Chaoshan people are very particular about wedding customs. In the past, they paid more attention to "official media are recruiting." Although the customs vary from place to place, the more consistent expressions and ceremonies are: marriage proposal, engagement, hiring people, inviting guests, and welcoming relatives, commonly known as "six gifts." It is also summarized as "four rituals": writing, inviting, sending, hiring and marrying. Asking the media to propose marriage engagement "proposal" "marriage" and "engagement", that is, the "four rituals". First, the matchmaker went to the man's house and the woman's house to propose marriage. After obtaining the consent of the woman's family, the matchmaker will go to the woman's family to ask her name, date of birth, place of origin and three generations of ancestors, and write a wedding letter and send it to the man. If nothing unlucky happens in the man's house within three days (commonly known as "three-day shun"), it will be convenient for the man to hand over his letter of appointment to the woman, and both sides can divine the marriage (commonly known as the time). Engagement, also known as betrothal, betrothal and fixed food, is a gift prepared by the man and an engagement at the woman's house. Gifts are usually a pair of gold earrings or a gold ring, as well as cakes, sweets and so on. The woman must return the gift. When engaged, the man will go to the woman's house to "eat", usually eating sweet eggs or sweet noodles (if there are four sweet eggs, only two can be eaten; If there are two, you can only eat one, and the other should be split in two with chopsticks. Both men and women should send cakes and sweet noodle soup to relatives, friends and neighbors (remember that wine, cakes and sugar used to make people happy) and report that their marriage has been decided. Arranging dowry "engagement", also known as "sending engagement", is a grand ceremony, and there are strict regulations on the types of marriage documents and betrothal gifts. Before the Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, rich people sent gold and silver colored satin, as well as pigs, sheep and wine. In addition to chicken wine, poor families also send betel nuts; Most places will also send pork, commonly known as "washing excrement meat", to show their gratitude to the woman's parents. In the 1960s and 1970s, besides gold and silver, radios (televisions), bicycles, sewing machines and watches were also given. At present, most of them are paid employment After receiving the betrothal gift from the man, the woman was rehired and given certain gifts, mainly including: mandarin duck and banana (double I banana, indicating the close relationship between husband and wife), pig liver and pig heart (indicating that the liver and gallbladder are United), and one male and one hen (symbolizing the harmony between mandarin duck and wings). When the woman is re-employed, she should also consider the elderly in the man's class. If her mother (grandmother) is in class, give her a "mother cake"; Father-in-law is in the hall, giving "husband cake". Before sending the pig heart to the man's house, the woman's house must cut a piece, cook it with sugar and onions, and eat it with the woman; After the man's family receives the pig's heart and liver from the woman, it should also be cooked with sugar and onions and eaten with family and relatives, which means "men and women are one." Invitation is also called "choosing a date", "sending an appointment" and "keeping an appointment". After the appointment, the man chooses the auspicious day of the wedding, including cutting the wedding dress, "holding the face" and taking a bath, determining the time and hour of the wedding and informing the woman. At this time, relatives and friends of both men and women should give gifts. The gift for the woman is called "sending pollen". In addition to preparing the dowry, the woman should also prepare special items to carry when she gets married, mainly including: 1. Five pairs of "sedan chair shoes", one pair in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and one pair of water shoes, indicate that the husband and wife share joys and sorrows and jointly walk the road of the future; Second, black silk and white silk are juxtaposed, which means that after marriage, you will have a son early, and the husband and wife will grow old together; The third is a bowl of dried longan with orange cake (commonly known as "in-laws' bowl"), which is used to worship "flower parents" when they are newly married, symbolizing the sweetness of life, and "Guilin is full of grandchildren"; The fourth is powder and five-color silk thread. Before marriage, the woman should use silk thread to "pull her face", which means "opening the forehead" (starting to be sensible