Use a big primer brush to say that propylene primer should be applied to the paint surface, and the application action should be big. When painting the primer, paint it evenly from left to right and from top to bottom to ensure that the pigment can adhere well. Paint should be painted after the substrate is dried, and the drying time is usually half an hour to one hour unless it is coated very thick.

2, oil painting pen and knife grip

In the process of painting, the middle of the painting knife is usually held by hand, and the arm is straight when painting, and the arm can rotate freely in and out of the oil painting area. For details and smaller shapes, hold the pen slightly forward, but hold it tightly.

To paint in a large space, use the largest oil painting pen. The way to hold a painting knife should be the same as the way to hold a pen. You can use a painting knife to push the paint on the screen horizontally or vertically.

Step 3 brush strokes

Practice different ways to hold the pen, including vertical, horizontal, close to the picture and so on. Change the grip strength, turn the wrist and turn the pen in different directions. You can also try a thread, a piece or a light coating. Draw a line or a picture with different strokes and try different effects.

Extended data:

Technology:

Draft sketch

Generally speaking, sketch is just a rough draft, with a few random lines to outline the general shape of the object, and the final effect of the picture is the shaping of color. For artists who use direct painting, this may be the case with sketches. For artists of classical realistic painting,

Sketch is very important, which is the whole of the artist's modeling language. Because sketch is the most basic artistic expression and the first step for artists to communicate with nature. Here we study the sketch process of young painter Chao Ge, as shown in Figure 25.

(1) Tick off an imaginary draft, draw a large composition and the general expression of the characters on paper with a pencil, and then sketch with the model. Painters often pay attention to perceptual factors when sketching, and the appearance and expression of characters are as close to the object as possible.

(2) In the process of sketching, fully understand the inner temperament of the model and firmly seize this opportunity to open the soul to strengthen it. Then, the painter processes, generalizes and refines according to the sketch.

(3) Create a third sketch on the basis of the continuous evolution and language purification of the first two sketches. This step emphasizes contour processing, which makes the shape more full and the characters have a sense of relief under the action of light and shadow.

At the same time, enrich the local content and draw more definitely. After the sketch was finalized, the painter copied it to the canvas in an extremely strict way (grid enlargement method). From this point of view, starting a sketch is a flexible modeling process, which allows and even encourages continuous modification and adjustment, all in order to determine a clear and satisfactory visual image.

It is reasonable and necessary to spend a lot of time sketching any oil painting in its initial stage. Sketch is not necessarily a tone, it can be modified and adjusted directly on the canvas with lines, and the relationship between the main tone and color of the picture can also be determined with simple colors.

Here are some drafting tools.

(1) carbon rod. Charcoal sticks and sticks are both suitable for sketching on canvas or wood. Charcoal bars have better performance because they are lighter, easier to erase and more flexible to use. Carbon rods can leave thick lines to make the outline clearer.

(2) charcoal pen. Thin lines are more suitable for drawing details. Some people do not advocate the use of pencils, thinking that lead printing will come up from under the color layer of oil painting.

(3) colored chalk and crayons. It is not easy to use too much on canvas. Avoid using white or light colors. Too much use of colored chalk or crayons in this kind of sketch will make the foundation unstable.

(4) Watercolor and acrylic color. Very thin watercolor will not have any influence on the color coverage of oil painting. If you want a thick coat, use acrylic color.

(5) ink painting. Painting and calligraphy with China ink is very interesting. Ink lines can be covered with oil painting color or kept, and are not easy to be washed off by turpentine.

(6) carbon paper. You can copy the sketch on the paper to the canvas. In the sketch stage, hair gel, glue and other fixatives are essential. It is necessary to spray a layer of fixing solution on materials that are easy to fall off or flood. In addition, all kinds of erasers and rags are also essential items.

Material tool

A painting with transparent vegetable oil mixed with pigments creates artistic images on materials such as cloth, paper and wooden boards. It originated and developed in Europe and became an important painting in the world in modern times.

/kloc-before the 0/5th century, the egg-colored paintings in European paintings were the predecessors of oil paintings. While using the egg-colored painting method, many painters continue to look for more ideal blending agents. It is generally believed that/kloc-The Van Ike brothers, painters from the Netherlands at the beginning of the 5th century, were the founders of oil painting techniques. Based on previous attempts to dissolve pigments with oil,

Painting with linseed oil and walnut oil as blending agents makes the painting smooth, the pigment dries on the screen for a moderate time, and it is easy to be covered and decorated many times during the painting process, forming rich color levels and glossiness.

After drying, the pigment has strong adhesion and is not easy to peel and fade. They used new oil painting materials to create, which was very influential in the painting world at that time. Oil painting technology soon spread to other western European countries, especially Venice, Italy.

The main materials and tools of oil painting are pigments, turpentine, brushes, knives, canvases, varnishes and picture frames.

① Pigments can be divided into mineral and chemical synthesis. Most of the original pigments are mineral pigments, which are ground into fine powder by hand and adjusted into nosebleeds when painting. In modern times, it was mass-produced by factories and put into tin cans, and there were more and more kinds of pigments.

The nature of pigment is related to its chemical composition. When mixing colors, chemical action will cause some bad reactions between pigments. Therefore, mastering the nature of pigment is helpful to give full play to oil painting skills and make the color of works unchanged for a long time.

② Turpentine is a volatile medical oil. In the modulation of oil painting, it plays a role in diluting pigments. It will completely evaporate in a minute or two, and it will be dull after drying. Turpentine and colored oil are mixed in a certain proportion, which makes them dry faster and have brighter colors.

(3) Brushes, made of animal hair with moderate elasticity, are round, flat, short and flat, and fan-shaped.

④ Painting knife, also known as palette knife, is made of elastic thin steel sheet, which is divided into sharp shape and round shape, and is used to evenly mix pigments on the palette. Many painters also use knives instead of pens, painting directly with knives or partially forming pigment layers and textures on canvas to increase expressive force.

(5) Canvas, standard canvas, is made by stretching linen or canvas on a wooden inner frame, mixing it with white powder with glue or oil, and coating it on the surface of the cloth. Generally, it is made into a foundation with a certain pattern effect without oil absorption, or a foundation with half oil absorption or full oil absorption according to the needs of creation.

The thickness of the cloth pattern depends on the size of the picture frame and the needs of the painting effect. Some painters use canvas with background color, which is easy to form a unified picture tone, and can also inadvertently reveal the background color when painting. After priming, wood or cardboard that does not absorb oil can also replace canvas.

⑥ Polishing: Generally, after the oil painting is dried, it is covered with varnish to keep the luster of the picture and prevent cavitation and fouling.

⑦ Frame, a complete oil painting includes a frame, especially an oil painting with strong realism. The frame forms the boundary of the viewer's vision of the work, which makes the picture appear complete and concentrated, and the objects in the painting develop in depth in the viewer's feeling.

The thickness and size of the picture frame depend on the content of the work. The frames of classical oil paintings are mostly made of wood and gypsum, while the frames of modern oil paintings are mostly made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy.

Baidu encyclopedia-oil painting