1. The meaning of "three editions" in classical Chinese

The "three editions" in classical Chinese are "three boards".

"Ban" is a Chinese character. Three boards: 1. The boards used to build walls and tombs in ancient times. Each board is two feet high, and the three boards are six feet.

"Warring States Policy·Zhao Ceyi": "Zhibo attacked Zhao from Han and Wei, surrounded Jinyang and flooded it, and the city did not sink with three boards." Song Su Shi's "Xuzhou Award Letter" : "Hundreds of blocks are built, and it is due to the hard work of the officials; three boards are not sunk, which is the power of the court."

Qing Wu Weiye's poem "Qingjiang Gate": "The stone is high and three boards are soaked, and the drums are anxious for thousands of people." Struggle." 2. Also known as "three editions."

That is, a sampan. A small boat rowed offshore or on a river.

Tang Qianqi's poem "River Journey Untitled": "A bay shines obliquely on the water, and three editions of boats are following the wind." Song Luyou's poem "Zhongchuo": "Composed by Zang Cuo" Sailing the three-board boat, the fishing lanterns were moored by Changmen at night."

In the volume of "Sulfur Mining Diary" by Yu Yonghe of the Qing Dynasty: "On the 23rd, we landed on the three-board boat." Original note: "The three-board boat is also the foot board." .

The boat is too big to go close to the shore. If you want to go back and forth, you have to take a three-board boat. When you want to sail, you can drag it on a big boat. ”

3. Level 3. The second chapter of Yuanguan Hanqing's "Golden Thread Pond": "People as tall as my three-banner can't come up with it, but my reputation is ten times better than mine." 2. The meaning of "three-ban" in classical Chinese

The "three editions" in classical Chinese are the "three boards". "Pan" is a Chinese character.

Three boards:

1. The boards used to build walls and tombs in ancient times were each two feet high, and the three boards were six feet. "Warring States Policy·Zhao Ceyi": "Zhibo attacked Zhao from Han and Wei, surrounded Jinyang and flooded it, and the city did not sink with three boards." Song Su Shi's "Xuzhou Award Reward Table": "Hundreds of barriers were built. It is the hard work of the officials; the power of the imperial court is due to the fact that three boards are not sinking. "The poem "Qingjiang Gate" by Wu Weiye of the Qing Dynasty: "The stone is high and the three boards are soaked, and the drums are anxious and tens of thousands of people are fighting."

2. Also written. "Third Edition". That is the sampan. A small boat rowed offshore or on a river. Tang Qianqi's poem "River Journey Untitled": "A bay shines slantingly on the water, and three boats follow the wind." Song Luyou's poem "Zhongchuo": "The three-wheeled boat is sailed by the grasshoppers, and the fishing lanterns are moored by Changmen at night." Yu Yonghe of the Qing Dynasty's "Sulfur Mining Diary" Volume: "On the 23rd, we took the three-plank to land ashore." Original note: "The three-plank is the footboard. The sea boat is large and cannot go close to the shore. If you want to go back and forth, you take the three-plank. When you want to start, you can't get close to the shore. Drag it aboard a big ship."

3. Level three. The second fold of Yuanguan Hanqing's "Golden Thread Pond": "People who are as tall as me, Sanban'er, can't come up with them, but people who are ten times better than me are famous everywhere." 3. All classical Chinese texts in the third year of junior high school (Chinese version) )

S version language: 9A 20. Autumn Water "Zhuangzi" When the autumn water comes, hundreds of rivers flow into it.

The Jingliu River is so big that there are no cattle or horses between the two Zhuzhu cliffs. Then, He Bo was happy and thought that all the beauty in the world was his own.

Go eastward along the current to the North Sea. Looking to the east, there is no water end.

Then, He Bo began to turn his face, looked at the ocean and sighed: "There is a wild saying: 'When you hear the Tao, you think you can't do it yourself.' That's what I call it." I have heard about Shao Zhongni, who underestimated Boyi's righteousness, and I didn't believe it. Now I see that the son is in trouble, and I will be in danger if I don't come to the son's door.

