The Yuan Dynasty was a unified multi-ethnic country established by Mongols, belonging to the Mongolian Empire established by Genghis Khan, which spanned five non-three states. The East was the hometown of Mongols before they got up, so Beijing was called "the most" at that time. The former empire belongs to the richest and most important plate in the four khanates.
Great Hero: Genghis Khan Award
In addition to the multi-ethnic characteristics of the original empire, the empire also extended to the northwest to distant areas beyond the reach of the traditional central government. Therefore, the cultural characteristics and political system of China in Yuan Dynasty were quite different from those of traditional China. (David Asher, North? Exposure (American TV series) But will the rapid change and repetition of political power in the short term affect the people and reverse the eating habits passed down from generation to generation? (William Shakespeare Hamlet Political Power Political Power Political Power Political Power Political Power Political Power Political Power).
The eating habits of the Yuan Dynasty can be roughly divided into two directions: the rulers of the upper empire and the traditional Han nationality, with "foreign food constantly flowing into the Central Plains" as the branch line. A major feature of food in Yuan Dynasty is that "halal" food has been widely promoted.
An exciting Mongolian female warrior
Muslim food has been widely recorded in the court cookbook "Drinking Diet" in Yuan Dynasty. Ethnic foods with western characteristics, such as "fried", "rice cake bread", "oil flower", "spinning war" and "fat sheep", gradually flowed into the daily diet of northwest residents, which had a great impact on the eating habits of Han people stranded in the north.
Crispy Muslim snack: oil painting flowers
The camp of the Dream Expedition Circle still retains the dietary characteristics of the grassland tribes, so "baked vegetables" often account for a large part of the Mongolian diet structure. More interestingly, a game of roasting groundhog was popular in Mongolian tribes at that time. (Albert Einstein, a northerner? Exposure (American TV series) It is said that there are few poultry on the vast prairie. Mongolian aristocrats seem to have no resistance to marmots with tender, full and delicious meat.
Of course, after entering the Central Plains, Mongolian nobles gradually accepted the traditional diet in ancient China. For example, "Tang Bing", which has the regional characteristics that northwest people like, has entered the daily life of Mongolians through communication. From then on, the cooking skills of northern soup ice combined with Huiren's production technology gradually evolved into a delicious "clear soup slice". (William Shakespeare, North? Exposure (American TV series), but the bold custom of "drinking in a big bowl and eating meat in a big mouth" is still carried forward in the dream court.
Crispy meat, fresh soup, gluten: improved soup patch
Compared with the palace eating habits full of tribal styles, the social eating life of people in Yuan Dynasty received less attention from the public. On the basis of inheriting "Eating Hutong" in Song Dynasty, the folk diet structure in Yuan Dynasty further developed in an all-round way. Scholars are an important part of the traditional society in China, and "Yamin" who is most familiar with customs and habits in traditional society has emerged in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, forming the main force of folk food consumption. Well-off areas are typical rice producing areas. Unlike northerners who like to eat noodles and bread, southerners still adopt the custom of eating rice products in Yuan Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty was appointed as an important member of the forest canopy in Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang City, and was often not used to taking grain as the staple food, so it was very worried.
At that time, vegetables such as fungi, bamboo shoots and leeks, and aquatic products such as crabs, shrimps and puffer fish were widely distributed on people's dining tables. But in the south, there are fewer livestock such as cattle and sheep, but more poultry. A Han Chinese official in Jiangnan said. "I died in Jiangnan and refused to eat mutton with pork, fish, goose, goose and duck wings." This problem of eating habits is a headache for the southern Han people who receive northerners.
Fresh and fat taste: delicious roast lamb chops
Ming: Various modes, from simplicity to complexity.
Let's take a look at the original official and folk food in China, focusing on the court of the Ming Dynasty. Palace catering institutions in Ming Dynasty were divided into two systems: internal and external. Exotic catering institutions are responsible for all kinds of sacrifices and banquets held in the name of the state or the imperial court. Nating catering institutions are responsible for the food supply in the court, mainly responsible for the preparation and production of the emperor's royal meals.
In the Ming Dynasty, Guanglu Company was the organization in charge of foreign food arrangement. Its cooperative organization is mainly the Ministry of Rites. The Ming Dynasty emperors sacrificed to heaven, and the necessary tributes were managed by the Ritual Department. The palace pays more attention to providing meals according to traditional eating habits.
Every festival, snacks and rice cakes with rich cultural flavor have become essential wines. For example, "beginning of spring eats spring cakes, Yuanxiao in the first month, no pods in early April, Zongzi in the Dragon Boat Festival in May, Chongyang cake in September, and porridge and glutinous noodles in the twelfth month" and other dietary traditions should be valued by the Ministry of Ritual.