1932 10 At the meeting of the C.O. of the Soviet area of the Communist Party of China held in Ningdu, Jiangxi, Mao Zedong was hit by the "Left" wrong leadership and was dismissed as the general political commissar of the Red Army. He is only the Soviet chairman of the central interim government and went to Changting to recuperate. At that time, Mao Zedong lived in Tingzhou Gospel Hospital, the best hospital in the Central Soviet Area, for three or four months. This is the longest time for Mao Zedong to stay in Changting for seven times. He left many stories in Changting and had an indissoluble bond with an "ancient well".

The old ancient well is at the foot of Wolong Mountain in Changting, a crystal-clear well, next to the rest home of Gospel Hospital. "You know, this well has a story." An old man carrying water told us that during his convalescence, Mao Zedong went to Laogujing to fetch water, wash his face and wash clothes with people around him every morning. When he found that the old well was dirty because it had not been cleaned for many years, he personally led the guards down to dig out silt, remove moss and clean the old well. The water is clean, and more and more people come to fetch water. Mao Zedong often chats with people by the ancient well to learn about social conditions and public opinion. Through more than a month's social investigation, Mao Zedong found that the Soviet government in Tingzhou only paid attention to expanding the Red Army, but ignored the people's life and sufferings. Regardless of his physical illness, he lit candles in the bedroom of the rest home of Gospel Hospital and drafted the famous "Caring for People's Life and Paying Attention to Working Methods".

196265438+ 10, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a "7,000-person conference" in Beijing. During the meeting, President Mao Zedong specially asked Ye Fei, secretary of Fujian Provincial Party Committee, if there was any water in the old ancient well in Tingzhou. Ye Fei asked the Changting county government and replied to Mao Zedong: The old ancient well in Changting not only has water, but also people around it still use it. Hearing this, Mao Zedong smiled with relief.

On the way to the Long March, the chairman asked the soldiers to ride his horse.

Lan Yinglin, a native of Guanzhuang Township, Shanghang County, met Mao Zedong, who joined the Red Army shortly, during his illness in Changting, Mao Zedong. On the eve of the Long March, he met Mao Zedong again when he assembled in Ruijin. At that time, Mao Zedong lost his leadership over the Red Army because he refused the "Left" wrong route. Lan Yinglin, a former deputy procurator-general of Fujian Provincial Procuratorate in the 1960s, described it in an interview. After the meeting, he bluntly said to Mao Zedong, "Chairman, I heard that someone is going to knock you down. It doesn't matter, I am throwing caution to the wind. Whoever wants to hit you, I will fight him! " Mao Zedong said to him, "Son, don't talk nonsense. I know you are a child and you are brave! "

Lan Yinglin was shot and injured in the left thigh in the bloody battle of Xiangjiang River on the way to the Long March. After Mao Zedong knew that he was injured, considering his mobility, he was going to give him some money to stay in the local mountain area to recuperate. He resolutely refused and said to Mao Zedong, "I have been reading poetry for four months, and I don't want to read it. I want to follow the troops. " He never falls behind when marching with a cane. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other * * * appreciate his tenacity, sometimes let him ride their horses, sometimes go with him, and often invite him to have dinner together.

Lan Yinglin recalled that although he was only 16 or 17 years old during the Long March, and despite the difficulties in Wan Li's journey, he did not feel bitter, because he was always with Mao Zedong and other central leaders and always got their care and care. This may be in line with Mao Zedong's poem "The Red Army is not afraid of the expedition, and Qianshan is only idle."

Zhou Enlai's story-paying for meals three times

It was Premier Zhou Enlai who accompanied French President Pompidou to visit Hangzhou.

Premier Zhou will leave Hangzhou this afternoon. After several days of hard work, Premier Zhou ordered his secretary to say, "At noon today, I'll invite everyone to have a light meal outside the building."