"Lie Zi" "The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountains" The two mountains of Taihang and Wangwu are seven hundred miles square and ten thousand feet high. They are originally located in the south of Jizhou and north of Heyang.

The Foolish Old Man of Beishan is ninety years old and lives facing the mountain. Punishing the fortress in the north of the mountain and the roundabout way to get in and out, he gathered in the house and planned, saying: "I and you will try to level the danger and point out the way to the south of Henan and reach the Yin of Han Dynasty. Is that okay?" Zaran agreed.

His wife expressed doubts and said: "With the power of the king, I have never been able to damage the hills of Kuifu, such as Taihang and Wang's house? How can I put earth and rocks there?" Za said: "Throw them at the end of the Bohai Sea. To the north of the Hidden Earth." Then he led his descendants and three men carrying heavy loads, pounding stones to cultivate the soil, and transporting dustpans to the end of the Bohai Sea.

The widow of a neighbor from the Jingcheng clan had a surviving son, so she began to fight, so she jumped to her aid. Winter and summer change, and the beginning is reversed.

The wise old man at the bend of the river stopped with a smile and said: "It's so bad, you are so unfavorable. With all my remaining strength, I have not been able to destroy even a hair of the mountain. How are they like earth and rocks?" The Foolish Old Man of Beishan took a long breath and said : "Your heart is so strong that it cannot be penetrated. You were no better than a widowed wife and a weak son.

Even after my death, my son will survive; my son will beget grandchildren, and my grandson will beget sons; my son will have sons, Children have grandchildren; children and grandchildren have endless deprivations, but if the mountains don’t increase, why bother and not be leveled? "The wise old man died in the bend of the river. When the god of snakes heard about it, he was extremely afraid of it and told the emperor about it.

The emperor felt his sincerity and ordered the two sons of the Kua'e family to carry two mountains, one to the east of Shuo and the other to the south of Yong. From then on, there was no long way to the south of Ji and the Yin of Han.

22. Bian Que met Duke Huan of Cai, "Han Feizi" Bian Que met Duke Huan of Cai, standing there. Bian Que said: "You have a disease in your body. If you don't treat it, you will be afraid of it." Huan Hou said: " I have no disease."

Bian Que came out, and Huan Hou said: "The doctor is good at curing the disease and not treating it." After staying for ten days, Bian Que saw him again and said: "Your disease is in the skin and cannot be cured. The benefits will be profound."

Marquis Huan should not. When Bian Que came out, Marquis Huan was displeased again.

After ten days of residence, Bian Que saw him again and said, "Your illness is in the intestines and stomach. If it is not treated, it will get worse." Hou Huan did not respond.

When Bian Que came out, Marquis Huan was displeased again. After staying for ten days, Bian Que looked at Marquis Huan and then left.

Marquis Huan therefore sent someone to ask about it. Bian Que said: "The disease is in the interstitial region, where soup and iron can reach it; in the skin, where needles and stones can reach; in the intestines and stomach, where fire Qi can reach; in the bone marrow, where the command of life belongs, there is nothing you can do.

Now it's in the bone marrow, so I have no invitation." After five days of residence, Marquis Huan suffered from body pain and sent someone to ask for help, so he fled from Qin.

Hou Huan then died. 23. Snake catcher Liu Zongyuan said that there are strange snakes found in the wild in Yongzhou, with black substance and white markings. They will die if they touch the grass and trees. They bite people and there is no way to control them.

However, if you get it and use it as bait, you can remove strong winds, contractures, fistulas, and boils, remove dead muscles, and kill three insects. At the beginning, the imperial doctor gathered them according to the king's order, and gave them two gifts every year. He recruited those who could catch them and rented them.

The people of eternity are fighting and running around. If there is a Jiang family, it will be beneficial for three generations.

When asked, he said: "My ancestor died in this way, and my father died in this way. Now my heir has been here for twelve years, and how many people have died."

