Potato, the scientific name of potato, naturally contains a small amount of nitrogen-containing steroid alkaloids, called solanine or solanine, which usually exists in the form of glycoside. For potatoes, this alkaloid is a powerful "weapon" for self-protection, which has the functions of disease resistance, insect resistance and mildew prevention, and plays a role in preventing other animals from eating potato buds.
The toxicity of Solanum nigrum destroys the cell biofilm. It is very similar to organophosphorus pesticides, which can make people feel numb, nausea, diarrhea, unconsciousness and so on. It can be fatal in severe cases. A study in 2002 also found that even if it does not cause poisoning, the toxins in potatoes will damage the intestinal mucosa, thus causing intestinal discomfort and chronic digestive dysfunction, such as "irritable bowel syndrome".