When I heard that Premier Zhou was coming to entertain them, the manager, chef and waiter of the hotel outside the building were very excited. The waiter is busy cleaning the restaurant facing the West Lake, and the manager and chef are busy discussing the menu. 1 1 or so, Premier Zhou and his party strolled over the West Cold Bridge, and then strolled over Bai Causeway to the outside of the building. During the dinner, he warmly clinked glasses with his entourage, thanked them for their hard work in completing the reception task, and introduced the famous dishes of Hangzhou to the comrades from Beijing one by one: this is the West Lake vinegar fish that was killed alive and burned alive, this is the fried shrimp produced by the West Lake, and this is a rare West Lake delicacy called flower chicken for Beijing people. When Premier Zhou saw the waiter bring plates of hometown dishes that he liked to eat, he raised his chopsticks and tasted them, and introduced them to everyone: "I haven't eaten hometown dishes for a long time. Let's try them. These are Shaoxing dried vegetables, steamed meat, bean sprouts, thousands of molds, delicious! " Everyone was in high spirits after eating.

After dinner, Premier Zhou asked the secretary to settle the bill. Comrades in the province came out to stop and said, "There is no need for the Prime Minister to pay, and our place will reimburse you!" Premier Zhou listened and said, "It's my treat today. Of course, it's my money!" "The manager knew Premier Zhou's temper, and the Prime Minister would be angry if he didn't accept money, so he accepted 10. Unexpectedly, Premier Zhou refused, and immediately said to a waiter surnamed Jiang, "How can these many dishes 10 yuan be enough? Be sure to pay the full price. "The manager discussed it with the chef and charged 5 yuan. Unexpectedly, Premier Zhou saw it again and said angrily, "Whoever invites you to dinner will pay. The prime minister invites you to dinner, and you have to pay like ordinary customers! "The building manager outside the building had no choice but to charge another 5 yuan. That's it, 20 yuan.

I don't know 1 hour later, Jianqiao Airport called the manager outside the building and said that Premier Zhou left 10 yuan money before boarding the plane to pay for lunch. The managers and staff outside the building took the 30 yuan money and were deeply moved to tears by the honest spirit of the Prime Minister. After discussion, we only did as the Prime Minister told us, and immediately calculated the lunch fee of that day according to the quotation sheet, totaling 19 yuan 50 cents, and settled the bill like ordinary customers, wrote a detailed report to Premier Zhou, and attached a list and the extra 10 yuan 50 cents to Premier Zhou's office in the State Council, Beijing.

Interviewee: God of Wealth-Magician 1 1 Grade 9-8 14:58

1932 10 at the meeting of the c.o. of the Soviet area of the communist party of China held in ningdu, Jiangxi province, Mao Zedong was hit by the "left" wrong leadership and was dismissed as the general political commissar of the red army. He is only the Soviet chairman of the central interim government and went to Changting to recuperate. At that time, Mao Zedong lived in Tingzhou Gospel Hospital, the best hospital in the Central Soviet Area, for three or four months. This is the longest time for Mao Zedong to stay in Changting for seven times. He left many stories in Changting and had an indissoluble bond with an "ancient well".

The old ancient well is at the foot of Wolong Mountain in Changting, a crystal-clear well, next to the rest home of Gospel Hospital. "You know, this well has a story." An old man carrying water told us that during his convalescence, Mao Zedong went to Laogujing to fetch water, wash his face and wash clothes with people around him every morning. When he found that the old well was dirty because it had not been cleaned for many years, he personally led the guards down to dig out silt, remove moss and clean the old well. The water is clean, and more and more people come to fetch water. Mao Zedong often chats with people by the ancient well to learn about social conditions and public opinion. Through more than a month's social investigation, Mao Zedong found that the Soviet government in Tingzhou only paid attention to expanding the Red Army, but ignored the people's life and sufferings. Regardless of his physical illness, he lit candles in the bedroom of the rest home of Gospel Hospital and drafted the famous "Caring for People's Life and Paying Attention to Working Methods".

196265438+ 10, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a "7,000-person conference" in Beijing. During the meeting, President Mao Zedong specially asked Ye Fei, secretary of Fujian Provincial Party Committee, if there was any water in the old ancient well in Tingzhou. Ye Fei asked the Changting county government and replied to Mao Zedong: The old ancient well in Changting not only has water, but also people around it still use it. Hearing this, Mao Zedong smiled with relief.

