Xu Heng "tasted the summer heat and crossed the river. He is very thirsty. There are pears on the road, and many people take them. It is dangerous to sit under the tree, or ask him and say, you can't take them unless you have them. " People say that the world is in chaos and there is no owner. Yue, pears have no owner, but my heart has no owner? Any funeral should be based on ceremony, and its villagers are flourishing. If the fruit is ripe and rotten, boys will pass by and will not ignore it. His family has changed so much that the emperor wants to talk to each other and say something about the disease. After death, all the people gathered in tears and came thousands of miles to sacrifice the people under the tomb. Stone. "("Yuan Xu Shi Hengchuan ")
Xu Heng was a native of Hanoi in Yuan Dynasty (now zhongzhan district, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province). He is well read, knowledgeable and well educated. Many people came to study with him. They wrote their own study tablet, named "Luzhai".
Xu Heng fled with many people in his early years, passing through Heyang (now mengzhou city, Henan Province). His throat was dry and thirsty because of the long journey and hot weather. People in the same trade found a pear tree on the roadside, which was full of pears. Everyone scrambled to pick pears to quench their thirst. Only Xu Heng sat upright under the tree, motionless. Everyone thinks it's strange. Someone asked Xu Heng, "Why don't you go?" Xu Heng replied, "That pear tree is not mine. How can I just pick it and eat it? " The man said, "The situation is so chaotic now that everyone has fled separately. I'm afraid this pear tree has no owner. Why bother? " Xu Heng said; "Even if the pear tree has no owner, doesn't my heart have no owner?"
Weddings at funerals on weekdays, Xu Heng must follow the customs and etiquette, and the whole town is affected, and the reading atmosphere in the village is gradually flourishing. Whenever fruit trees in rural areas mature and fall to the ground, children in rural areas pass by without looking. The villagers all taught their children not to be greedy. Xu Heng's virtue spread all over the world, and it was said that Xu Heng would be appointed as prime minister, but Xu Heng did not appreciate Li Rong, and fell ill after politely declining.
After Xu Heng's death, people from all over the country gathered in front of the coffin and wept bitterly. Some people came from thousands of miles away to pay homage and wept bitterly under the tomb. Emperor posthumous title "Zheng Wen".
2. Biography of the Yuan Dynasty Forty-five Xu Heng translated Biography of the Yuan Dynasty Forty-five Xu Heng, Xu Hengchuan, was born in Hanoi, Huaizhou, and has been farming for generations.
I have a distinctive temperament since I was a child. At the age of seven, the teacher gave the students a chapter to analyze sentences. Xu Heng asked his teacher, "What is the purpose of reading?" The teacher said, "For the Imperial Examination!" Xu Heng said, "That's it?" The teacher was very surprised. Every time he is asked to study, he asks the main idea of the book.
After a long time, the teacher said to his parents, "This child is very clever and will surpass ordinary people one day. I am not fit to be his teacher. " So leave away, Xu Heng's parents tried to retain but failed to retain.
There are already three such teachers. When he grew up, Xu Heng was hungry for reading, but at that time, the world was in chaos, his family was poor and there were no books.
Later, he fled to Culai Mountain and began to get Wang Fuzhi's explanation of Yi. At that time, he was at war. Xu Heng thought at night, read aloud during the day, experienced it personally and practiced hard. Everything he says and behaves should be inferred before being implemented.
I once passed by Heyang on a hot summer day, and I was very thirsty. There is a pear tree by the roadside, and everyone is scrambling to pick pears to eat. Xu Heng was the only one sitting under the tree, looking calm. Someone asked him why he didn't pick pears to eat, and he replied, "You can't eat pears unless you own them."
The humanitarian said, "The world is in chaos, and this tree has no owner." Xu Heng replied, "The pear tree has no owner. Is there no master in my heart? " Xu Heng later moved to Shandong and stayed in Weizhou. People saw his noble morality and gradually began to follow him.
Xu Heng stayed in Weizhou for three years, and when he heard that the war would subside, he returned to Huaizhou. Whenever he gets married at weddings, funerals and funerals, he must follow this etiquette and use it to encourage people in his hometown to do so. More and more people are learning it.
Because of his poor family, Xu Heng went to the fields to farm himself. When the seeds are ripe, eat them, and when the seeds are not ripe, eat chaff and swallow vegetables. He was as cool as a cucumber, and the sound of reading poetry spread outside the house, as beautiful as music. If there is any surplus in the family property, Xu Heng will give it to relatives and poor students.
