Chimonanthus praecox is different from Huangmei and Huangmeihua. Chimonanthus of Chimonanthaceae. Deciduous shrub, about 3 meters high, with opposite leaves, elliptic, ovate or ovate-lanceolate leaves, tapering apex, rounded or wedge-shaped base, 7- 15 cm long, entire and rough surface; Amphoteric flowers, solitary in the axils of annual branches, with short pedicels, yellow, waxy and fragrant, flowering in 65438+February-March. Cultivated varieties are Chimonanthus praecox; Diesel wintersweet; Chimonanthus praecox is native to central China. It likes sunshine, but it is also slightly tolerant to shade, cold and drought. It is called "Chimonanthus praecox that never dies after drought". Light loam which is not strict with soil quality and has good drainage is suitable. Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica records: "Chimonanthus praecox, whose real name is Huang Meihua, is not plum, so it is named because it is similar to plum in fragrance and color. Flowers: pungent, warm and nontoxic. Relieve summer heat and promote fluid production. " In the early Qing Dynasty, the reading mirror said, "Chimonanthus praecox is commonly known as Chimonanthus praecox, Huangmei and Feimei. Because it is placed with plum, its fragrance is similar, its color is like beeswax, and the twelfth month is open, so it has its name. " Chimonanthus praecox is also called Huang Meihua, snowflake, wax wood, wax flower and croton flower. It belongs to Chimonanthus of Chimonanthaceae, a deciduous shrub with a height of 2-4 meters. Branches and stems are square, brownish red, and have oval prominent lenticels. The bud has many imbricate scales. Leaves opposite, apex acuminate or acute, base rounded or broadly cuneate, elliptic-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, entire. The flowers and leaves are open and fragrant, with a diameter of about 2.5 cm. Perianth is multi-slice, waxy and translucent; Receptacle oval, about 4 cm long, semi-lignified, capsule-shaped, persistent, covered with filiform hairs, containing several achenes, one seed per fruit. The flowering period is from February 65438 to February, and the fruiting period is from June to September. Chimonanthus praecox is mainly distributed in the southern part of the Yellow River Basin, cultivated everywhere, and wild in Qinling and Hubei. There are many cultivated varieties. According to Zhao Tianbang's book Chimonanthus praecox in China, Chimonanthus praecox has four varieties, 12 and 165. Among them, there are pure yellow, golden yellow, light yellow, dark yellow, purple yellow, silvery white, pale white, snow white and yellowish white, and the stamens are red, purple and white. Among them, the best is Yanling Chimonanthus praecox produced in Yanling County, Henan Province, which is known as "Yanling Chimonanthus praecox is the best in the world". The representative variety is' Suxin Chimonanthus praecox': it is called' Yanling Suxin Chimonanthus praecox' in Yanling literature, and its heart is white and fragrant. Because it is not completely open, the opening is downward, like "hanging on the golden bell", so it is called Jin Zhongmei. Chimonanthus praecox is a traditional and precious ornamental flower with a long cultivation history and rich Chimonanthus praecox culture. Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, called wintersweet Han Mei, and there is a saying that "Han Mei is known through a wild pond". Yao's Remnant Pieces also called Chimonanthus praecox a cold guest. Chimonanthus praecox is the first flower among all flowers before spring, especially the tiger-hoofed plum, which blooms in October of the lunar calendar, so it is called early plum. Chimonanthus praecox flowers first and then leaves, flowers and leaves do not meet, and branches are thinner when flowering, so it is also called dried plum. When Chimonanthus praecox blooms, it usually snows, so I want to enjoy Chimonanthus praecox. After the snow, you will walk through the snow, so it is also called Xue Mei. Also called wintersweet, because it blooms in early winter and bears fruit in winter, it is also called winter plum. Chimonanthus praecox is the best tree species to enjoy flowers in winter because of its unique personality, and it is also one of the first choice tree species for urban beautification, fragrance and air purification. At the same time, Chimonanthus praecox has developed root system, strong growth adaptability and strong rooting and germination, and is an excellent tree species for soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand fixation. It can be used as a clustered flowering shrub for street greening, and can also be cultivated into small trees as street trees. It can not only form large-scale landscapes such as Meishan, Meiyuan and Meiyu in the park rockery and lakeside, but also form sketches in the lawn plate with broad vision. It can be planted in the open space of the garden and can be free and easy naturally. Can also be bred into carved bonsai, get a wonderful artistic conception, can also be cut into flower arrangements. Chimonanthus praecox not only has ornamental value, but also was used as a dish or snack in ancient times. Flowers are often used for health care and longevity. He Guozhen's "Flower Cooking Recipe" lists the varieties of flowers such as wintersweet bean curd soup and wintersweet glass chicken slices. Flowers can also be eaten in other ways, such as