On the way to the Long March, the chairman asked the soldiers to ride his horse.

Lan Yinglin, a native of Guanzhuang Township, Shanghang County, met Mao Zedong, who joined the Red Army shortly, during his illness in Changting, Mao Zedong. On the eve of the Long March, he met Mao Zedong again when he assembled in Ruijin. At that time, Mao Zedong lost his leadership over the Red Army because he refused the "Left" wrong route. Lan Yinglin, a former deputy procurator-general of Fujian Provincial Procuratorate in the 1960s, described it in an interview. After the meeting, he bluntly said to Mao Zedong, "Chairman, I heard that someone is going to knock you down. It doesn't matter, I am throwing caution to the wind. Whoever wants to hit you, I will fight him! " Mao Zedong said to him, "Son, don't talk nonsense. I know you are a child and you are brave! "

Lan Yinglin was shot and injured in the left thigh in the bloody battle of Xiangjiang River on the way to the Long March. After Mao Zedong knew that he was injured, considering his mobility, he was going to give him some money to stay in the local mountain area to recuperate. He resolutely refused and said to Mao Zedong, "I have been reading poetry for four months, and I don't want to read it. I want to follow the troops. " He never falls behind when marching with a cane. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other * * * appreciate his tenacity, sometimes let him ride their horses, sometimes go with him, and often invite him to have dinner together.

Lan Yinglin recalled that although he was only 16 or 17 years old during the Long March, and despite the difficulties in Wan Li's journey, he did not feel bitter, because he was always with Mao Zedong and other central leaders and always got their care and care. This may be in line with Mao Zedong's poem "The Red Army is not afraid of the expedition, and Qianshan is only idle."

Respondent: 19960228 123456- New to Jianghu Level 2 9-9 17:26.

Grandpa will kindly tell me: "Mao Zedong's hometown is in a place called Shaoshanchong. Since he was a child, he has set the ambition of' every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world'. At the age of eighteen, he left his hometown to study in Changsha. In a poem written to his father before he left, he wrote:' My son is determined to go to the countryside, and he will never return without learning to become famous. There is no need to bury bones in mulberry fields, and life is everywhere. "He is determined to succeed in his studies through his own efforts. Later, he led revolutionary soldiers through numerous storms and finally liberated China. He is a great man. Today's happy life is given by him and countless revolutionary soldiers. Do you know? " I understand nodded.

Grandpa told me the most affectionate thing about Mao Zedong and his son. When Mao Zedong first heard the sad news of his son's sacrifice, his true feelings were openly revealed. In the dead silence, there is no dialogue, no movement, not even tears and sighs. Mao Zedong sat on the bed, cold as a stone carving, only his mouth twitched. However, he is also a human being, he is also flesh and blood, he also has children and loves children! In the face of cruel reality, Mao Zedong, like all ordinary fathers, is confused, lonely, fragile, helpless and at a loss. However, the pain of losing his son didn't crush Mao Zedong and depressed him. Wider love and deeper feelings made him stand up from grief. When Mao Zedong met an old woman in the countryside and learned that her son was also killed in the Korean battlefield, Mao Zedong was shocked. "We are late." Mao Zedong is full of affection and excitement: the sons of "Longzi" and "Buyi" were born and raised by their parents, but Buyi's son is as good as Qian Qian's! What kind of unparalleled love for the people is this?

Interviewee: Che Jiawei-Assistant Level 2 9- 10 12:48

1932 10 At the meeting of the C.O. of the Soviet area of the Communist Party of China held in Ningdu, Jiangxi, Mao Zedong was hit by the "Left" wrong leadership and was dismissed as the general political commissar of the Red Army. He is only the Soviet chairman of the central interim government and went to Changting to recuperate. At that time, Mao Zedong lived in Tingzhou Gospel Hospital, the best hospital in the Central Soviet Area, for three or four months. This is the longest time for Mao Zedong to stay in Changting for seven times. He left many stories in Changting and had an indissoluble bond with an "ancient well".