If someone sends something, he won't accept it as long as it doesn't conform to etiquette. Yao Shu was once called into Beijing, let Xu Heng live in his snow nest, and asked those who stayed to entertain him. When Xu Heng saw him, he refused.
In the yard, a fruit fell to the ground when it was ripe. Xu Heng's children passed by and left without opening their eyes. Xu Heng's family was deeply influenced by him. In Jiayin year, sai-jo went out of Beijing and became the king of the middle Qin dynasty (he was named the king of the middle Qin dynasty) He wanted to use it to influence the method of educating Qin people, so he called Heng Jing Zhao to promote his studies.
Qin people have just gone out of war and want to study without a teacher. I heard that Xu Heng was in charge of education, and everyone came to study happily. Schools have been built in all counties, and people are greatly influenced by education.
Sai-jo led the army south, and Xu Heng returned to Huaizhou. The students failed to retain him, so they followed him to Lintong and didn't come back. In the first year of reunification, sai-jo acceded to the throne and called Xu Heng back to Beijing.
Soon, Xu Heng resigned and returned to China. In the second year of Zhiyuan, the emperor appointed Antong as the right prime minister and asked Xu Heng to assist him. Then call Xu Heng to Beijing, and let him take part in the lawsuit in Zhongshu Province.
Grandma is an official in Zhongshu Pingzhang, in charge of six affairs of Shangshu Province. So he took over the political power, and the ruling and opposition parties were far stronger than others. For a while, the minister flattered him more. Every time Xu Heng discusses with him, he will call a spade a spade and never give in. Soon after being transferred to Zuocheng, Xu Heng repeatedly asked to resign.
The emperor had long wanted to run a business school, and it happened that Xu Heng repeatedly tried to resign, so he agreed to his request first. In eight years (Zhiyuan), Xu Heng was appointed as a university student in Jixian County, and also served as a national son to offer wine sacrifices. He personally selected Mongolian disciples for Xu Heng to educate him.
When Xu Heng was ordered, he said happily, "This is what I should do. China children have not lost their primitive and simple qualities, and they are very attentive to what they see and hear. If you train good and virtuous people for a few years, they will certainly become useful talents for the country. "
At that time, the candidate apprentices were still young. Xu Heng treated them as adults and cared for them as his own children, and the etiquette of going in and out was as strict as the relationship between monarch and minister. In their spare time of reciting after school, let them learn etiquette and sometimes practice calligraphy and arithmetic.
(After) Xu Heng requested to return to his hometown in Huaizhou due to illness. In the eighteenth year (Zhiyuan), Xu Heng was seriously ill.
He died soon at the age of 73. People in Huaizhou, rich and poor, old and young, cried and worshipped Xu Hengling.
Scholars from all over the world gathered together to hear the news of Xu Heng's death, and could not help but burst into tears. Some people traveled thousands of miles to Xu Heng's grave to offer sacrifices and cry.
3. Biography of the Yuan Dynasty Forty-five Xu Heng translated the biography of the Yuan Dynasty Forty-five Xu Hengchuan.
Xu Heng, a native of Hanoi, Huaizhou, Zhong Ping, has been farming for generations. I have a distinctive temperament since I was a child. At the age of seven, the teacher gave the students a chapter to analyze sentences. Xu Heng asked his teacher, "What is the purpose of reading?" The teacher said, "For the Imperial Examination!" Xu Heng said, "That's it?" The teacher was very surprised. Every time he is asked to study, he asks the main idea of the book. After a long time, the teacher said to his parents, "This child is very clever and will surpass ordinary people one day. I am not fit to be his teacher. " So leave away, Xu Heng's parents tried to retain but failed to retain. There are already three such teachers. When he grew up, Xu Heng was hungry for reading, but at that time, the world was in chaos, his family was poor and there were no books. Later, he fled to Culai Mountain and began to get Wang Fuzhi's explanation of Yi. At that time, he was at war. Xu Heng thought at night, read aloud during the day, experienced it personally and practiced hard. Everything he says and behaves should be inferred before being implemented. I once passed by Heyang on a hot summer day, and I was very thirsty. There is a pear tree by the roadside, and everyone is scrambling to pick pears to eat. Xu Heng was the only one sitting under the tree, looking calm. Someone asked him why he didn't pick pears to eat, and he replied, "You can't eat pears unless you own them." The humanitarian said, "The world is in chaos, and this tree has no owner." Xu Heng replied, "The pear tree has no owner. Is there no master in my heart? "
Xu Heng later moved to Shandong and stayed in Weizhou. People saw his noble morality and gradually began to follow him. Xu Heng stayed in Weizhou for three years, and when he heard that the war would subside, he returned to Huaizhou. Whenever he gets married at weddings, funerals and funerals, he must follow this etiquette and use it to encourage people in his hometown to do so. More and more people are learning it. Because of his poor family, Xu Heng went to the fields to farm himself. When the seeds are ripe, eat them, and when the seeds are not ripe, eat chaff and swallow vegetables. He was as cool as a cucumber, and the sound of reading poetry spread outside the house, as beautiful as music. If there is any surplus in the family property, Xu Heng will give it to relatives and poor students. If someone sends something, he won't accept it as long as it doesn't conform to etiquette. Yao Shu was once called into Beijing, let Xu Heng live in his snow nest, and asked those who stayed to entertain him. When Xu Heng saw him, he refused. In the yard, a fruit fell to the ground when it was ripe. Xu Heng's children passed by and left without opening their eyes. Xu Heng's family was deeply influenced by him.
