The psychological development characteristics of children aged 7- 12 are different at different ages. It is precisely because of this difference that parents should understand these changes, so as to better enlighten their children.

Characteristics of psychological development of children aged 7- 12 17- 12 is a very important stage of development in childhood. The characteristics of children's physical and mental development at this stage are mainly reflected in: children's height and weight are in a relatively rapid development stage; The external organs have developed rapidly, but the perception ability is not perfect enough; Children are in the transition stage from concrete thinking in images to abstract logical thinking; Emotions and feelings are more clear.

The rapid development of children's body and mind is manifested in the following aspects: children's height, weight, brain, nerve and motor skills have made great progress; The development of large muscles can ensure that children engage in various simple activities; Children are quite skilled in intuitive action thinking and gradually master specific image thinking; Children's vocabulary has grown rapidly and they have basically mastered various grammatical structures; Children begin to show certain interests, hobbies, temper and other personality tendencies, as well as the tendency to play with their peers.

Main points of family education guidance content

(1) Strengthen children's nutrition, health care and physical exercise. Guide parents to lead their children to actively carry out physical exercise; According to children's personal characteristics, find a scientific, reasonable and acceptable diet for children; Scientifically match children's diet, so as to achieve balanced nutrition, diverse types, appropriate proportion, quantitative diet and proper deployment; Constantly learn new ideas and knowledge about children's nutrition.

(2) Cultivate children's good living and hygiene habits. Guide parents and children to work out their children's family life and rest system; Actively use rewards and neglect to correct and eliminate children's bad behaviors and hobbies; Lead children to have regular health check-ups.

Extended data:

Do a good job in safety education to reduce children's accidental injuries. Guide parents to improve safety awareness and eliminate harmful factors in the living room and surrounding environment as much as possible; Use good examples to influence, educate and enlighten children; Combined with children's life and study, safety education is given to children in the process of * * * participation to improve their life consciousness; Pay attention to children's physical fitness and improve their self-protection ability through activities.

Cultivate children's good interpersonal skills. Guide parents to pay attention to their children's daily communication behavior and give timely help and guidance to their communication attitudes, behaviors and skills; Pay attention to cultivating children's interests, hobbies and specialties, and enhance their self-confidence in communication; Carry out role-playing games to help children practice social skills at home, actively create opportunities for children to communicate with their peers, and cultivate children's habit and quality of being willing to communicate with others.

7- 12 years old children's psychological development characteristics 2 1, sports ability

Both small muscles and big muscles have been greatly developed, and they can complete a variety of labor and games.

2. Language ability

During this period, children gradually mastered the subtle differences in pronunciation in spoken language and began to enter the period of written language development.

3. Cognitive ability

3. 1, the development of perception

In this period, children's perception of things is general, and they often only pay attention to superficial phenomena and individual characteristics, and their perception of time and space characteristics is not perfect; With the deepening of the teaching process, students' intentional and purposeful consciousness has developed obviously. They can distinguish basic features and needed things from perceived objects, and their ability to distinguish time units and spatial relations is gradually enhanced.

3.2, the development of imagination

During this period, the consciousness and purpose of children's imagination were rapidly enhanced, creative imagination developed significantly, the content of imagination was gradually enriched, and the reality of imagination was greatly improved.

3.3, the development of thinking

During this period, although I have a certain ability of abstract generalization and mastered some concepts, I can judge and reason preliminarily, but my thinking level is still very low on the whole. There are many concrete images, and the thinking process often depends on concrete appearances, so it is not easy to understand textbooks that are abstract or have little connection with his experience. Thinking also has great dependence and imitation, and the ability of independent and flexible thinking is poor. I am not good at subordinating my thinking activities to certain goals and tasks, and I am often attracted by some irrelevant things when I think about problems, so that I leave the original goals and tasks.

3.4, pay attention to development

During this period, children's attention range is narrow and they are not good at distracting. If they are asked to focus on several things at the same time, they often can't do it. Their attention is still unstable and unfocused, and they are easily distracted by irrelevant things. The concentration time can reach 15-20 minutes.

3.5, emotion, will and personality development.

In the aspect of emotional development, the emotions caused by social factors such as study, peers and teachers began to occupy the main position. There is a sense of reason, collective honor and responsibility, which is related to the success or failure of learning and class collective. The child's emotional expression is exposed and difficult to maintain. At this time, if the academic pressure is too heavy, it is easy to have school phobia, social withdrawal and aggressive behavior. Peer plays an increasingly important role in children's life, showing obvious obedience or peer tendency to peers. Began to form a "small group" with little cohesion on the basis of similar interests. There is a clear division of interest activities between boys and girls. From the perspective of personality development, at this time, children's personality characteristics are more obvious, and they begin to evaluate themselves according to the evaluations of adults and peers. In the process of learning, personality qualities related to learning are gradually formed, such as diligence or laziness, carefulness or carelessness, discipline or laxity. In moral judgment, it has developed from focusing only on the consequences of behavior to considering behavioral motives. Moral behavior is not yet stable.

