Peanut is an American plant, which began to spread in the old world after Columbus discovered the new world. It was introduced to China in A.D. 1530, and peanuts were widely distributed and planted everywhere in China. The main producing areas are Shandong, eastern Liaoning, Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong, Yellow River and Huaihe River Basin, and hilly and sandy areas along the southeast coast.

Among them, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces in the north are more, and Shandong Peninsula, hilly areas in central and southern Shandong, the lower reaches of Luanhe River in eastern Hebei, the Yellow River flood area in eastern Henan and Huaibei area in Jiangsu, Anhui and Huaibei are the key peanut producing areas in northern China.

There are more than 100 countries producing peanuts in the world, and Asia is the most common, followed by Africa. However, there are only more than 10 countries producing commodities, among which Indian and China have the largest planting area and output.

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Peanut is suitable for growing in sandy land with warm climate, long growing period and moderate rainfall.

There are different types of varieties cultivated on a large scale in China, most of which are clustered peanuts of pearl bean type and common type. The two types of hybrid varieties showed certain advantages in production.

At present, the variety with the highest yield, stable yield and the largest popularization area in the world is the American "Flora Manson", which is also an interspecific hybrid, accounting for more than 90% of the current peanut production area in the United States.