First, the diet is appropriate: 1 should eat eyesight food; 2 should eat antibacterial and anti-inflammatory food; It is recommended to eat food that nourishes nerves.
Second, we should eat delicious food, reasons and suggestions.
Eel. Eel can improve vision, promote the metabolism of skin membrane and improve vision. It is also rich in DHA and lecithin, and often takes lecithin to replenish the brain. Every day 160-230 grams is appropriate.
Lemon. Lemon has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, reducing eye secretions, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, and preventing eye inflammation and infection. Soak in water and drink 350-500ml every day.
Coprinus comatus pig liver is a kind of food rich in vitamin B 12, which has the function of nourishing nerves and is beneficial to the rehabilitation of patients with optic neuritis. It is advisable to fry 180-280 grams a day.
Third, dietary taboos: 1 avoid eating spicy and irritating food; 2 avoid eating the effect of weakening vision; 3 avoid eating irritating drinks.
Fourth, avoid eating food, avoid eating reasons, and avoid eating suggestions.
Pepper. Pepper is easy to stimulate the intestinal mucosa, and it is also easy to get angry, which is not conducive to the absorption of intestinal nutrients, and it is also easy to lead to an increase in eye secretions, which is easy to cause infection and is not conducive to physical recovery. It is wise to eat light food.
Lettuce. A substance in lettuce can stimulate the optic nerve. According to ancient books, eating more lettuce makes people's eyes paste, and they can recover by themselves after stopping eating for a few days. Therefore, patients with optic neuritis should not eat it. It is advisable to eat eyesight-improving food.
Liquor. Liquor contains alcohol, which is easy to stimulate blood vessels and nerves, nourish the recovery of optic nerve and stimulate the increase of eye secretions, which is not conducive to the recovery of patients. It is wise to eat non-alcoholic drinks.
What are the symptoms of retrobulbar optic neuritis?
Typical symptoms: symptoms: binocular or monocular vision drops rapidly, and severe visual impairment often occurs within several hours or 1~2 days, and in severe cases, light perception can be completely lost. Because of the inflammatory swelling of the optic nerve, the dural sheath around the optic nerve is also swollen, which further affects the common tendon ring at the muscle cone of the orbital apex, so patients often feel slight swelling and pain at the back of the eyeball.
Related symptoms: the visual field of green blind children with slow reaction is reduced
According to vision and fundus, especially visual field examination, typical patients are easy to diagnose. Color contrast sensitivity test and VEP examination have certain auxiliary diagnostic significance. Cerebrospinal fluid cells are abnormal, and the titer of-visible globulin and virus antibody is increased, which should be suspected as multiple sclerosis. Monoclonal antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid can increase by 90%, but nonspecific HLA-A3 and B7 are also helpful for diagnosis.
It often occurs in one eye, but it can also involve both eyes, with sharp vision loss or even no light perception. The pupil is moderately dilated, and the direct response to light is slow or disappearing. There is traction pain or deep orbital pain during eye movement. The fundus is normal in the early stage, and the temporal side of the optic disc may change color in different degrees in the late stage. There are central, paracentral and dumbbell-shaped dark spots in the visual field, and the peripheral visual field is also reduced. Focus on checking the central vision rather than the peripheral vision, and at the same time strongly call for red, try to use small visual targets. When you exercise or take a hot bath, your vision will be blurred for a short time, but your vision will be improved at colder temperatures or when you drink alcohol. This phenomenon is called Unthoff sign. It is more common in optic neuritis caused by multiple sclerosis and Leber's disease, and can also be seen in other optic neuritis. It is speculated that this sign is related to the fact that the increase of body temperature can directly interfere with axonal conduction and release chemicals.
What are the causes of retrobulbar optic neuritis?
What are the causes of retrobulbar optic neuritis?
All the above causes of neuritis can be regarded as the pathogenic cause of this disease. Acute cases are mostly caused by adjacent inflammatory lesions, such as sinusitis, especially those accompanied by posterior ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinusitis or cysts, which are more likely to be misdiagnosed. Lead, arsenic, methanol and ethanol poisoning, orbital cellulitis and skull base meningitis can all be caused; Chronic patients are mostly caused by vitamin B deficiency, pregnancy and lactation, diabetes and demyelinating diseases (multiple sclerosis is not uncommon in China, but it is still significantly less than in the west. However, neuromyelitis optica is now considered as a variant of multiple sclerosis, and the idiopathic disease caused by familial optic atrophy (Leber's disease) still accounts for about 1/2.
Second, local focus infection.
1, endophthalmitis: it is common in choroiditis, uveitis and sympathetic ophthalmia, and can spread to the optic disc.
2, orbital inflammation: orbital periostitis can directly spread to cause retrobulbar optic neuritis.
3, adjacent tissue inflammation: such as sinusitis can cause optic neuritis.
4, focus infection: such as tonsillitis, dental caries can also be caused.
Systemic infectious diseases
Common in viral infections, such as influenza, herpes zoster, measles and mumps, but also in bacterial infections, such as pneumonia, encephalitis, meningitis and tuberculosis.
Metabolic disorder and poisoning
The former is diabetes, pernicious anemia, vitamin B 1 or B 12 deficiency; The latter are tobacco, alcohol, methanol, lead, arsenic, quinine and many drugs.
4. What are the nursing measures for retrobulbar optic neuritis?
1. What are the nursing measures for retrobulbar optic neuritis?
1. Eye observation: General systemic hormone therapy rarely leads to eye complications, such as corticosteroid glaucoma and cataract, but it can not be ignored. Intraocular pressure should be measured every day during medication.
2. Dietary guidance: Choose light, digestible and nutritious food. Avoid smoking, wine, spicy, spicy and fried foods, eat more fresh fruits, vegetables, cold vegetarian dishes and fruits, such as wax gourd, pears, bananas, watermelons, etc., appropriately increase animal liver, milk and egg yolk, and don't overeat.
3. Exercise and rest: During the treatment, patients can exercise properly to enhance their resistance, ensure adequate sleep, and give sedatives before going to bed if necessary. Life should be regular, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, actively exercise, enhance physical fitness, prevent colds, and reduce the recurrence of diseases.
Second, what are the inspection methods for retrobulbar optic neuritis?
1. fundus changes
When optic papillitis occurs, the optic disc is congested, slightly bulged (less than 3 days), the edge is unclear, the physiological depression disappears, the retinal vein twists and turns, the retina around the optic papilla is edematous and turbid, with inflammatory bleeding and yellow-white exudation, and sometimes it can spread to the macula, resulting in macular reflective edema folds. Retrobulbar optic neuritis, the fundus is basically normal in the early stage, the color of optic papillae becomes pale in the late stage, and the optic nerve atrophy.
2. Changes in vision
It appears as a central scotoma or a paracentral scotoma.
3. Electrophysiological examination
Visual evoked potential showed that the latency of P wave was prolonged and the amplitude was decreased.
4. Fundus fluorescein angiography
At the early stage of optic papillitis, the fluorescence on the nipple surface leaked out and the edge was blurred. The venous phase showed strong fluorescence. It can be used to distinguish diseases with similar fundus changes, which are easy to be confused, because this kind of examination is normal for patients with optic nerve.
5.CT examination
Retrobulbar optic nerve thickening.