In other words, he died in this way. If you are very sad. I was sad and said: "Is it poison? I will report it to those who come to do it. I will be more like a slave and more like a gift, so what?" Wang Ran, a relative of the Jiang family, burst into tears and said: "You will be born in sorrow." Is that so? The misfortune of my family is not as bad as the misfortune of my family.

If Xiangwu does not serve in this country, he has been ill for a long time. At the age of sixty, the neighbors of the country frowned, exhausted their land, exhausted their houses, howled and turned around, paused when hungry and thirsty, exposed to wind and rain, exposed to cold and heat, shouted poisonous diseases, and often died.

Those who lived with my ancestors now have only one room; those who lived with my father now have only one room; those who have lived with me for twelve years now have only one room. There are no four or five in the house. If you don't die, you will move away.

But I am here to catch snakes. The chicken and the dog can't rest.

I stand up and look at the fou, but the snake is still there, so I will eat it carefully and then retreat. And I will eat what I have in the soil, and I will eat up the one-year-old and the dead; the rest will be prosperous and happy.

How can it be like this in the days of my neighbors? If he dies like this, he will die later than my neighbor. How dare he poison me?" After hearing this, I became even more sad. Confucius said: "A harsh government is fiercer than a tiger."

I have always doubted this, but now that Chiang has seen it, I still believe it. Alas! Who knew that Fu Lian's poison was like a snake? Therefore, it is said that one can get it by observing people's demeanor.

24. Five Poems The envoy arrived at the fortress. Wang Wei was riding his bicycle and wanted to ask about the border. He belonged to the country and passed by Juyan. Zheng Peng left Hansai, returned to Yan and entered Hutian.

The desert is solitary and the smoke is straight, and the sun is setting over the long river. When Xiao Guan is waiting to ride, he will always protect Yan Ran.

Mooring in Qinhuai Du Mu The smoke cage is cold and the moon is caged in the sand. I am mooring in Qinhuai at night near a restaurant. The merchant girl doesn't know the hatred of her country's subjugation, but she still sings *** flowers across the river.

Untitled Li Shangyin It is difficult to say goodbye when we meet, the east wind is powerless and the flowers are withered. Spring silkworms will not run out until they are dead, and wax torches will turn to ashes before their tears dry up.

When I look into the mirror at dawn, I am worried about the clouds on my temples. When I sing at night, I should feel the cold moonlight. There is not much way to get to Pengshan, but the bluebirds are eager to visit.

Huanxi Sha Yan Shu A new song with a glass of wine, the weather is the same as last year. When does the sun set? Helplessly, the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallow returns.

The fragrant path in the small garden wanders alone. Shui Tiao Ge Tou Su Shi Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking happily till the end of the day, getting drunk.

I wrote this article because I was pregnant with my son. When will the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine.

I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky? I want to ride the wind back home, but I'm afraid it's too cold in the high places. Dance to figure out the shadow, how does it seem to be in the human world.

Turning to the Zhu Pavilion, the Qihu is low, and the light is sleepless. There shouldn't be any hatred, so what's the point of saying goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times.

I wish you a long life and a long life. Unit 7 25. Ten Principles of "The Analects" (1) Zengzi said: "I will examine myself three times in a day - have I been unfaithful in my plans for others? Have I not believed in my friends when I made friends? Have I not learned to pass them on?" (2) Confucius said: "When you see a virtuous person, you think about it; when you see a virtuous person, you have to reflect on yourself."

(3) Zigong asked: "Is there anyone who can say something that can be implemented throughout your life?" Confucius said: "How can I forgive you? ! Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you." (4) Zengzi said: "A scholar cannot be ambitious, and the road ahead is long."

Confucius said: "Wealth and honor are two things." If you don't follow the way to get what you want, you won't get it. Poverty and lowliness are what people hate, and if you don't get it by the way, you won't get rid of it."

(6) Son. tribute.