The old ancient well is at the foot of Wolong Mountain in Changting, a crystal-clear well, next to the rest home of Gospel Hospital. "You know, this well has a story." An old man carrying water told us that during his convalescence, Mao Zedong went to Laogujing to fetch water, wash his face and wash clothes with people around him every morning. When he found that the old well was dirty because it had not been cleaned for many years, he personally led the guards down to dig out silt, remove moss and clean the old well. The water is clean, and more and more people come to fetch water. Mao Zedong often chats with people by the ancient well to learn about social conditions and public opinion. Through more than a month's social investigation, Mao Zedong found that the Soviet government in Tingzhou only paid attention to expanding the Red Army, but ignored the people's life and sufferings. Regardless of his physical illness, he lit candles in the bedroom of the rest home of Gospel Hospital and drafted the famous "Caring for People's Life and Paying Attention to Working Methods".

196265438+ 10, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a "7,000-person conference" in Beijing. During the meeting, President Mao Zedong specially asked Ye Fei, secretary of Fujian Provincial Party Committee, if there was any water in the old ancient well in Tingzhou. Ye Fei asked the Changting county government and replied to Mao Zedong: The old ancient well in Changting not only has water, but also people around it still use it. Hearing this, Mao Zedong smiled with relief.

On the way to the Long March, the chairman asked the soldiers to ride his horse.

Lan Yinglin, a native of Guanzhuang Township, Shanghang County, met Mao Zedong, who joined the Red Army shortly, during his illness in Changting, Mao Zedong. On the eve of the Long March, he met Mao Zedong again when he assembled in Ruijin. At that time, Mao Zedong lost his leadership over the Red Army because he refused the "Left" wrong route. Lan Yinglin, a former deputy procurator-general of Fujian Provincial Procuratorate in the 1960s, described it in an interview. After the meeting, he bluntly said to Mao Zedong, "Chairman, I heard that someone is going to knock you down. It doesn't matter, I am throwing caution to the wind. Whoever wants to hit you, I will fight him! " Mao Zedong said to him, "Son, don't talk nonsense. I know you are a child and you are brave! "

Lan Yinglin was shot and injured in the left thigh in the bloody battle of Xiangjiang River on the way to the Long March. After Mao Zedong knew that he was injured, considering his mobility, he was going to give him some money to stay in the local mountain area to recuperate. He resolutely refused and said to Mao Zedong, "I have been reading poetry for four months, and I don't want to read it. I want to follow the troops. " He never falls behind when marching with a cane. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other * * * appreciate his tenacity, sometimes let him ride their horses, sometimes go with him, and often invite him to have dinner together.

Lan Yinglin recalled that although he was only 16 or 17 years old during the Long March, and despite the difficulties in Wan Li's journey, he did not feel bitter, because he was always with Mao Zedong and other central leaders and always got their care and care. This may be in line with Mao Zedong's poem "The Red Army is not afraid of the expedition, and Qianshan is only idle."

Respondent: 19960228 123456- New to Jianghu Level 2 9-9 17:26.

Grandpa will kindly tell me: "Mao Zedong's hometown is in a place called Shaoshanchong. Since he was a child, he has set the ambition of' every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world'. At the age of eighteen, he left his hometown to study in Changsha. In a poem written to his father before he left, he wrote:' My son is determined to go to the countryside, and he will never return without learning to become famous. There is no need to bury bones in mulberry fields, and life is everywhere. "He is determined to succeed in his studies through his own efforts. Later, he led revolutionary soldiers through numerous storms and finally liberated China. He is a great man. Today's happy life is given by him and countless revolutionary soldiers. Do you know? " I understand nodded.

Grandpa told me the most affectionate thing about Mao Zedong and his son. When Mao Zedong first heard the sad news of his son's sacrifice, his true feelings were openly revealed. In the dead silence, there is no dialogue, no movement, not even tears and sighs. Mao Zedong sat on the bed, cold as a stone carving, only his mouth twitched. However, he is also a human being, he is also flesh and blood, he also has children and loves children! In the face of cruel reality, Mao Zedong, like all ordinary fathers, is confused, lonely, fragile, helpless and at a loss. However, the pain of losing his son didn't crush Mao Zedong and depressed him. Wider love and deeper feelings made him stand up from grief. When Mao Zedong met an old woman in the countryside and learned that her son was also killed in the Korean battlefield, Mao Zedong was shocked. "We are late." Mao Zedong is full of affection and excitement: the sons of "Longzi" and "Buyi" were born and raised by their parents, but Buyi's son is as good as Qian Qian's! What kind of unparalleled love for the people is this?

