How to prevent acute hepatitis A infection 1 How to prevent acute hepatitis A infection?
Pay attention to eliminate pests such as flies and cockroaches, and avoid spreading diseases through the media. Don't eat in small restaurants or stalls with imperfect sanitary facilities.
Vaccination with hepatitis A vaccine can improve human immunity and prevent the occurrence and outbreak of hepatitis A.
People with elevated body temperature accompanied by fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, jaundice and other symptoms should go to the hospital intestinal clinic in time to make early diagnosis, early report, early isolation and early treatment.
For some foods that are easy to carry pathogenic bacteria, such as snails, shells and crabs, especially those that can enrich hepatitis A, such as sea and aquatic products such as clam, they must be cooked and steamed thoroughly when eating, so as to eliminate bad eating habits such as eating raw, eating half-baked, and eating directly after pickling.
Patients with hepatitis A should report to the local disease prevention and control center in time, take effective measures to isolate the source of infection, cut off the route of transmission, protect susceptible people and control the epidemic of infectious diseases. Early reporting is of great significance to control the epidemic.
2. How is acute hepatitis A spread?
2. 1, daily contact and communication
This is the main mode of transmission of hepatitis A, also called indirect transmission. Infection is mainly caused by oral administration of contaminated food such as hands, utensils, utensils and toys contaminated by hepatitis A virus.
2.2, water transmission
This is the main mode of transmission leading to the outbreak of hepatitis A, which mostly occurs after heavy rain and rainy season. The patient's feces, saliva, vomit and other excreta pollute the surrounding environment, especially the water source.
2.3, food spread
It is mainly caused by eating contaminated food, especially uncooked fruits and vegetables, or semi-cooked shellfish such as oysters, clams, clams, etc. Flies and cockroaches are also important vectors of the disease.
2.3, sex life
This is also the main mode of transmission of the disease. Because saliva, * * and * * secretions can carry hepatitis A virus, people who have sex with hepatitis A patients are likely to be infected with hepatitis A virus.
3. What to eat to prevent acute hepatitis A infection?
3. 1, wormwood mushroom porridge
20g of tender mugwort leaves, fresh mushroom slices15g, and japonica rice100g. Method: Wash and drain fresh Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, slice fresh Lentinus edodes, cook japonica rice, add fresh Herba Artemisiae Scopariae into porridge for 5 minutes, and take it warm.
3.2. Chicken with Rhizoma Cyperi, Poria and Yam
Ingredients: Cyperus rotundus, Poria cocos 15g, Chinese yam 30g, chicken 1 piece. Methods: The chicken was eviscerated, and Cyperus rotundus, Rhizoma Dioscoreae and Poria were put into the belly of the chicken, steamed in water, and taken after slag removal.
3.3. Gouqi porridge
20g of medlar, 30g of yam, 50g of glutinous rice and a small amount of sugar. Method: Put Lycium barbarum, Chinese yam and glutinous rice into a pot, add appropriate amount of water, and cook slowly for half an hour on low heat until the rice is cooked.
What are the symptoms of acute hepatitis A? 1. Jaundice is acute in the early stage, with chills, fever, general weakness, loss of appetite, aversion to oil, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, liver pain, diarrhea, and gradually deepening urine color. At the end of this period, it was a strong tea sample. Fever, headache and upper respiratory symptoms are the main manifestations in a few cases. This period lasts 1-2 1 day, averaging 5-7 days.
2. In the jaundice stage, the symptoms of consciousness can be improved, and the fever is reduced, but the urine color continues to deepen, and the sclera and skin appear yellow staining, reaching a high level in about 2 weeks. There may be obstructive jaundice such as light stool color, itchy skin and bradycardia. Hepatomegaly reaches 1-3cm under the ribs, with fullness, tenderness and percussion pain. Some cases have mild splenomegaly. This period lasts 2-6 weeks.
3. During the recovery period, jaundice gradually subsided, symptoms were alleviated or even disappeared, liver and spleen were retracted, and liver function gradually returned to normal. This period ranges from 2 weeks to 4 months, with an average of 2 months.
What are the clinical manifestations of acute hepatitis A? 1, incubation period
The incubation period of hepatitis A 15 ~ 45 days, with an average duration of 30 days. Patients are often asymptomatic during this period, but in the late incubation period, that is, about 25 days after infection, a large amount of HAV is excreted with feces, and patients in the incubation period are the most contagious.
2. Early jaundice
Acute onset patients have fever and chills, and their body temperature is between 38 and 39℃. The general heat course lasts for 3 days, and a few heat courses last for 5 days, with general weakness, loss of appetite, aversion to oil, nausea, vomiting, fullness in the upper abdomen or mild diarrhea.
3. Jaundice stage
Self-conscious symptoms improved, jaundice, yellowing of sclera and skin to varying degrees, pain in liver area, hepatomegaly with tenderness and percussion pain, and splenomegaly in some patients. During this period, there may be a short period of light stool color and itchy skin. Liver function is obviously abnormal. It lasts for 2 ~ 6 weeks.
4. Recovery period
Jaundice gradually subsided, symptoms improved or even disappeared, liver and spleen returned to normal, liver function gradually returned to normal, and IgG-mediated immune system was established. This period lasts from 2 weeks to April, with an average of 1 month.
5. Acute jaundice type
Less common than jaundice type. The onset is slow, and the clinical symptoms are mild, only manifested as fatigue, loss of appetite, pain in the liver area and abdominal distension. Signs include hepatomegaly, mild tenderness and percussion pain, and splenomegaly is rare. Elevated transaminase. It usually recovers within 3 months.
6, fulminant hepatitis A..
This type accounts for 0. 1% ~ 0.8% of all cases, but the mortality rate is very high, reaching 50%. This type of illness is very urgent, and there may be obvious symptoms of digestive tract and systemic poisoning such as fever, loss of appetite, nausea, frequent vomiting and extreme fatigue. Jaundice gradually deepens, the liver gradually shrinks, and there is a tendency to bleed, with toxic intestinal swelling, liver odor, ascites, acute renal failure and hepatic encephalopathy of different degrees, until deep coma and convulsions appear.