4. The Chinese People’s Education Press’ compulsory course three must memorize ancient poems and ancient poems

The high school Chinese compulsory course three and four must-have ancient poems and essays: The compulsory course three must-have ancient poems and essays include: Eight Autumn Singing Poems (Part 1) ——Du Fu, Yonghuai Ancient Relics (Part 3) ——Du Fu, Climbing High ——Du Fu, Pipa Play ——Bai Juyi {When I was learning this text last year, the teacher only asked me to memorize the second paragraph}, Jinse —— Li Shangyin, Ma Wei (Part 2) - Li Shangyin {This poem is included in "Essential Ancient Poems for High School", but my teacher did not let us memorize it, please confirm again}, The role of a few people in the country - Mencius, Encouraging Learning - - Xunzi, On the Passage of Qin - Jia Yi {We should remember the last sentence as the most classic sentence when we study}, Teacher said - Han Yu. The must-have ancient poems and essays for compulsory four courses include: Yu Linling - Liu Yong, Nian Nujiao, Chibi Nostalgia - Su Shi, Ding Fengbo - Su Shi, Shui Longyin, Deng Jiankang Shangxin Pavilion - Xin Qiji, Zui Huayin - Li Qingzhao, Slow Voice - Li Qingzhao. The Difficult Road to Shu Author: Li Bai's Grumbling Play, Danger How wonderful! The road to Shu is as difficult as climbing to the sky! There are thickets of silkworms and fishtails, how confused the founding of the country is. You are forty-eight thousand years old, and you are not inhabited by Qin Sai. There is a bird path in Taibai in the west, which can cross the top of Emei. The earth collapses and the mountains destroy the heroes, and then the stone stacks of the ladder to the sky are connected. At the top, there is the high mark of the six dragons returning to the sun, and below, there is the rushing wave and the reverse return to Sichuan. The yellow crane cannot fly past, and the ape wants to survive its sorrow. It is climbing. There is a coil of green mud, and nine folds in a hundred steps are lingering on the rocky mountains. I went to the Lijing Well, raised my head and breathed, and sat down with my hands on my chest and sighed. I asked you when you would return from your journey to the west. I was afraid of the unreachable rocks on the way. But I saw mourning birds calling ancient trees, and male and female flying around the forest. I also heard Zigui's cry in the night moon, and I felt sad. Empty mountains, the road to Shu is more difficult than climbing to the sky! Let people listen to this withered beauty. Even if the peaks are gone, the sky is not full, and withered pines hang upside down on the cliffs. The rushing waterfalls are noisy, and the cliffs are turning rocks and thousands of valleys are thundered. The danger is also like this, and people who have traveled far away are doing nothing. Oh! The sword pavilion is majestic and Cuiwei, with one man guarding the gate and ten thousand men not allowed to open it. Those who guard or bandit relatives turn into wolves and jackals. They avoid tigers in the morning and snakes at night. They grind their teeth to suck blood and kill people like hemp. Although Jincheng is full of joy, It is better to return home early. The road to Shu is as difficult as climbing to the sky! Turning sideways and looking west, I sigh. Eight poems of autumn (Part 1) The jade dew withers the maple forest, and the Wushan Gorge is desolate. The waves in the river are surging from the sky, and the wind and clouds are blocking the ground. The chrysanthemums are blooming, and the sun is weeping, and the boat is alone. One is the heart of the hometown. The cold clothes are everywhere, and the Baidi City is high and anxious. The ancient sites (Part 3) Go to Jingmen through the mountains and valleys, and there are still villages of Mingfei. Once you go to Zitai, even the desert, only the green remains. The tomb faces the dusk. Draw a picture to reflect on the spring breeze, wear a ring in the sky to return to the soul of the night moon. For thousands of years, the pipa has been playing nonsense, and it is clear that resentment is discussed in the song. When climbing high, the wind is strong and the sky is high, the ape is screaming in mourning, and the white birds are flying back from the clear sand of Nagisa. The falling trees are boundless. Under the rustle, the endless Yangtze River rolls in. The sad autumn of thousands of miles is often a guest, and a century-old illness makes the stage alone. The hardships and hardships hate the frost on the temples, and the new wine glass is stained. "Pipa Travel" (no preface) Xunyang River sees off guests on the first night, The maple leaves and flowers rustled in autumn. The host dismounted and was on the boat. He wanted to drink without the orchestra. He was too drunk to say goodbye happily. The vast river was soaked in the moon when we said goodbye. Suddenly I heard the sound of pipa on the water. The host forgot to return and asked the guest secretly. Who is playing? The sound of the pipa stopped, and I was too late to speak. We moved the boat closer to invite each other, added wine, turned on the lights, and started the banquet again. After calling for a long time, I came out, still half-hiding my face with my pipa. I plucked the strings three or two times on the spindle, and there was emotion before the tune was formed. The strings He muffled his voice and thought, seeming to be complaining about his failure in life. He lowered his eyebrows and continued to play the formalities, saying all the infinite things in his heart. He slowly twisted and picked it up again, which was first "Neon Shang" and then "Six Yao". The big strings were noisy and urgent. In the rain, the small strings are like whispers. The noisy strings are mixed together, and the big and small beads fall on the jade plate. The orioles are whispering at the bottom of the flower, and the ice is flowing in the deep throat. . Don't feel sad and resentful. Silence is better than sound at this time. The silver vase is broken, water slurry bursts out, and the cavalry protrudes, and the swords and guns are heard. At the end of the song, the plucking is carefully drawn, and the sound of the four strings is like cracking silk. The east boat and the west boat are silent, only seeing The autumn moon is white in the heart of the river. I am deep in thought while playing the plucked strings, straightening my clothes and concentrating my face. I say that I am originally a girl from the capital, and my family lives under the Tomb of the Shrimp Toad. The first part of the teaching workshop. Qu Ba once taught talented people how to dress, and Qiu Niang was jealous of her makeup. Young people in Wuling were tangled in their hair, and there were countless pieces of red gauze. The silver grate on the head of the hairpin was broken into pieces, and the blood-colored skirt was stained by wine. This year's laughter will return next year's, the autumn moon and spring breeze will be spent leisurely. My younger brother left to join the army and my aunt died, and the evening came and went with the same color. There were few horses and pommels in front of the door, and the boss married a merchant's wife. The businessman valued profit over profit and parted. The month before last, I went to Fuliang to buy tea. I came to watch at Jiangkou. The empty boat, the moon is shining brightly around the boat, the river is cold. Late at night, I suddenly dream about my youth, and my dream is crying and my makeup is red with tears. I sighed when I heard the pipa, and I moaned again when I heard the words. We are both fallen people in the end of the world. How can we meet before? I resigned from the imperial capital last year and was relegated to the city of Xunyang where I was sick. There was no music in Xunyang, and I never heard the sound of silk and bamboo all year round. I lived near the Huanjiang River in a low-humidity place, and yellow reeds and bitter bamboos grew around the house. What did I hear at dawn and dusk? The cuckoo sings and the blood ape mourns. When the flowers on the spring river meet the autumn moonlit night, I often drink wine alone. How can there be no folk songs and village flutes, which are hard to listen to? Hearing your pipa tonight is like listening to fairy music, and my ears are temporarily bright. Do not say more I sit down to play a song, and I will translate it for you, "Pipa Xing". I have been standing for a long time because of these words, but sitting down makes the strings turn sharply. The sound is not as sad as the forward sound, and everyone in the seat is crying after hearing it again. Who is crying the most in the seat? ? Jiangzhou Sima's green shirt is wet. (Although I didn't have to memorize two poems by Li Shangyin, I was able to take the test by asking questions. It's a tragedy = =.