How should parents face their children?

1, learn to be friends with children.

Children of this age already have their own social circle, with many classmates and friends. They want to be equal to their parents, rather than still being "ruled". Parents should try to avoid ordering their children to do this and that, but should put down their posture and learn to be friends with their children. When a child helps to do something, you might as well say "thank you" to him.

2. Affirm the child's progress

Although the child at this stage is very naughty, he just wants to get the attention of his parents in a special way. Their hearts are very eager to be affirmed. As parents of children, parents should pay more attention to their behavior. Once there is progress, it is necessary to affirm and encourage it in time, which will also help children quickly get through the stage of "dogs are too disrespectful to people".

3. Guide children with "opposition"

At this time, children like to confront their parents best. Parents may wish to take advantage of this and try to confront their children. For example, when children can't sit and eat normally, you might as well say to them, "I bet that no matter how long you grow, most of you can't sit and can't even eat a bowl of rice." The child may sit up straight at once, eat, and then proudly say, "Are you wrong?" Parents should pay attention to their tone when they take this approach, and don't yell at them very angrily. It's best to make a gentle joke.

Characteristics of psychological development of children aged 7- 12 3 0 1 year. Self-awareness is enhanced and courage is greater.

Many parents and teachers report that it is the most difficult stage to manage students from the fourth grade, but it is not clear why it is difficult to manage. In fact, the most fundamental reason here is that children's self-awareness is playing a role at this stage.

On the surface, the enhancement of self-awareness means that children look at people and do things according to their own wishes and ideas, but from the perspective of the motivation of psychological activities, they are often observing words and observing emotions or moving with the wind.

Just like students who often violate discipline in class, classmates at the same table or around them are easily influenced and driven. This kind of booing phenomenon not only makes individual children who take the lead in booing feel good about themselves, but more importantly, they can violate the rules or disciplines at will by gaining psychological advantages.

And the teacher can't do anything about them. Once their self-awareness deviates, they will soon become problem students or children.

02. Self-control and self-discipline began to polarize.

Between study and play, all family education is good, and ten-year-old children often show relatively good self-control and self-discipline awareness.

Parents who do not attach importance to family education and use wrong concepts, means and methods in parenting often make their children more inclined to want to play than to learn in the choice of learning and playing.

At home, due to the enhancement of children's self-awareness, once parents lack prestige and single means of discipline, parents will become more and more difficult to discipline, and even affect their normal life and learning order. Therefore, the conflict between parents and children is on the rise.

03. The sense of order declines and procrastination intensifies.

Children aged 7- 12 begin to have their own behavior. As long as you are not interested, you will be absent-minded even if you do your homework and attend classes at home. Intuitively, these behaviors show that attention begins to decline, parents or teachers can listen to instructions or not, and then the sense of order declines.

It is very obvious that the decline of order leads to the decline of academic level. Most of them don't really care about the decline in their grades, but they can't do anything because they lack a sense of order. Sometimes parents, despite urging, can't see their children's real learning efficiency, because these are hidden.

Sense of order is generally divided into behavioral order and inner order. If children don't have good time consciousness and time management ability, they will show procrastination and procrastination in daily life.

Once the urging of parents or teachers causes their disgust, it will also involve the chaos of children's inner order. In other words, when they should be doing things or studying normally, they are thinking about other things and can't concentrate.

04. Self-esteem is stronger, but it is also fragile and sensitive.

It is not difficult to understand that every child has a strong self-esteem. Any child wants to be appreciated and praised by others, but in real life, children of this age often do something wrong because of the decline of self-control, which leads to criticism. This makes their self-esteem sensitive.

In order to maintain their self-esteem, parents will see that their children are always reasonable, and the phenomenon of lying will increase. Sometimes even if you lie, you will come with your mouth open. Therefore, it is a test for parents. If you put the maintenance of children's self-esteem in the first place, you should be extra cautious in educating and guiding children after they have done something wrong.

At this time, parents can't go straight to the subject as before, but should collect evidence, or choose the opportunity to euphemistically suggest, or focus on education after the child has made several mistakes, so that the child can truly realize the mistakes.

05. Cognition and discrimination have improved, but they are not comprehensive.

In this period, children's cognition of things is basically no problem, mainly because children have learned a lot of knowledge from the classroom and mastered a lot of knowledge from various information channels. It is because they have mastered a lot of knowledge that they have made great progress in understanding the world and themselves.

However, both boys and girls are not mature in cognition and discrimination, and their views on some things are one-sided. For some things, they are prone to deadlock or turn to a dead end.

If parents or teachers can reasonably guide and analyze, children are more likely to accept suggestions or opinions and then do what they should do.

Of course, this also creates difficulties for paternalism, because many parents often lack patience, tend to ignore respect and understanding when guiding their children, and still use past mandatory orders to ask their children to do things, which often leads to contradictions or refusal.