information management

Information management is a computer technology based on database management system, which helps managers improve their decision-making level and business strategy. Information processing includes a series of work such as data collection, storage, processing, classification, collation, retrieval and release. Information processing has become the main task of modern computers. It is the foundation of modern management. According to statistics, more than 80% of computers are mainly used for information management, and information management has become the dominant direction of computer application. Information management has been widely used in office automation, enterprise computer-aided management and decision-making, information retrieval, library, film and television animation design, accounting computerization and other industries.

The application of computer has penetrated into all fields of society, changed the traditional way of working, studying and living, and promoted the scientific calculation of society.

Scientific calculation is the earliest application field of computer, which refers to the use of computers to complete numerical calculation problems raised in scientific research and engineering technology. In the work of modern science and technology, the task of scientific calculation is huge and complicated. Using the computer's high computing speed, large storage capacity and continuous computing ability, we can solve various scientific computing problems that can't be completed manually. Such as engineering design, earthquake prediction, weather forecast, rocket launch, etc. Requires computers to perform huge and complex calculations.

process control

Process control is to collect and analyze data in real time by computer, and quickly adjust or control the controlled object according to the optimal value. Using computer to control the process can not only greatly improve the automation level of control, but also improve the timeliness and accuracy of control, thus improving working conditions and increasing output and qualified rate. Therefore, computer process control has been widely used in machinery, metallurgy, petroleum, chemical industry, electric power and other departments.

Auxiliary technology

Computer-aided technology includes CAD, CAM and CAI.

1, computer-aided design

Computer-aided design is a technology that uses computer system to assist designers in engineering or product design, so as to achieve the best design effect. CAD technology has been applied to aircraft design, ship design, architectural design, mechanical design, large-scale integrated circuit design and so on. Using computer-aided design can shorten the design time, improve work efficiency, save manpower, material resources and financial resources, and more importantly, improve the design quality.

2. Computer aided manufacturing

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is the process of controlling products through computer system. The input information is the process route and engineering content of the parts, and the output information is the tool path. Integrating CAD and CAM technology can realize the automation of design product production, which is called computer integrated manufacturing system. Some countries integrate CAD, computer-aided manufacturing, computer-aided testing and computer-aided engineering into an integrated system, and organically combine design, manufacturing, testing and management to form a highly automated system, thus producing automated production lines and "unmanned factories".

3. Computer-assisted instruction.

Computer-aided instruction is the use of computer systems for classroom teaching. Teaching courseware can be made by PowerPoint or Flash. CAI can not only reduce the burden on teachers, but also make the teaching content vivid. It can dynamically demonstrate the experimental principle or operation process, stimulate students' interest in learning, improve teaching quality, and provide an effective method for cultivating modern high-quality talents.

translate

From 65438 to 0947, American mathematician and engineer Warren Weaver and British physicist and engineer Andrew Booth put forward the idea of computer-based translation (hereinafter referred to as "machine translation"). Since then, machine translation has stepped onto the historical stage and gone through a tortuous and long road of development. Machine translation is listed as one of the top ten scientific and technological problems in the world in 2 1 century. At the same time, machine translation technology also has a huge application demand.

Machine translation eliminates the barriers between different languages and is a high-tech move that benefits mankind. However, the translation quality of machine translation has been a problem for a long time, and there is still a big gap from the ideal goal. Professor Zhou Haizhong, a mathematician and linguist in China, believes that machine translation cannot reach the level of "faithfulness and elegance" until human beings understand how the brain makes fuzzy recognition and logical judgment on language. I'm afraid this view just illustrates the bottleneck that restricts the quality of translation.

Multimedia application

With the development of electronic technology, especially communication and computer technology, people have been able to combine various media such as text, audio, video, animation, graphics and images to form a brand-new concept-"multimedia". In the fields of medical treatment, education, commerce, banking, insurance, administration, military affairs, industry, broadcasting, communication and publishing, the application of multimedia has developed rapidly.

computer network

Computer network is a system composed of some independent computers with information exchange ability, so as to realize resource sharing. The application of computer in the network makes the communication between human beings cross the barriers of time and space. Computer network has become the material basis for human beings to build an information society, which has brought great convenience and speed to our work, such as the use of bank credit cards nationwide, the use of train and plane ticket systems, and so on. You can browse, retrieve information, send and receive e-mails, read books and newspapers, play online games, buy goods, participate in discussions on many issues and realize telemedicine services.

Computer, commonly known as computer, is an electronic computer for high-speed calculation, which can be used for numerical calculation, logical calculation and memory storage. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can run according to the program and automatically process massive data at high speed. It consists of hardware system and software system, and a computer without any software is called bare metal. It can be divided into five categories: supercomputer, industrial control computer, network computer, personal computer and embedded computer. More advanced computers include biological computers, photonic computers and quantum computers.

John von neumann, the inventor of the computer. Computer is one of the most advanced scientific and technological inventions in the 20th century, which has had an extremely important impact on human production and social activities, and has developed rapidly with strong vitality. Its application field has expanded from the initial military scientific research application to all fields of society, forming a huge computer industry, promoting global technological progress and triggering profound social changes. Computers have spread all over ordinary schools, enterprises and institutions, entered the homes of ordinary people and become an indispensable tool in the information society.

The application of computers is becoming more and more common in China. After the reform and opening up, the number of computer users in China has been increasing, and the application level has been improving, especially in the fields of Internet, communication and multimedia. From 1996 to 2009, the number of computer users increased from 6.3 million to 6,765,438+million, and the number of networked computers increased from 29,000 to 59.4 million. The number of netizens has reached 3160,000, and there are 670 million mobile users of wireless Internet, among which the number of mobile Internet users has reached1.170,000, ranking first in the world.