So just memorize it, it’s really famous) Fifty strings of Jinse and Jinse are unprovoked, each string and one column reflect the past. Zhuang Sheng dreamed of butterflies, and looked forward to the emperor’s spring heart with cuckoos. The moon in the sea has tears, and the sun in Lantian is warm and beautiful. Yan. This feeling can be remembered later, but it was already at a loss. Ma Wei's overseas disciples heard that he was sent to Jiuzhou, and his life was uncertain. He heard that the tiger brigade passed the night watch, but there was no chicken man to announce the dawn. On this day, the six armies were stationed in Ma. , At that time, the Chinese Valentine's Day laughed at the morning glory. How can one be the emperor in the Four Seasons, and not as good as the Lu family? Mo Chou. What a humble person does to the country (our teacher requires me to memorize the entire article). King Hui of Liang said: "What a humble man does to the country, he is dedicated to his country." 1). If there is bad luck in Hanoi (2), then move the people to the east of the river and move the millet to the east of the river. The same goes for the bad luck in the east of the river (3). If you look at the government of neighboring countries, it will be seen that they are not as good as a few people. The people of neighboring countries will not do anything ( 4) If the people are few, why not increase the number of people?" Mencius said to him: "The king likes to fight, please use the metaphor of war (5). Fill up the drum, the sword is connected, abandon the armor and draw the soldiers (yè). Take (6). Either take a hundred steps and then stop, or take fifty steps and stop. What if you take (7) fifty steps and laugh a hundred steps? Also (8)." Said: "If the king knows this, there is no hope that the people will be more than the neighboring countries (9)." "If it is not against the farming season, the grain will not be enough to eat; the number of (cù) grains (gǔ) will not enter the water (wū) ) Pond, fish and turtles cannot be eaten; when an ax weighs a pound and enters the mountains and forests, the wood cannot be used. Grain, fish and turtles cannot be eaten, and wood cannot be used. This is to make the people maintain their health and die without regrets. Health preservation Death without regrets is the beginning of kingship. (. 5. Three classical Chinese essays + translation