In Jiayin year, sai-jo went out of Beijing and became the king of the middle Qin dynasty (he was named the king of the middle Qin dynasty) He wanted to use it to influence the method of educating Qin people, so he called Heng Jing Zhao to promote his studies. Qin people have just gone out of war and want to study without a teacher. I heard that Xu Heng was in charge of education, and everyone came to study happily. Schools have been built in all counties, and people are greatly influenced by education. Sai-jo led the army south, and Xu Heng returned to Huaizhou. The students failed to retain him, so they followed him to Lintong and didn't come back.
In the first year of reunification, sai-jo acceded to the throne and called Xu Heng back to Beijing. Soon, Xu Heng resigned and returned to China.
In the second year of Zhiyuan, the emperor appointed Antong as the right prime minister and asked Xu Heng to assist him. Then call Xu Heng to Beijing, and let him take part in the lawsuit in Zhongshu Province.
Grandma is an official in Zhongshu Pingzhang, in charge of six affairs of Shangshu Province. So he took over the political power, and the ruling and opposition parties were far stronger than others. For a while, the minister flattered him more. Every time Xu Heng discusses with him, he will call a spade a spade and never give in. Soon after being transferred to Zuocheng, Xu Heng repeatedly asked to resign.
The emperor had long wanted to run a business school, and it happened that Xu Heng repeatedly tried to resign, so he agreed to his request first. In eight years (Zhiyuan), Xu Heng was appointed as a university student in Jixian County, and also served as a national son to offer wine sacrifices. He personally selected Mongolian disciples for Xu Heng to educate him. When Xu Heng was ordered, he said happily, "This is what I should do. China children have not lost their primitive and simple qualities, and they are very attentive to what they see and hear. If you train good and virtuous people for a few years, they will certainly become useful talents for the country. " At that time, the candidate apprentices were still young. Xu Heng treated them as adults and cared for them as his own children, and the etiquette of going in and out was as strict as the relationship between monarch and minister. In their spare time of reciting after school, let them learn etiquette and sometimes practice calligraphy and arithmetic.
(After) Xu Heng requested to return to his hometown in Huaizhou due to illness. In the eighteenth year (Zhiyuan), Xu Heng was seriously ill. He died soon at the age of 73. People in Huaizhou, rich and poor, old and young, cried and worshipped Xu Hengling. Scholars from all over the world gathered together to hear the news of Xu Heng's death, and could not help but burst into tears. Some people traveled thousands of miles to Xu Heng's grave to offer sacrifices and cry.
4.( 1) Reading in Classical Chinese (19) Read the following text and complete10/0. A 1 1。 D (mistakes of "ignoring human feelings" and "generalizing") 12. C ("at the risk of being cheated"
(Pi, Gu, Epiphany, Fu Gu, each 1, which means 1) (2) Checking the level of its production capacity and increasing or decreasing taxes not only completed the task, but also enriched the tax revenue, which is beneficial to both public and private. (Examination, profit and loss, class and defecation, 65,438+0 each, meaning 65,438+0) Reference translation: Wang Ziyu, a native of Funing, Fujian.
