1. Dialect: The dialects of more than 0/00 counties and cities in Shandong belong to the Mandarin area, and the differentiation law of ancient voiced initials and present voiced initials in different places.
2. Religion: Buddhism and Taoism have a history of more than 1000 years in Shandong, and Islam developed mainly after Hui Muslims moved to Shandong in the13rd century.
3. Diet: Shandong cuisine is an important part of China's food culture and one of the eight major cuisines in China. It is famous at home and abroad for its freshness, saltiness, crispness, tenderness, unique flavor and fine production.
4. Quyi: After the formation of Song Zaju, it also spread to Shandong. At the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Zaju, a traditional opera form sung with northern songs, emerged, and Shandong was one of the main popular areas.
5. Regional culture: Qilu culture is a regional culture formed and developed in Shandong in the pre-Qin period, including Taoist culture, military culture, Legalist culture, Mohist culture, yin and yang, vertical and horizontal, witchcraft, punishment, fame, agriculture, medicine and so on. Its core is Confucian culture.