Original text

There are parrots flying to other mountains, and the animals in the mountains love each other. The parrots think to themselves Although he was happy, it didn't last long, so he went away. A few months later, a parrot saw a fire in the mountains and flew into the water with its feathers. I know that even a drop of water can't save it, but I have lived in this mountain, and the animals are doing good, and we are all brothers. I can't bear to see it destroyed by fire. "The god of heaven expressed his righteousness and extinguished the fire for it.

Translation

A group of parrots flew to a mountain, and all the animals in the mountain loved each other. The parrots thought that even if they were happy, they would not last long, so they left. After a few months, there was a sudden fire in the mountain. The parrot saw it from a distance, wetted its feathers with water, flew to the mountain, and sprinkled water to put out the fire. Seeing this, the god said: "Although you are very loyal and ambitious, what's the use (effect)?" The parrot replied: "Although I know that I can't put out the fire, I once lived in this mountain and got along well with the animals on the mountain. We are as close as brothers. (The mountain is on fire like this). I can't bear to watch it!" After hearing this, he was very moved and put out the mountain fire as a reward.

Original text

There was a fool in the past who thought the food in his house was tasteless. , more beneficial to salt. After getting salt, he thought to himself: "The reason for beauty is salt. If there is less, how can it be more beneficial?" Foolish people eat salt when they are empty, and their mouth feels good. Because of this.

Translation

Once upon a time, a foolish man came to someone else's house, and the master invited him to eat. The man thought the master's dish was bland, so the master heard about it and added some salt. After adding salt, the taste of the dishes became delicious, and the man thought: "The taste of the dishes is delicious because of the addition of salt. If you add a little bit, it will taste better. Wouldn't it be better to add more?" This man really thought. Being extremely stupid, he doesn't want vegetables and only eats salt. If you eat salt in vain, your taste will be ruined and you will be harmed by the salt.

Original text

Wang Rong was very intelligent at an early age. At the age of seven, he tried to play with other children. I saw a plum tree beside the road with many branches broken off, and the children raced to get them. Wei Rong remained motionless. Someone asked him about it, and the answer was: "A tree beside a road with many children will definitely suffer plum blossoms." Take it, and believe it.

Translation

When Wang Rong was seven years old, he was playing with a few children. He saw that the plum tree on the roadside had many fruits, but the branches were broken, and many children were rushing to run. Go pick those fruits. Only Wang Rong did not move. People asked him why, and he replied: "The plum tree grows on the roadside but there are many fruits. This must be a bitter plum." This is indeed the case when picking the fruits and tasting them.

These are quite simple 6. Classical Chinese Translation by Sanshang

Original text: Although Qian Sigong grew up wealthy, he had few hobbies.