My father, Wang Jiweng, was appointed as People's Republic of China (PRC)'s ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary to Guo Xin. He went to Japan to issue an announcement and was killed at sea. When Du Zhong was seven years old, he and his mother went to the court to state that his father was killed at sea in Japan. The sai-jo was very sympathetic and gave them a trip back to the south. He also gave 8,000 mu of Pingjiang field and a house.
Soon, sai-jo was grateful for his father's achievements and specially awarded Wang Pingjiang Road General Manager to manage the middle school. At this time, both of them are only 17 years old. Because of his youth, he was looked down upon by his colleagues.
Everything encountered in the city is analyzed, and the key points are easy to grasp. So the family was shocked and didn't dare to hide it from him. Kunshan used deception to buy and sell official land, which was exposed, but it has not been decided for eight years.
To this end, they read the previous documents and files to find out the truth, and those people will confess. Wujiang schoolhouse was in disrepair, and the county magistrate was absent. It is said that "everyone abides by the way of saints." Why can only one county magistrate do it? " So first I raised money from the rich man's house to build a new ceremony hall.
After the expiration of his term of office, he was appointed as the general manager of Chenzhou Road. Chenzhou is located in the upper reaches of Chu, and Xigu Cave roams among the people. The people of Chenzhou are afraid of their toughness and cunning and dare not trade with them. The king loved them, gave them grace and frightened them with majesty, so they were completely convinced.
Influenced by the barbarian customs, Chenzhou people like to fight, so they all built learning houses, displayed beans, played piano instruments, taught the people to learn the rites and music of ancient kings, invited Su Ru to enlighten them with righteousness, and finally changed their customs. Transfer to Raozhou Road Manager.
In case of famine, the price of rice soared, and the rice in the official warehouse was divided into three parts, and the price of rice was reduced by two tenths, so that ordinary people could buy it. Some elders gave him two ears of wheat and six ears of rice, saying, "This is a blessing from the Lord, and I am not worthy."
Take the matter to court. People built a memorial hall for him because of his mother's funeral.
After the mourning, the official paid tribute to Ambassador Haibei Hainan Road. In this book, provincial ministers have played a more important role than salt in the national economy and people's livelihood.
Therefore, according to the old system, Yanting kitchen households were established and ranked once every three years. This is the old system of our ancestors. The person in charge of this matter is afraid of being disgusted and has not carried out it for a long time.
Du Zhong said, "If a courtier is afraid of being accused, how can he do anything?" So I visited 34 saltworks to check their production capacity and decide whether to reduce or increase taxes, which not only completed the task, but also enriched the tax revenue, which was beneficial to both public and private. He resigned due to illness and went home. He died in the first year of Zheng Zheng.
Posthumously presented to Zhao Wen University Museum, Qingxian, posthumous title. He has been an official for more than forty years, and his achievements everywhere are extremely remarkable. Even the law-abiding officials in ancient times did not achieve better results in governing the county.
His naive feelings are handed down from his own family. In addition to the land and house given by the emperor, the grain and salary given by the court were given to his relatives and the poor among them, so people praised him more. When I was young, I stayed in the capital and studied with Xu Heng, thus establishing my life ambition.
In middle age, he devoted himself to basic research and wrote three volumes of poems.
5. Xu Hengchuan translated Xu Heng: "Crossing the river in summer is thirsty, and there are pears on the road. Many people take it and sit under the tree dangerously, or ask them, saying, if you don't have it, you can't get it. " People say that the world is in chaos and there is no owner. Yue, pears have no owner, but my heart has no owner? Any funeral should be based on ceremony, and its villagers are flourishing. If the fruit is ripe and rotten, boys will pass by and will not ignore it. That's how his family cares about their family. This is it!
Xu Heng walked to Heyang on a hot day and was very thirsty. There is a pear tree by the road. Everyone scrambled to pick pears to quench their thirst. Only Xu Heng sat upright under the tree, motionless. Everyone thinks it's strange. Someone asked Xu Heng, "Why don't you pick pears to eat?" Xu Heng replied, "That pear tree is not mine. How can I just pick it and eat it? " The man said, "The situation is so chaotic now that everyone has fled separately. I'm afraid this pear tree has no owner. Why bother? " Xu Heng said; "Even if the pear tree has no owner, doesn't my heart have no owner?" There are fruits in the yard. When they are mature, they fall to the ground. The children passed by and left without looking. It was his family who enlightened him to get this result.
Revelation: A man should keep his duty, take what he should take and keep what he shouldn't.