the first rural branch of the Communist Party of China was established in Xidi. In April, the Zhoudun County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established. In August, the Zhoudun Central County Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was established. From then on, the storm of people's revolutionary struggle swept across Zhouning. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, 151 local armed commanders and members of some revolutionary groups in the county accompanied the army to the north to fight against Japan. Later, the East Fujian Special Committee moved to Hengkeng, Zhouning, and continued to lead the people of East Fujian to persist in the revolutionary struggle. During the War of Liberation, the people of Zhouning persisted in fighting without fear of violence. In March 1948, the Ningde Working Committee of the Urban Work Department of the Communist Party of China, Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi Provincial Committee was established in Xiancun. In February 1949, the Zhouning Working Committee was established. In June, the fifth detachment of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Guerrilla Column and the fourth detachment of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Guerrilla Column were reorganized into the Eastern Fujian People's Guerrillas, urging the county magistrate Huang Yi to lead an uprising on June 28, and Zhouning County was peacefully liberated. The people of Zhouning have won the praise of "the revolutionary struggle continues and the red flag never falls."
In the long-term revolutionary struggle, the people of Zhouning fought bravely and made important contributions to the revolution. More than 1,800 outstanding sons and daughters of Zhou Ning, including Ling Fushun and Zhang Huashan, wrote a glorious chapter for the liberation of the Chinese nation and people.
During the Republic of China, Zhouning was poor and backward, with low production levels. Crops were harvested only once a year. They work hard, but it’s hard to have enough food to fill their stomachs, and it’s hard to wear enough clothes to keep out the cold. There are only iron-making, pot-casting, ceramics, tea and other handicraft workshops and scattered individual handicraft industries in the territory. Historically, commercial trade was underdeveloped, with only more than 270 small shops in villages (towns), and the economy was in decline. Thousands of people leave their hometowns all year round to make a living in northern Fujian by making pots, burning charcoal, and logging wood.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the leadership of the Zhouning County Party Committee and the County People's Government of the Communist Party of China, the people of the county relied on their own efforts and worked hard. Zhouning's socialist revolution and socialist construction have made great achievements, but there are also some Mistakes and setbacks. From June 28, 1949 to March 1953, the county carried out rent reduction, anti-hegemony and bandit suppression, carried out land reform, abolished feudal private ownership of land, consolidated the new people's political power, stabilized social order, and the national economy recovered rapidly.
During the implementation of the First Five-Year Plan from 1953 to 1957 (referred to as the "First Five-Year Plan", and so on below), the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicrafts and capitalist industry and commerce was completed, production developed rapidly, and the total industrial and agricultural output value (based on 1980 constant prices Calculated, the same below) the average annual increase is 11.79%. In 1957, the total agricultural output value increased by 1.44 times compared with 1949, and the industrial output increased by 4.95 times. During the "Second Five-Year Plan" period from 1958 to 1962, during the "Great Leap Forward" and the people's commune movement, production declined year after year due to the influence of exaggeration, "communist style" and blind command. The average annual total industrial and agricultural output value Decrease by 7.68%. In 1961, total grain output decreased by 9,892 tons, or 40.1%, compared with 1957. During the economic adjustment period from 1963 to 1965, the policy of “adjustment, consolidation, enrichment, and improvement” was implemented, and the total industrial and agricultural output value increased by an average annual rate of 7.07%. It was not until 1966 that industrial and agricultural production returned to levels close to 1957. During the "Third Five-Year Plan" and "Fourth Five-Year Plan" from 1966 to 1975, during the "Cultural Revolution", the broad masses of cadres and the masses worked hard to eliminate "Left" interference and made difficult progress. The total industrial and agricultural output value increased by 7.22% annually. During the "Fifth Five-Year Plan" period from 1976 to 1980, the "Cultural Revolution" ended, especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, things were brought to order and long-term "Left" mistakes were corrected. The county shifted to economic construction. As the center, we vigorously promoted rural economic reform, the national economy developed steadily, and the total industrial and agricultural output value increased by an average of 9.66% annually. During the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" and the first three years of the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" from 1981 to 1988, reform and opening up were implemented. The household contract responsibility system was implemented in rural areas, the rural industrial structure was adjusted, and the commodity economy was developed; industrial enterprises implemented contracting and leasing. various forms of business responsibility systems to enhance the vitality of enterprises. The county people's government has established "windows" for doing business and running enterprises in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other open cities to promote external introduction and internal cooperation, accelerate the pace of reform and opening up, promote the sustainable development of production, and The county's total industrial and agricultural output value increased by an average annual rate of 8.53%. In 1988, the total industrial and agricultural output value increased 11.3 times compared with 1949 and 1.36 times compared with 1978. County fiscal revenue increased 1.26 times compared with 1980. The total social output value increased 13.4 times compared with 1949. National income increased 8.5 times compared with 1949. The national economy has gradually transformed from a self-sufficient and semi-self-sufficient natural economy to a socialist commodity economy.
Zhouning has always been dominated by agriculture, and its long-term traffic congestion has hindered economic development. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Party and the People's Government increased agricultural investment year by year and strengthened the construction of transportation, hydropower, water conservancy and other infrastructure. In 1975, all communes (townships) in the county were connected to roads; in 1982, the county Longxi Hydropower Station with an installed capacity of 10,000 kilowatts was completed and put into operation; in 1988, automatic telephone calls in the city and semi-automatic long-distance calls and rural telephone calls were realized to develop the mountainous economy. Provide favorable conditions. Agricultural production has been developing year by year, especially after the comprehensive promotion of hybrid rice and the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, production has continued to increase. In 1988, the county's total grain output was 3.9 times that of 1949, and the yield per unit area increased from 82 kilograms in 1949 to 301 kilograms. Agricultural production developed from single operation to diversified operation, and initially established four industries: forestry, tea, fruit and animal husbandry. a commodity base. The county's forest coverage rate reaches 45.5%, slightly higher than the provincial average. Tea is Zhou Ning's bulk commodity and is famous for its high quality, mellow taste, fragrance and durability. The real estate day lily is of excellent quality and is called "Zhouning flower" by the provincial supply and marketing cooperative. The output of poultry, konjac, potatoes, fruits, freshwater fish, etc. has doubled. Township enterprises have developed rapidly and become an important pillar of the rural economy.
In July 2020, the Ministry of Commerce announced the list of comprehensive demonstration counties for e-commerce in rural areas in 2020, and Zhouning County was selected.
On February 13, 2020, Zhouning County was identified as the 2019 national “Safe Agricultural Machinery” demonstration county.
On February 21, 2017, Zhouning County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in the country in 2016.