The speech of the ancient poem "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" is 1. First, teaching materials.
First, the position and function of this course:
"Tianjingsha Qiu Si" belongs to the second unit of the second volume of the eighth grade of the Chinese version, reading and appreciating the contents of three poems. After studying Qiu Si on a Clear Sand by Ma Zhiyuan, an essayist in Yuan Dynasty, I realized the loneliness and sadness of a wandering wanderer, the exquisite brushwork of blending scenes and scenes, and the profoundness of China culture. It's really a great harvest! Educate students to read modern ancient books and write gorgeous chapters in their later years. Be a young gentleman and compete with the times!
The second point is the teaching objectives and difficulties.
(1) Teaching objectives
(1) The meaning of each sentence.
② The theme of the song.
(2) Key points:
Read the song aloud.
Understand the thoughts and feelings expressed in this song and appreciate the artistic conception.
(3) Difficulties: Understand the thoughts and feelings expressed in this song and appreciate the artistic conception.
Second, the analysis of learning situation
The students in our class have poor Chinese foundation.
② The concepts, ways and methods of learning Chinese are relatively backward.
③ The ability to learn Chinese is weak, and the Chinese literacy is low.
Third, oral teaching methods
Classical poetry and prose are perfect works of art created by poets and poets in China. It has beautiful language, pure and beautiful image, sincere feelings, pan-American colored paintings and so on, which is incomparable to any other art. Ma Zhiyuan's poem "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" is a masterpiece with high artistic achievements. Teaching this kind of Sanqu should first arouse students' initiative in learning. So that students can not only master the basic skills in a down-to-earth manner, but also improve students' interest, so that students can be infected as if they were there. So the main teaching method I use is infiltration teaching method. That is to say, the beauty of music is permeated in reading, and the beauty of painting is permeated in artistic conception, thus guiding students to use their brains to write, stimulating profound creative thinking and subtly enlightening artistic inspiration in aesthetic enjoyment.
Fourth, the methods of speaking and learning
Classical Chinese and modern Chinese come down in one continuous line, with the same origin and different currents. It is not difficult to learn, so we should establish confidence. The key to learning classical Chinese well is to cultivate a sense of language. There are "three essentials" to cultivate a sense of language:
(1) Familiar with reciting texts, familiar with the expressions and language habits of classical Chinese;
(2) Understand attentively and integrate "words" with "meaning".
(3) actively accumulate vocabulary.
Five, said the teaching process design
(A) the introduction of new courses
Ancient poetry is a treasure in the cultural corridor of China, and the development of poetry reached its peak in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The Tang Dynasty is the most prosperous era of poetry, and the Ci in the Song Dynasty is also quite prosperous. We learned a lot of Tang poetry and Song poetry. So, what is an art form after Tang poetry and Song poetry?
After the students answered, the teacher pointed out: Yuanqu. So, what kind of art form is Yuanqu? Next, let's learn one of the "Four Masters of Yuanqu": Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si.
(B) new curriculum teaching
1, blackboard title: Tianjingsha Qiu Si-(Ma Zhiyuan)
2, the author's brief introduction and related information:
The teacher introduced the relevant contents to let the students know that Ma Zhiyuan was one of the "four great poets in Yuan Dynasty" and one of the writers with the most Sanqu in the early Yuan Dynasty. Zaju is represented by autumn colors in Han Palace, and Sanqu is Dongli Yuefu. Yuanqu is an art form that rose after Tang poetry and Song poetry, including zaju and Sanqu. Zaju is a drama. Sanqu includes Xiao Ling and San Tao. Tianjingsha Qiu Si is a poem in Sanqu.
3. Be familiar with reading
"I can't get tired of reading articles." When teaching this song, I take reading as the starting point, intensive reading, discussing and understanding on the basis of reading, deepening understanding and excavating aesthetic factors.
First, the teacher demonstrates reading. "Demonstration reading" means "demonstration reading". Teachers' demonstration reading is effective and will inevitably stimulate students' interest in learning. In the reading of model essays, students are interested, interested in reading and thinking while reading.