Respondent: shd 6203030- probation period level 1 9- 1 1 13:38.

Zhan Tianyou (1861April 26, 2009–1965438+April 24, 2009), a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, was the first railway engineer in China, and was responsible for the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and other projects, including "China Railway".

Zhan Tianyou was born in an ordinary tea merchant's family in 186 1 year (the 11th year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty). When I was a child, Zhan Tianyou was very interested in machines, and often made various machine models with the children in the neighborhood. Sometimes, he will secretly take apart the bells at home, fiddle with the components inside and ask questions that even adults can't answer. From 65438 to 0872, Zhan Tianyou, who was only 12 years old, went to Hongkong to sign up for the preparatory class for young children going abroad organized by the Qing government. After passing the exam, my father drew a note on a certificate of going abroad, which said, "If there is illness, life and death, everyone will live in peace." After that, he left his parents and came to the United States to study with the ideal of learning western "skills".

In the United States, students in preparatory classes abroad witnessed the great achievements of science and technology in North America and Western Europe and marveled at the rapid development of machinery, trains, ships and telecommunications manufacturing. Some students are pessimistic about the future of China, but Zhan Tianyou firmly said, "In the future, there will be trains and ships in China." With the belief of studying hard for the prosperity of the motherland, he studied hard and graduated from New Haven with 1877. In May of the same year, he was admitted to the Department of Civil Engineering of Yale University, majoring in railway engineering. After four years in college, Zhan Tianyou studied hard, ranking first in the graduation examination with excellent results. 188 1 year, of the 120 overseas students who returned from China, only two got their degrees, and Zhan Tianyou was one of them.

After returning to China, Zhan Tianyou enthusiastically prepared to contribute his knowledge to the railway industry of the motherland. However, the officials of the Westernization School of the Qing government were superstitious about foreign countries, and they relied on foreigners blindly when building railways, regardless of Zhan Tianyou's professional expertise, and sent him to Fujian Naval Academy to learn to drive seagoing ships. 1882 1 1 was sent to the flagship "Wu Yang" as a driving officer to direct the drill. 1883, the Sino-French war broke out. In the second year, the long-planned French fleet entered the Minjiang River in succession, ready to go. However, He Zhangru, the shipping minister of the surrendering faction in charge of Fujian Navy, turned a deaf ear and even ordered: "Don't fire first, and offenders will be beheaded even if they win!" At this time, Zhan Tianyou privately said to Mr. Zhang, the captain of the Wu Yang, "There are many French warships with ulterior motives. Although we have received an order not to fire first, we must never take preventive measures in advance. " Because of Zhan Tianyou's warning, Wu Yang is very alert and ready to fight. When the French fleet launched a surprise attack, Zhan Tianyou braved heavy artillery fire and calmly and tactfully commanded the "Wu Yang" to move forward from left to right; Avoiding enemy fire, seizing fighter planes, and bombarding the French command ship "Walter" with its tail almost killed the commander of the French naval expedition. For this naval battle, Zilin Xibao, founded by British businessmen in Shanghai, also had to be surprised and praised in different places: "Westerners didn't expect China people to fight so bravely. Of the five students aboard the Wu Yang, Zhan Tianyou is the bravest. He is fearless in the face of the enemy. At the critical moment of life and death, he is as calm as ever. He has the courage to save many people in the water ... "

From the post-war to 1888, after many twists and turns, Zhan Tianyou was transferred to China Railway Corporation as an engineer, which was the beginning of his participation in the railway industry in China.

