The water demand of vegetables is not as large as that of crops, so choosing a reasonable watering method will reduce the damage to soil. Generally speaking, drip irrigation can protect the soil. It slowly seeps into the soil, which can avoid the erosion of the soil surface by flood irrigation and reduce the damage to the soil surface.

Second, increase the application of organic fertilizer.

Applying organic fertilizer is the fundamental measure to improve soil. After the application of organic fertilizer, the factors such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and bacteria in the plough layer are coordinated and unified, which not only creates an excellent environment with suitable temperature and humidity and complete fertilizer for the growth of vegetable seedlings, but also effectively improves the soil properties.

Third, the application of biological bacterial fertilizer.

After long-term continuous cropping of vegetables, harmful microorganisms accumulate in the soil and beneficial microorganisms decrease. Applying biological bacterial fertilizer can increase beneficial microorganisms in the soil and improve the soil.

Fourth, deep ploughing and hoeing.

Cooperate with the application of organic fertilizer and gradually add deep ploughing layer to make the depth of ploughing layer reach more than 30 cm. At the same time, the frozen soil in winter is used and mowed in summer and autumn to promote soil maturation, ensure loose and fertile farming and improve effective soil fertility. At the same time, it is necessary to frequently plough and activate the soil to make the soil breathable. Generally, after planting vegetables, hoe them every 3-5 days, with a depth of 3-5 cm.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) scientific crop rotation

Implement reasonable rotation of vegetable varieties of different families and genera, such as leafy vegetables that need more nitrogen, fruits and vegetables that need more phosphorus and stem vegetables that need more potassium; The rotation of deep-rooted beans, melons and eggplant with shallow-rooted Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cucumber, onion and garlic can not only make full use of various nutrients contained in the soil and nutrients in different soil layers, but also gradually improve fertility and reduce the accumulation of germs and harmful substances.

Excerpt from Sohu