At the same time, "model essay reading" itself is "teaching students rules" and can guide students to read in detail. After reading, Fan will find out the students who read better. Successful model reading can turn words into sounds, make students feel immersive, thus resonate with the author, and then understand the ideological content of this song and the author's feelings; Then, let the students read more and recite more by themselves, while reading the teacher's guidance and savoring the artistic conception in the reading guidance. Repeated reading in this way not only cultivates students' sense of language, but also enables students to understand its connotation and rich feelings.
Xiao Ling is a song. The poem "Qiu Si" pays attention to rhyme and is catchy to read. It has a "folk song color" and a sense of rhythm.
What rhymes with "Qiu Si"? Which words rhyme?
Among them, "crow", "home", "horse", "summer", "elegance" rhymes with "a" Harmony is beautiful, but the tone is very low, and often a song with a very low tone is easy to arouse people's thoughts. Qiu Si strongly exaggerates the sad atmosphere, showing the melancholy of a person who has been wandering in a foreign land for a long time, and directly expressing the author's thoughts. In addition, it pays attention to the refinement of words and strict rules. Only five sentences and 28 words vividly show the loneliness of a wandering wanderer. Therefore, a variety of reading methods are adopted in teaching, teaching students how to read vividly, encouraging students to enhance their sense of language from reading aloud to reciting, truly realizing the artistic conception of "small bridge flowing water" and learning to appreciate the beauty of music. This penetrating teaching method is better than simply explaining the meaning of words. Students like learning and are easy to accept.
Step 4 know
Understanding is to understand the meaning of poetry that is not clearly expressed. Because the language of classical poetry is jumping, and the poet has a tradition of meticulous writing, it is necessary to read through the whole text, connect the preceding and following sentences, and combine the background of the poet's time to supplement the jumping gap between sentences with his own life experience and reasonable imagination. Grasp the basic content of the article as a whole and understand the main idea of the article, so as to grasp the key words, discuss the feelings and realize the expressive force of those key words.
Taste the artistic charm of the article and achieve certain reference and benefit. Poets of past dynasties paid attention to the integration of "meaning" and "scenery", which constituted the artistic conception. It means the thoughts and feelings expressed by the poet, that is, feelings, and "environment" is the scenery described in the poem, that is, two environments; "Meaning" and "environment", "emotion" and "environment" are organically combined and harmoniously unified to form an artistic realm.
What picture does the poem Qiu Si describe? What kind of thoughts and feelings does it show the author?
It depicts a wonderful night scene in late autumn, and truly shows the loneliness and sadness of people who have fallen to the end of the world. Although depressed, it has certain social significance, so there are paintings in the environment. I guide students to use their imagination, and imagine painting in the environment with emotion, which will generate interest. Then follow the temptation to ask questions: How many scenes are written in the first few sentences of this poem? Are these scenes real or virtual? What kind of mood does it show the poet? How is it expressed?
After the discussion by the students, I summed it up in time: Xiaoling wrote nine scenes in the first three sentences with only the word 18: (on the blackboard): "rattan, tree, crow, bridge, water, home, road, wind and horse", and a modifier was used in front of each scene, such as "withered and old" At this point, the real scene expresses the loneliness of the wanderer. (blackboard writing): Real scene. This feeling is expressed through autumn scenery's eyes, and autumn is the medium of this feeling.
The gloomy scenery of "withered vines", "old trees" and "dark crows" reflects the poet's deep and desolate state of mind, which just affects the wanderer's homesickness. The third sentence "Old Road West Wind Thin Horse" is just the name of the scenery, but these three words are infectious: "Old Road" is desolate and lonely, "West Wind" is bleak and sad, and "Thin Horse" is tired and weak, so it is no longer just writing about the scenery. The word "thin horse" should also include people riding horses here, which is the main part. "Sunset" is written at the time, "heartbroken people are at the end of the world", which is clearly written for wanderers and is also their mood. Autumn is easy to make a wanderer feel sad, especially in the bleak twilight, riding a tired thin horse alone to a distant land, thinking about the people in his hometown and looking forward to the long road ahead, which touched his feelings and caused long sadness. At this time, it is natural to guide students to love their hometown and motherland.
Then I will continue to extend students' imagination and thinking into the late autumn, reminding students to closely connect tangible and sensible things with obvious late autumn colors and intangible sadness. So the students' interest sublimated and they felt vivid and concrete with tangible expressions. Finally, they were asked to draw a picture of Qiu Si by themselves. This shows that the beauty of painting in poetry has a subtle influence on students, especially those with this hobby. They turn words into pictures and become more concrete images through imagination.