air-drying flowers and adding tea leaves to make wintersweet tea, or directly pouring a few flowers into boiling water instead of tea leaves, which has a strong aroma and can stop coughing and relieve asthma. Flowers can also be used as cooking ingredients, such as fish, shrimp and tofu or soup, which are delicious and fragrant. Chimonanthus praecox contains volatile oil. The oil contains borneol, eucalyptus oil, linalool, myricetin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, a- carotene, linoleic acid, oleic acid and other chemical components. The leaves contain myricetin, myricetin and isorhamnetin. Fresh leaves contain cyanohydric acid. Seeds contain fatty oil, fatty acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and other components. And it has good medicinal value, such as flower buds: warm in nature, sweet in taste and slightly bitter. Relieve summer heat, promote fluid production, stimulate appetite, relieve depression, moisten dryness and relieve cough. Indications: dizziness, vomiting, qi stagnation, stuffy stomach, measles, whooping cough, scald, fire injury, otitis media, etc. Rhizome, Xinwen. Dispel wind and regulate qi, promote blood circulation and detoxify. Indications: asthma, cough, stomachache, abdominal pain, rheumatism, itching, sores and swelling, traumatic injury, etc. Appropriate amount for external use, grind and sprinkle. Here are some common recipes about wintersweet. Chronic cough: 9 grams of wintersweet, soaked in boiling water instead of tea. Stomach gas pain: Chimonanthus praecox or root 9 ~ 15g, taken with tea or decoction. Otitis media: Soak the bud of Chimonanthus praecox in sesame oil or rapeseed oil for 3-5 days, and put 2-3 drops of oil on the ear each time. Wind-cold cold: root (dry product) 15g, 3~5 slices of ginger decocted in water, and appropriate amount of brown sugar. Burn: Chimonanthus praecox is soaked in rapeseed oil and applied to the affected area. Summer heat, upset dizziness, headache: Chimonanthus praecox, flat tofu, fresh lotus leaf, appropriate amount, decocted in water. Acute conjunctivitis: 6 grams of wintersweet and 9 grams of chrysanthemum, decocted in water and taken with a little honey. Alias Huang Meihua, Chimonanthus Praecox (L.)) link [Calycanthus Praecox L. Poa pratensis. Et Wils Chimonanthus praecox ], use buds, roots and root bark as medicine. Collecting flower buds in late winter and early spring; Roots and bark can be harvested in all seasons; Bake or dry. Sexual taste: pungent and cool. Root and root bark: Xin Wen. Indications: relieving summer heat, promoting fluid production, stimulating appetite and relieving cough. Used for dizziness, vomiting, qi stagnation, stomach tightness, measles and whooping cough; External use for treating scald and otitis media. Root: dispel wind, detoxify and stop bleeding. Can be used for treating common cold, lumbar muscle strain and rheumatoid arthritis. Root bark: external use for treating knife wound bleeding. Usage and dosage Bud 1 ~ 2 yuan, decocted in water; Soak peanut oil or vegetable oil for external use into "Chimonanthus praecox oil" and apply it to the affected area or drop it into the ear. Root 5 money, decocted in water; Grind the root bark (scrape off the outer skin) and apply it to the affected area. [Biological characteristics] Chimonanthus praecox, also known as Chimonanthus praecox, is a deciduous shrub of Chimonanthus in Chimonanthaceae. The trunk is clustered and yellow-brown. Simple leaves opposite, elliptic-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, entire, setose and petiole. Flowers are solitary on both sides of branches and bloom after defoliation in winter. The flowers are sallow, fragrant, slightly shiny and waxy. Chimonanthus praecox is a unique flower plant in China, with a wide variety, such as Chimonanthus suxin, Chimonanthus xinkou, Chimonanthus red and Chimonanthus petiolatus. The perianth is pure yellow or deep yellow, and the inner perianth has crimson purple stripes or red thick purple stripes. Nature likes sunshine, is slightly tolerant of shade, cold, drought and wind. It requires deep, fertile, well-drained neutral or slightly acidic sandy loam to avoid moisture and water accumulation. [Propagation and Cultivation] Propagation adopts grafting, cutting and rameting, with grafting as the main method. Grafting can use seedlings or ramets as rootstocks for cutting or budding. Cutting can be carried out after leaf buds germinate in spring, and bud grafting can be carried out in rainy season. After the grafting survives, the tillers grown on the rootstock should be removed in time. Chimonanthus praecox has thick branches, so it should be pruned when it is cultivated to keep the tree beautiful. Pruning can be done after flowering and before leaf development. Long branches should be cut short appropriately to promote many short and strong flower branches. Most annual branches can form flower buds. After germination, young fruits should be cut off to concentrate nutrition and form new flower buds. Fertilize once after leaves or flowers wither, apply liquid fertilizer 2 ~ 3 times in summer, and change pots of potted Chimonanthus praecox every 2 ~ 3 years. 【 Features and uses 】 Chimonanthus praecox is bright in color and rich in aroma. Flowers bloom in winter and last for 3 months. It is often used to decorate gardens, plant in clusters or pieces, or as bonsai material and indoor flower arrangement.