The snow-capped Western Hills guard the three major cities, and the Qingjiang River on Nanpu side spans the Wan Li Bridge.
Within the four seas, wars continue and brothers are separated. Being alone in the end of the world, I can't help crying.
In his later years, he was only accompanied by illness, and he didn't repay any advantages of the Ming Sheng court.
Riding in the suburbs, watching the distance can't stop, things are getting depressed day by day, which makes people sad and depressed.
Original works:
"Wild Hope" Du Fu? Tang dynasty
Xishan is covered with snow all year round, and the three cities are heavily stationed; Nanjiao Bridge spans the majestic Jinjiang River.
After years of war in China, several brothers have been unable to hear from each other; It's a long way from each other, and I'm the only one, right?
Instead, they will hand over the bodies of Gemini in the light of late autumn; So far, not a drop of merit has repaid the wise Huang Sheng.
I travel by horse alone, and my horizons are often wide. The world economy is in recession, which is unimaginable.
Comment on words and phrases:
Xishan: Located in the west of Chengdu, Ling Xue, the main peak, is covered with snow all year round. Three cities: Songpan (now Songpan County, Sichuan Province), Uygur (the old city is in the west of Lixian County, Sichuan Province) and Bao (the old city is in the northwest of Xinbaoguan, Lixian County). City, a "year" and a "wonder". Defense: defense. The three cities are important towns on the edge of Shu, and Tubo invaded from time to time, so the garrison guarded them.
Nanpu: the waterside land outside the southern suburbs. Qingjiang: refers to Jinjiang. Wan Li Bridge: It's in the south of Chengdu. When Fei Yi of Shu Han visited the State of Wu, he said to Zhuge Liang when he left: "The trip to Wan Li began with this bridge." Write these two sentences.
Dust: refers to the years of war caused by the Anshi Rebellion. Brothers: Du Fu's four brothers: Ying, Guan, Feng and Zhan. Only Du Zhan went to Shu with him, and the other three brothers were scattered all over the country.
Old age: Du Fu was fifty years old at this time. For many diseases: give it to the sick body. Provide, entrust.
Juanai: Water drops and dust are very small.
Day: One is "self".
Appreciation of works:
The title of the poem is Wild Hope, which is a self-portrayal of the poet's sentimental situation and nostalgia for his brother when he leaps out of the suburbs. The first couplet I saw in Xishan and Jinjiang was written by Wang Ye. The main peak of Xishan Mountain is covered with snow all year round, so it is described as "snowy". At that time, it was stationed in the three cities to guard against Tubo invasion, and it was an important town in central Sichuan.
The four sentences in the middle are the feelings of the countries and individuals concerned caused by wild hope. From the war, Zhuan Xu began to miss his brother and hurt his feelings. There are bonfires everywhere at home and abroad, and the brothers are scattered. At this time, "one body is far away" from the west, as in a world. The poet missed his motherland and couldn't help crying. The true feelings are revealed, and people can't help moving. Necklace is "all over the world" and "all in one", which leads to "illness" and "decline" in later years and does not help the shame of "holy dynasty" Du Fu is fifty years old, so it is twilight. He sighed and said: I have to dedicate my twilight years to a "sick" body, but I am ashamed that I have not made any contribution to repay the "sacred dynasty". Although Du Fu lived in West Shu and served Li Tang, he never changed, which shows that his patriotic consciousness is very strong. The four sentences in the middle, because they are used together, occasionally sum up the poet's worries about his home country, his feeling of life experience, and especially his heart of serving Li Tang.
Finally, the Tailian pointed out the road of "wild hope" and deep worries. At that time, due to the garrison in the three cities of Xishan, the people in Sichuan had a heavy burden of tribute, and Du Fu felt that the people were in dire straits and the world turned from "Japan" to "depression". This is the purpose of the conclusion. The poet "straddled the horse" from the thatched cottage and "walked" from the southern suburbs, watching all the time. "The long bridge shining with water in this southern lake" is a close-up. It is a distant sight that "the snow in Sanzhai, Xishan Mountain is white". He drew a chaotic sigh from "guarding three cities", and the meaning of Shu rose from "Wan Li Bridge". This is why the fourth sentence pays attention to family, country and individual.
Du fu's "crossing the horse and going out of the suburbs" and "eager to see" were originally intended to relieve depression. However, the feelings of patriotism and love for the people forced him to "see" the natural landscape, which triggered various reflections on national affairs, brother parting and personal experiences. For a time, thoughts and feelings such as serving the country, missing the same flesh and blood, and sad illness gathered in my heart. I'm particularly worried about being late and getting sick, but I'm ashamed that Juanai didn't answer.