Step 5 write
In reading, discussing and feeling, students often collide with sparks of thought. In a person's quiet thinking, he can have deep feelings. After thinking, he can combine his personal experience with the text, deepen his influence and form a rational understanding. Therefore, after students realized Qiu Si's artistic conception, I asked them to imitate, boldly rewrite and inspire artistic inspiration. Through this kind of training, we can internalize the perceived implicit beauty into our own emotional experience, become concrete and sensible or rise to an ideological height.
6. Summary
The poem "Qiu Si" is not only outstanding in artistic conception, but also contains comprehensive arts such as the beauty of music and painting. We have studied this poem, from which we have been influenced by all kinds of beauty. It is a masterpiece with high artistic achievements and the essence of China culture. So read more excellent poems and get all kinds of training.
7. Homework
Recite this poem.
The ancient poem "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" said that the second draft was reviewed by the teacher:
Hello, I'm candidate No.1, and the content of my speech today is Tianjin Sha Qiu Si. I will give my lecture from the aspects of teaching material analysis, academic situation analysis, teaching objectives and difficulties.
First of all, talk about textbooks.
First of all, let me talk about the textbook. This song "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" belongs to the learning content of the third unit of the first volume of the seventh grade of junior high school Chinese. This unit mainly focuses on writing landscape poems, and this Yuanqu belongs to a work that blends feelings with scenery and expresses feelings through scenery, which is rare in classical poems. It is a masterpiece that vividly shows the sadness of a wandering wanderer for a long time in just 28 words. Guiding students to appreciate this excellent work can obviously help students improve their language level.
Second, talk about learning.
Students' existing knowledge structure and cognitive level are the basis and starting point of teachers' teaching. The seventh-grade students I am facing are at an important stage of developing independent thinking. Their initiative and curiosity have been greatly improved. They no longer like to passively accept knowledge, but have initially acquired the ability of autonomy, cooperation and inquiry learning. At the same time, through previous studies, they can easily get a sense of joy and accomplishment in learning poetry from reading aloud, but their mastery of the writing techniques of ancient poetry and prose, which are mixed with scenes and lyrical by borrowing scenery, is not in place, so they cannot understand the poet's feelings well. So in this process, they need.
Third, talk about teaching objectives.
According to the new curriculum standards, combined with the unit requirements and the characteristics of this course, I have set the following teaching objectives: in terms of knowledge and ability, students can read and recite Tianjingsha Qiu Si; Can understand the images described and the thoughts and feelings expressed in Tianjingsha Qiu Si. In the process and method, through the understanding of scenery description, we can train the thinking quality of imagination and association and cultivate creative thinking. In terms of emotional attitude and values, students can form an emotional closeness that loves their hometown.
Fourth, talk about the difficulties in teaching.
Based on the teaching objectives, and on the basis of thoroughly understanding the teaching materials, I have determined that the teaching focus of this class is to read aloud this song and understand the artistic conception of this poem, and the difficulty is to understand the thoughts and feelings expressed by this song.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) oral teaching method and learning method
The guiding ideology in the new curriculum teaching is to give students the initiative in learning and advocate the learning mode of "autonomy, cooperation and inquiry". Based on this, I will guide students to adopt the methods of creating situational method, question and answer, reading aloud and group discussion.
First of all, I will introduce a new classroom by creating a situation and playing a model to read aloud audio, so as to bring students into the gloomy and sad atmosphere of this poem, so that students can have a preliminary grasp of the emotional tone of this poem and at the same time have a desire to explore; Then through several progressive questions and three readings of extensive reading, intensive reading and quality reading, the image of this poem is analyzed, and finally the students are guided to understand the poet's feelings through group discussion.
Sixth, talk about the teaching process.
Next is the last aspect and the most important part of my lecture, the design of teaching process. About this lesson, I will achieve my teaching goal through five steps, step by step.
(1) First of all, I will create situations and introduce new lessons to stimulate students' learning enthusiasm, curiosity and inquiry psychology.