Shortly after taking office, Zhan Tianyou was put to the test. At that time, the Tianjin-Hebei railway from Tianjin to Shanhaiguan was built to the Luanhe River, and a railway bridge across the Luanhe River was to be built. The Luanhe River bed has deep sediments and meets rising water and rapids. The railway bridge was designed by a world-class British engineer, but it failed. Later, Japanese engineers were hired as contractors, which was no good. Finally, the German engineer came out and was quickly defeated. Zhan Tianyou asked China people to do it themselves, but the Englishman in charge of the project had no choice but to agree to Zhan Tianyou's attempt.

Zhan Tianyou is a conscientious and down-to-earth person. After analyzing and summarizing the reasons for the failure of three foreign engineers, he put on work clothes and conducted a field survey with the workers, and made a close-up survey (P 1 16). At night, with the help of dim oil lamps, the geological structure of Luanhe River bed was carefully studied, analyzed and repeatedly compared, and finally the position of the pier was determined, and a new method-"pneumatic caisson method" was boldly decided to be adopted for the construction of the pier. Zhan Tianyou really succeeded, and the Luanhe River Bridge was built. This incident shocked the world: one China engineer actually solved a big problem that three foreign engineers could not complete.

After Zhan Tianyou won the first battle, he immediately encountered a more severe test. 1905, the Qing government decided to build the first railway in China-Jing-Zhang Railway. Both Britain and China wanted to intervene, but their attempts failed because of the strong opposition of the Russian people. The British and Russian envoys said in a threatening tone: "If the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was built by Russian engineers themselves, it has nothing to do with Britain and Russia." They think that, in this way, it is impossible to build a railway in China. At this critical moment, Zhan Tianyou accepted this arduous task without hesitation and was solely responsible for the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. News came that some imperialists and British newspapers sarcastically said, "The engineer who can build this railway in China has not been born in the womb! China people want to build railways without foreigners, even if it is not a dream, it will take at least 50 years. " They even attacked Zhan Tianyou, the general manager and chief engineer, for being "arrogant" and "overreaching". Under pressure, Zhan Tianyou insisted on not appointing foreign engineers, and said: "China is vast and rich in resources, and I feel ashamed to rely on outsiders all the way to work!" "China has awakened, and China people will use their own engineers and their own money to build railways."

1In August, 905, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was officially started, and intense exploration and route selection began. Zhan Tianyou personally led the students and workers, carrying benchmarks and theodolite, running around the rugged mountains day and night. One evening, the fierce northwest wind roared in Badaling area, whizzing past with dust, which made people unable to open their eyes. The survey team finished the work in a hurry, filled in the survey figures and climbed down from the rock wall. Zhan Tianyou took the notebook, looked at the figures and asked doubtfully, "Is the data accurate?" ? "Almost," replied the surveyor. Zhan Tianyou said seriously: "The first requirement of technology is accuracy, and there can be no ambiguity or rashness. Statements like' probably' and' almost' will not be said by engineers. " Then, he picked up the instrument, braved the wind and sand, climbed to the rock wall again with difficulty, carefully surveyed it and corrected a mistake. When he came down, his lips were purple with cold.

Soon, exploration and construction entered the most difficult stage. At Badaling and Qinglong Bridge, there are overlapping mountains and steep walls hanging rocks, and four tunnels will be opened, the longest of which is more than 1000 meters. After accurate calculation, Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the method of sectional construction: simultaneously drilling from the north and south ends of the mountain, opening a large well in the middle of the mountain, and then drilling from the north and south ends in the well. This not only ensures the construction quality, but also speeds up the project progress. When digging a hole, I dug a lot of stones by hand and picked out the spewing spring water one by one. Zhan Tianyou, as the chief engineer, has no shelf. He digs stones and carries water with the workers, and his face is covered with mud and sweat. He also encouraged everyone to say, "The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is the first railway that we built with our own people and our own money. The eyes of the whole world are watching us, and we must succeed! " "No matter success or failure, it is definitely not our own success or failure, but the success or failure of our country!"

In order to overcome the difficulty of driving on steep slopes and ensure the train to climb up Badaling safely, Zhan Tianyou creatively used the principle of "turn-back line" to design a herringbone line on the steep Qinglong Bridge section in mountainous areas, which reduced the tunnel excavation and slope. When the train arrives here, it will cooperate with two high-powered locomotives to push and pull to ensure the safety of the train uphill.

