Because patients should gradually return to normal diet after operation, they must pay attention to eating less and more meals at ordinary times. You can eat 5-8 times a day, 5-100g each time. It takes 3-6 months to transition from liquid, semi-liquid and soft food to ordinary diet. Generally speaking, patients should follow the following principles.
Eat more meals a day, but eat less every time.
Because only a small part of the stomach is preserved after radical gastrectomy or jejunum is used to replace the stomach after total gastrectomy, the eating ability is obviously reduced. Only by increasing the number of meals can we make up for the lack of food and meet the body's demand for nutrition. Therefore, patients should develop good eating habits, eat regularly and quantitatively, and insist on eating less and more meals, preferably 5-6 meals a day. Staple food and side dishes should be thin, soft and easy to digest, and overeating should not be allowed.
Eat more abundant food in protein.
In the early postoperative period, we should eat in the order of clean food, liquid food, semi-liquid food, soft food and general food. Liquid food should be rice soup, egg soup, vegetable soup, lotus root starch. Semi-liquid diet should choose high protein, high calorie, high vitamin, low fat, fresh and digestible food. The best source of animal protein is fish. The protein of fish is of high quality and can be easily digested and absorbed by human body, so we encourage eating more fish, such as yellow croaker and crucian carp. After entering the ordinary diet, you should eat more high-fiber foods such as vegetables and fruits to keep your stool unobstructed.
Eat lightly.
Give digestible foods with high protein, vitamins and cellulose, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat less fat and eat less or no pickled products. Because pickled products contain more dimethyl nitrite, it can be easily converted into carcinogenic nitrosamines in the body. Drink less or no high-concentration drinks, and avoid spicy and irritating foods and overheated diets. The total calorie intake per day should be 1500 ~ 2000 calories.
Food taboo
Avoid cold, overheated and hard food; Avoid spicy and pungent condiments, such as pepper and mustard; It is forbidden to drink strong liquor, strong tea, etc. Avoid greasy and coarse foods, such as fried chicken, fried dough sticks and other fried foods.
Iron supplement
The lack of gastric acid after gastrectomy affects the absorption of iron and can lead to iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, we should insist on taking iron pot as an important cooker, take ferrous sulfate preparation according to the specific situation, and choose some foods with more iron content such as animal liver, beans, spinach and red dates.
Chew carefully and swallow slowly.
The grinding function of the stomach is lacking after operation, and the chewing function of the teeth should play a greater role. For rough and indigestible food, you should chew slowly.
Do not smoke or drink.
As we all know, alcohol can stimulate the digestive tract and damage the liver. Smoking is harmful and affects the secretion of digestive juice. Alcohol and tobacco are harmful. They must be banned and avoided.