When he was in Xiluo, he told his subordinates that he only liked reading in his life. He read classics and history when sitting, novels when lying down, and short poems when going to the toilet. Gai Weihui released the scroll immediately.

Xie Xishen also said: When Duke Chui of the Song Dynasty was in the History Academy, he would carry a book with him every time he went to the toilet. Yu Yin said to Xi Shen: "Most of the teaching design articles I wrote in my life were written on three subjects, namely on the horse, on the pillow, and on the toilet."

Gai Wei, especially this, can belong to Si'er. Translation: Although Qian Weiyan (posthumously named Si Gong) grew up in a wealthy family, he had no hobbies.

When I was in Luoyang, Xijing, I once told my staff: I only love reading in my life. I sit and read classics and history books. When I sleep, I read the works of hundreds of pre-Qin scholars and various miscellaneous notes. When I go to the toilet, I read Xiao Ling. So I never put the book down for a moment.

He is so eager to learn.

So I said to Xie Jiang: "Most of the articles I have written in my life are on the 'three places', that is, on the horse, on the pillow, and on the toilet."

Because only in this way can we have a good idea. ". 7. Requesting 3 classical Chinese articles

"Hai Rui's Integrity"

Original text: Gangfeng Haigong, the censor of the capital, died in an official residence. Among the officials from the same hometown in Nanjing, there was only one Su Minhuai from the household department. Su checked his eunuch's bag and found eight taels of salary in the bamboo box, as well as a few pieces of old clothes. Wang Sikou Fengzhou commented: "If you don't fear death, you won't have money." Establish a party. "These nine words completely cut off Hai Gong's life, even if there are thousands of words to flatter him, can it be added to this comment?

Translation: Hai Rui, the censor of the capital, died in his official residence. He was an official in Nanjing with him The only person from the same town was Su Minhuai, who worked in the Ministry of Revenue. Su Minhuai checked his official salary and found that there were eight taels of silver, two feet of linen, and a few old clothes in the bamboo box. How many imperial censors were there? Wang Fengzhou commented on him: "I'm not afraid of death, I don't love money, I don't join gangs. "These nine words sum up Hai Rui's life. Even if a thousand words are said to praise him, can they be better than this comment?

"Kou Huai is Incorruptible"

Original text: Kou Huai's In and Out After thirty years as prime minister, he did not seek personal gain. Wei Ye, a minister, wrote a poem: "There are officials who live in Dingnai, but there is no place to build towers." "When Zhun Zhun was moving south, the envoy from the north came to the inner banquet, and the prime minister prepared it. The envoy looked at all the ministers, and the translator said: "Who is the Prime Minister who 'raises a tower without land'? "Those who sit without answering.

Translation: Kou Zhun served as prime minister twice for thirty years and did not build a luxurious residence for himself. Wei Ye, a virgin at the time, wrote a poem and gave it to him, praising: “Officials hold high positions but do not build luxurious houses (not for their own personal gain). "

Since Kou Zhun moved south, envoys from the Liao State went to the Song Dynasty court for a banquet. All high-ranking officials at the prime minister level participated in the banquet. The envoy looked at all the ruling ministers present and said to the translator: "Who is the minister who has no place to build a tower?" ” No one here answered.

"Gongyi Xiu is addicted to fish"

Original text: 1. Gongyi Xiu is Lu and addicted to fish, and the people of the country do not accept fish when they offer them. My younger brother admonished me and said, "If you are addicted to fish, why don't you accept it?" Gongyixiu said: "I only like fish, so I don't accept it." If you receive fish and are exempted from the appearance, you will not be able to provide for yourself as a fish. If you don't have fish, you will not be exempt from the appearance. If you grow up, you will be able to provide for yourself as a fish. "

2. Gongyi Xiuxiang was addicted to fish. When a country offered fish, Gongyi's disciples did not accept it. His disciples admonished him and said: "Master is addicted to fish, why should he not accept it?" The answer was: "I only like fish, so I can't accept it." If a husband receives fish and is exempt from the appearance, even though he is addicted to fish, he cannot feed himself with fish. If he does not receive fish and is exempt from the appearance, he can grow fish to feed himself. "This is obvious to those who are for others.