Zhan Tianyou once put forward three requirements for the whole project: "less money, good quality and quick completion". After several struggles by workers, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was finally opened to traffic in September 1909. It was originally planned to be completed in six years, but it was completed four years ahead of schedule, and the project cost was only one-fifth of that estimated by foreigners. Some European and American engineers paid tribute to Zhan Tianyou after visiting by bus. But Zhan Tianyou said modestly: "This is the strength of more than 10,000 employees of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, not my personal credit. Glory should belong to everyone. "

After the completion of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, Zhan Tianyou succeeded as the supervisor and chief engineer of Guangdong-Han Railway. At this time, the United States decided to grant him a doctorate in engineering and asked him to go to the United States to attend the conferring ceremony in person. He gave up this honor in order to devote himself to the railway construction of the motherland.

After the Revolution of 1911, in order to revitalize the railway industry, Zhan Tianyou and his colleagues established the China Engineering Society, and was promoted to president. During this period, he devoted a lot of efforts to the training of young engineers and technicians. In addition to setting an example, he also encouraged young people to "study hard for invention" and asked them not to "favor one over the other, and not to fish for fame". Take others with sincerity, not yourself as a mirror. "

Zhan Tianyou has been engaged in the railway industry for more than 30 years. At that time, almost every railway in China had different degrees of relationship. Old age breaks down from overwork 19 19. Comrade Zhou Enlai once spoke highly of Zhan Tianyou's achievements, calling him "the glory of the people of China".

During the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway in Zhan Tianyou, various railway engineering standards were formulated, and a letter was sent to the government asking for national adoption. The 4-foot-8-inch standard gauge and Jenny coupler still in use in China (also known as Johnny coupler and Zheng coupler, created by American Eli Jenny) were all put forward by Zhan Tianyou. In addition, Zhan Tianyou also pays attention to the training of railway talents, and has formulated the articles of association for the promotion and transfer of engineers, which clearly stipulates the assessment and requirements of engineers, and stipulates that the remuneration of engineers is linked to the assessment results. Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway has trained many engineers in China, and the assessment regulations formulated by Zhan Tianyou have also become the object of imitation by other railways in China.

After the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was completed, Zhan Tianyou was awarded an engineering scholar by Xuan Tong and served as the examiner for international students. 19 10 served as the prime minister and engineer of Guangdong Commercial Guangdong-Han Railway Corporation, 19 12 served as the Han-Yue-Chuan Railway Association, responsible for the construction of Guangdong-Han and Sichuan-Han railways. Since then, I have lived in No.9, Eha Street, Russian Concession in Hankou (now 5 1 Dongting Street). In the same year, "China Institution of Engineers" was established and was elected as the first president. After the founding of the Republic of China, 19 13 was appointed by the government as the technical director of the Ministry of Communications, and 19 14 was awarded the second-class Baoguang Golden Harvest Chapter. 19 16, was awarded an honorary doctorate in law by the University of Hong Kong. 19 19 At the beginning of this year, as the China representative of the Far East Railway Conference supervised by the Allies, he was sent to Vladivostok and Harbin. He returned to Hankou due to illness in April and died on April 24 at the age of 59.

Zhan Tianyou and his wife Tan Juzhen were buried near Qinglongqiao Railway Station on Zhangjing Road. 1922 bronze statue of Zhan Tianyou was erected at Qinglong bridge railway station. 1987, Zhan Tianyou memorial hall was built nearby.

Respondents: QQ 3932 15397- new to Jianghu level 2 9- 1 1 20: 12.

wen tianxiang

Wen Tianxiang, (1236— 1283) Song Rui, born in Luling (now Ji 'an) in Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Wenshan.