In this session, I will play the audio of the yuan song "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" to bring students into the situation, and then ask, "Students, how do you feel after listening to this yuan song?" Based on the analysis of my academic situation, my students already have certain emotional cognitive ability. I assumed in advance that my students might say "very sad, very sad, very sad, very sad", and then I went on to ask "where did this sadness come from and why did the poet feel sad? With this question, let's learn today's new lesson together. At this time, I will write the title on the blackboard: Tianjingsha Qiu Si (Ma Zhiyuan).
(2) Secondly, I guide students to perceive the text as a whole, which is the premise of appreciating the article. Through preliminary reading, students can initially understand the basic content to be studied and understand the general idea and ideological intention of the article. After that, I will introduce the background of the poet and the background knowledge of Yuanqu, and guide students to initially perceive this art form of Yuanqu.
Let me introduce the author to the students first: "Ma Zhiyuan,No. Dongli, was born in Dadu (now Beijing) and was a famous essayist in Yuan Dynasty. He used to be an official in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and soon jumped out of his official career and retired to the countryside, writing many "sighing" works. At the same time, master the literary knowledge of Guan Hanqing, Wang Shifu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan, the four masters of Yuan Zaju. Then it introduces Yuanqu, "Yuanqu is an art form that rose after Tang poetry and Song poetry, including zaju and Sanqu. Zaju is a drama. Sanqu includes Xiao Ling and San Tao. Tianjingsha Qiu Si is a poem in Sanqu.
After the introduction, lead the students to read the whole class together and get a preliminary impression.
(3) The teaching of ancient poetry is to "read it a hundred times to see its meaning". The third part of in-depth study, I guide students to intensive reading, take "reading" as the main line, let students feel in reading, cultivate students' self-reading and since the enlightenment ability, and create a sense of picture at the same time.
On the basis of my initial perception just now, guide students to pay attention to the nine kinds of scenery covered by the first 18 words in the play, namely rattan, tree, crow, bridge, water, home, road, wind and horse (writing on the blackboard at the same time). And pay attention to these modifiers and experience their rich rendering power and accuracy. Then guide students to pay attention to the writing method of scene blending. The first three lines are all landscapes, not to mention the lyric hero, but every detail of the landscape means his existence-"dead vine", "old tree", "faint crow", "small bridge", "running water" and "people" are all seen by him; The "ancient road" is his home; He rode the "thin horse"; And the "west wind" is blowing on him.
Secondly, the author drew such a vivid picture, without exaggeration or allusions, which created a sense of picture for students: an autumn dusk, on a desolate ancient road, the west wind was blowing hard and the leaves were flying; On the roadside, on the old tree wrapped with dead vines, birds have returned to their nests and crowed from time to time; Not far away, people are preparing dinner and cooking cigarettes in a sparse bungalow next to a small bridge and flowing water. At this time, I was riding a thin horse and marching slowly on the ancient road alone. I don't know where I can stay as a stranger. Thought of here, I can't help but feel sad and deeply grieved.
Secondly, in the part of in-depth study, I will ask "what kind of thoughts and feelings this poem reflects, and which key poem can it be reflected from" to guide students to discuss in groups and get the answer.
Timely inspiration and summary: The author's feelings can be seen from The Heartbroken Man is in the End of the World. The author was heartbroken because he missed his hometown. At dusk, the crow returns to its nest, but the wanderer is far away. He can't help missing his hometown. Others have a home and enjoy the warmth, but he can't go home. The feeling of sadness and homesickness is self-evident.
(4) In order to extend Chinese learning from in-class to out-of-class and improve students' reading ability, I also extended it in the fourth part.
"I can't get tired of reading articles." When teaching this song, I take reading as the starting point, extensive reading, intensive reading and reading. On the basis of reading, discuss feelings, deepen understanding and explore aesthetic factors. I will let students discuss how to read more rhythmically and emotionally. After the discussion, I will play audio to lead the students to summarize the dead vine/old tree/dark crow, small bridge/running water/family, ancient road/west wind/thin horse. Sunset/sunset, heartbroken/in/the rhythm of the world.
(5) At the end of the class, I will guide the students to summarize this class in the form of summarizing me. Finally, I will assign homework and ask students to read this poem aloud and recite it emotionally, so as to realize its comprehensive art including the beauty of music and painting.
(6) Blackboard design, my blackboard design, which is displayed on the blackboard now, is concise and to the point, highlighting the key points, which can help my teaching go smoothly.