3. Gongyi Xiuxianglu was addicted to fish. When a country competed to buy fish and offered them, Gongyi's son did not accept it. His younger brother said: "Master is addicted to fish. Why not take the fish? Said: "I only like fish, so I don't accept it." If you accept a fish, you will definitely have the appearance of a servant; if you have the appearance of a servant, you will be in vain; if you are in vain, you will be exempted from the appearance; if you are exempt from the appearance, even if you are addicted to fish, this will not lead to my fish, and I You cannot feed yourself with fish. That is to say, if I don’t receive fish, I won’t be exempted from it. Even though I don’t receive fish, I can always provide myself with fish. This shows that it is better to rely on others than to rely on oneself; it is better to understand that it is better for oneself to do oneself than to do oneself to others. ”

Translation: 1. Gongyixiu was the prime minister of Lu and especially liked fish. A man from Chu bought fish as a tribute to him, but Mr. Gongyi did not accept it. His younger brother persuaded him that : "You like to eat fish but don't accept fish from others. Why is that?" He replied: "Just because I like to eat fish, I don't accept it." If I accept fish offered by others, I will be removed from the aspect, and I will not be able to provide myself with fish. If I don't accept the fish given by others, I will not be deposed as prime minister, and I can provide myself with fish for a long time. ”

2. Gongyixiu was the Prime Minister of the State of Lu. He liked to eat fish very much. After he became the Prime Minister of the State of Lu, many people from all over the country gave him fish, and he all gave them to him one by one. He declined. His disciple advised him: "Teacher, you love eating fish so much, but why don't you want it when someone else brings it to your door?" Gongyixiu heard this and replied: "It is precisely because I like to eat fish that I cannot accept fish from others casually." If I am dismissed as the Prime Minister because of this small profit and bribe, then I will not be able to satisfy this hobby. If I am honest and honest and do not accept bribes from others, I will not be dismissed from my position and I will always be able to eat fish. ”

3. Gongyixiu was the prime minister of Lu and liked to eat fish. People all over Lu rushed to buy fish as offerings to him, but Gongyixiu refused. His younger brother Say: "You like to eat fish but don't accept fish (from others). Why?" . (Gongyixiu) said: "It is because I like to eat fish that I don't accept (fish given to me by others). If I accept (fish given by others), I will definitely not dare to blame others. If you violate the law, you will be removed from the position of prime minister. If you are removed from the position of prime minister, even though (I) like (eat) fish, these people will definitely not be able to give it to them. If I don't accept the fish (given to me by others), I will not be dismissed from the position of prime minister. Even if I don't accept the fish (given by others), I ( Also) can always provide (oneself) with fish. This (is) understanding that it is better to rely on others than to rely on oneself; to understand that it is better to (plan) for oneself than to rely on others (to plan) for oneself.

" 8. 3 short classical Chinese essays

1. "Xijing Miscellaneous Notes"

Original text

Kuang Heng studied diligently and used candles, but his neighbors did not catch them if they had candles. , Heng passed the wall to let the light shine, and read the book in the light. The people in the city were illiterate, and the family was rich in books. Heng asked Heng to work for him without asking for compensation. Heng said: "I want to be my master." Read the book all over. "The master sighed and gave him books, so he built a university.

2. Carving a boat to ask for a sword

Original text

There was a Chu people who crossed the river, and his sword came out of the boat. Falling into the water, he suddenly stopped his boat and said, "This is where my sword fell." "The boat stopped, so I entered the water to ask for it. The boat has moved, but the sword can't move. It's confusing to ask for a sword like this!

3. Sit back and wait for the rabbit

Original text

There were people in the Song Dynasty who were cultivating a field. A rabbit ran into the plant ② and broke its neck and died. The man left the plant ③ and hoped to find the rabbit ④. As a member of the Song Dynasty, I want to use the government of the previous kings to govern the people of the world, and they will all be like Zhuzhu.