At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the court was partial to the south of the Yangtze River and the country was weak. 127 1 year, the Mongols in the north ended the fratricidal struggle for the throne, established the Yuan Dynasty, and then targeted the aggression at the Southern Song Dynasty. 1273, the prime minister led 200,000 troops to capture Xiang and Fan alive, taking this as a breakthrough and going down the river. Less than two years later, he came to the suburb of Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. Where Mongolian soldiers passed by, corpses were everywhere, rivers of blood were flowing, farmland was barren, and all walks of life were dying. This is an unprecedented brutal war of aggression, and the Southern Song Dynasty is facing a serious threat of national subjugation and extinction. Wen Tianxiang is a great national hero who fought against aggression under such circumstances.

The court of the Southern Song Dynasty was controlled by capitulationists for a long time. Also in 1259, Prime Minister Jia Sidao secretly knelt down to make peace on the condition that he would give in and cut 200,000 pieces of silver wire in Jiangbei area and 200,000 pieces of silver wire in 2000. However, Bo Yan intended to destroy the Song Dynasty and did not stop invading the south. 1275, Jia Shidao's 130,000 troops were completely annihilated, and the court had no more soldiers. At this time, Song Gongdi was only four years old when he was in office. In court, Empress Xie had to send a "letter of mourning", calling on all quarters in the world to send troops "diligently" quickly. Wen Tianxiang was the magistrate of Ganzhou at that time. He "cried with the letter" and took immediate action. Within two or three months, he organized the first "diligent king" team of nearly ten thousand people. After many twists and turns, he arrived in Lin 'an. Among thousands of local officials, he and Zhang Shijie are the only ones who lead troops and are diligent. This shows how decadent this regime is. 1276 On the 18th day of the first month, when he arrived at Gaoting Mountain, Yan had already surrendered and defected. Other ministers may have surrendered. Although he is willing to surrender, he wants his right-hand man Chen to negotiate. How did Chen Can have the courage? I ran away that night. Thank the queen mother wake only sent a Wen Tianxiang. He faced the danger resolutely, but did not surrender. He believes that "fighting, defending, and moving are not as good as giving" and "at this point in state affairs, you can't help loving your body." He even took this opportunity to observe the actual situation of the enemy camp in order to "save the country." But he didn't expect that while he accused Bo Yan of being detained and unable to return to Song Ying, his militia was also ordered to disband by the capitulators. The ferocity of the enemy never trapped Wen Tianxiang, but the fatuous court and shameless capitulators made him suffer the first serious setback.

1February 9, 276, Wen Tianxiang was escorted to Dadu (now Beijing) and Jingkou (now Zhenjiang). With the help of the righteous, he escaped from the gate of hell. According to his book "Postscript to the Southern Guide", he survived at least 16 times, and after suffering, he fled to Wenzhou on April 8. At this time, he heard that Du Zong's two sons (. Soon, he was called to Fuzhou, where he served as the right prime minister and the Privy Council, and was later appointed as the same governor. In July, Wen Tianxiang raised a handsome flag in Nanjian Prefecture (now Nanping, Fujian Province), calling on heroes from all directions to take their positions and recover lost ground. 1March 277, Wen Tianxiang marched into Jiangxi, recovered dozens of counties in the south, and besieged Ganzhou at the same time. Hunan, Hubei and other places rose up in succession, shaking the south of the Yangtze River, inspiring the people's anti-aggression will and greatly alerting the Yuan rulers. Busy Yuan transferred 400,000 soldiers to solve the siege of Ganzhou, and sent 50,000 troops to pursue Wen Tianxiang. There are only more than 5000 people in the Ministry of Education. In August this year, the empty pit was defeated and several people were sacrificed. Wen's wife and children were captured. Zhao Shichai pretended to be Wen Tianxiang in an emergency, which attracted the Yuan Army, and Cai Wen had to flee. Zhao was killed immediately. This is Wen Tianxiang's second major setback in more than a year.

But Wen Tianxiang didn't lose heart. He made up his mind to fight Yuan to the end. 1278165438+1October, he packed up the remnants, expanded his army and moved to Chaoyang, Guangdong. Unfortunately,/kloc-0 was defeated by Wupoling on February 20th, and Wen Tianxiang could not escape from the encirclement. In order to die, he swallowed the accompanying borneol immediately, but he didn't die, but was captured in a coma. This is the last serious thing that happened to him.