The changes of thoughts and feelings in the first three chapters of this poem are from outward observation to inward examination. The tail end points out the reasons from the outside to the inside. From the artistic structure, it is quite wonderful to control vertically freely.
About the author:
Du fu (7 12 ~ 770), with beautiful words, tried to call himself "Shaoling night old". Take Jinshi as an example. He used to be a foreign minister in the school department, so he was called Du Gongbu internationally. He is the greatest realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is known as the "poet saint" after the Song Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. His poems boldly exposed the social contradictions at that time and expressed deep sympathy for the poor people. Many excellent works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is called "the history of poetry". In art, he is good at using various forms of poetry, especially rhythmic poetry; Various styles, mainly depression; Refined language with high expressive force. There are more than 1400 poems, including Du Gongbu Collection.
Creative background:
This poem was written in the second year of Su Zong Shang Yuan (76 1), and Du Fu lived in Chengdu. At that time, the poet was 50 years old, living alone in the ends of the earth, and it was difficult to communicate with his relatives at home. However, the war in the Central Plains has not subsided, and Tubo invaded the frontier. Therefore, when he went on an outing, he felt that the country was at home and abroad, and he was sick and helpless, so he wrote this poem.
Express the theme:
Wild Hope is a seven-character poem written by Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The first couplet of this poem is written in the scenery of Xishan and Jinjiang seen by Wang Ye. Couplets are associated with the separation of brothers, wandering the world alone with wild hope; Ties express the feeling of being late and sick and not being able to serve the country; The writing style of Wild Hope and the deep anxiety about home and country. From scenery to theme, this poem is sometimes worried about the country, with simple language and deep feelings.
Famous comments:
Hui people: This plan is lofty and tragic. A man beyond the reach of the Tang Dynasty.
Li Ming Panlong explained the Tang poetry directly: more tears make people forget their feelings.
Li Ming Panlong's interpretation of Tang poetry: It is true to express one's wishful thinking, only to "raise many diseases" rather than "report to the holy court", so the world is full of tears, so I don't just cry for my personal gain.
Lu Shiyong's Mirror of Tang Poetry in the Ming Dynasty: The last four languages are full of enthusiasm.
Zhou Mingzan's "General Comment on Lin of Tang Poetry Anthology Association": Mei Dingyou said: It is magnificent, with rhyme and bone. Zhou Binglun said: The fourth sentence is sadness; Sixth, loyalty.
Tea Shen Xing's "Chu Bai 'an Poetry Review": The efforts of the China League are mostly in empty word, which is particularly profound.
Zhang Qing Qian Yi's Poem on Cocoon Zhai: The first six sentences are about the situation, and the last one is a cloud: "I rode out to the border town. I observe the chaos of the world on the horizon day after day. " Shocked and sad, concise and thorough.
Hu Yimei's Poem of the Tang Dynasty in Qing Dynasty: Five or six inherited four things, which produced wild expectations and had its own generosity and harmony. Use duality to confront each other. The word "for" is great.
Poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties compiled by the Qing emperor: Sun only said: It is too lofty, and if you chisel into space, it will be enough. What's the point of wandering around?
Qingpu Qilong's Reading Du Xin Jie: Every couple is concerned about the country's suffering from family separation. "Defend three cities", worry about the country, "Wan Li Bridge", homesick. Third, the fourth sentence is homesick; Five, six, the first sentence, the worry of the country. The meaning of the word "Wang" in the title is hidden inside. Seven, including eight, total income.
Yang Qinglun's Du's Classic: homesickness, the first two mentioned together, has the strongest momentum (under the sentence "Snow on the Western Hills"). Shen Zhu (under the sentence "Dust in the sea"). Li Yun: You can call it high marriage. Gu Kuang's "Hunan Hakka Poetry of Spring Hope": "The wind and dust pity the temples in the sea, and the tears are all over the world", all in Du language.
Qing Mao Qiling's Selected Seven Laws of Tang Dynasty: Mao Qiling said: Different scenery, different personnel. Li Yinduyun: It can be called high mixing. Scholars should avoid the number of crimes committed in the fifth word of the first four sentences.
Qing Fan Dashi's Poems of Past Dynasties: The brushwork is flowing, and it is also sad and sad.
Zhao Wei written by Fang in Qing Dynasty: This poem writes "Wang" with emotion. Four sentences in the title, three or four far, five or six near; Bring some questions out and find another way. This reform set a precedent, which is the same as "leaving the Northeast". Only after reading this can we deeply understand the meaning of the valley.
Qing Li Ting Anne's comments on Ingui's rhythm: Ji Yun: This song is gloomy. Xu Yinfang: Every sentence is reasonable, and Du Lv doesn't stop there.