and managing the family), and she should also "pull her face" after four months of marriage, commonly known as "pulling her job". The silk thread used in "Holding Face" should be hung on pomegranate flowers; Fifth, five-color seeds such as red shell, wine cake, mung bean, early millet, sesame and so on. , which means "the five sons are admitted to the branch", and the fortune is prosperous; Six, "Yuanyang belly bag" (also known as "purse" and "waist bag") is used to hold five-color seeds, newly cut "Yuanyang grass" (two coarse grasses) and a pair of "ruyi", which means that married couples are in pairs and are lucky. Seventh, the handkerchief is twisted with brown sugar. The bride should twist a handkerchief wrapped in brown sugar in her hand at the beginning of her wedding. When you arrive at your husband's house, before you build a well, you should pour brown sugar into the well to express the bride's wish of "closing the door and caring for others". Eight are "flower heads", fans (homophonic "send children") and so on. In the old society, wealthy families married women, in addition to dowry and the above-mentioned special items, they also married fields and even longevity boards (coffins); Now he marries an electric appliance, a motorcycle or a car. The last ceremony of the grand wedding ceremony is the "wedding", that is, the man goes to the woman's house to marry the bride. There are two forms of wedding reception: first, the groom comes to pick up the bride; First of all, send a "lucky person" to pick up the bride, the groom will wait at his door, and the bride will be accompanied by a bridesmaid ... >>
What is the wedding custom in Chaoshan? 1. engaged.
Cai Zemin's Chaozhou Customs Records recorded the wedding procedures in Chaozhou in detail, and now it is copied as follows:
Propose, also known as propose. That is, the matchmaker proposes to the man, or the matchmaker introduces the woman to the man first, and then proposes to the woman after the man approves.
Marriage has two links. After the two sides propose marriage, the matchmaker writes the woman's name, birthday, place of origin and ancestor on the Geng sticker and sends it to the man. If nothing unexpected or unlucky happens in the man's house within three days, such as throwing bowls and basins, it is called "three days is good" With this good sign, the man agreed to exchange posts with Geng. After changing the Geng post, please ask someone to divine and get married to confirm whether the men and women are born together or together; If we agree, the marriage will have to break up.
Engagement, entering the engagement stage after marriage, that is, the man prepares gifts for the woman to get engaged. Gifts are usually a pair of gold earrings or a gold ring, as well as a gold necklace, sugar and noodles, which are all symbols of engagement. When the woman is engaged, she should give candy and cakes to her relatives and neighbors, inform them of their engagement, and then engage in bride price.
Hire, also known as rent. In the past, the bride price of rich people was gold and silver, colored satin, pigs, sheep and wine. The poor are betel nuts and chicken wine. Chaozhou people regards betel nut as an auspicious symbol and a distinctive employment gift. Modern bride price includes physical objects and cash. There must be more than four items: sugar, noodles, Daji (Chaozhou orange), gold and silver jewelry, cloth, cakes and so on. , but they must not be odd numbers, but even numbers. Cash, also called bride price money, is divided into one, two and four, but they are all multiples. When buying and selling marriage is quite popular, the amount of engagement money becomes the key to the success or failure of marriage. In order to avoid naked bargaining, the two sides called the engaged US dollar bill "tea ware", making it the reward for the woman's parents to have children. The "tea instrument" takes a load of tea as the unit, and the two sides run at both ends through the matchmaker, set a load that is satisfactory to both sides, and then exchange it for cash at the market price before hiring. Some men advance some "tea ware" as early as the engagement stage, which is the most typical commercialization of buying and selling marriage (after liberation, this kind of buying and selling marriage has basically disappeared in Chaoshan area). During the engagement, the woman should return the cake and food in the engagement, and give back "mandarin ducks and bananas", oranges, pig hearts and so on. Yuanyang and banana are two bananas that coexist, symbolizing a hundred years old; The orange homonym "Ji" symbolizes good luck; The pig's heart (half left in the woman's body) symbolizes concentricity. At this time, the two sides will also solemnly distribute cakes and food from each other's gifts to relatives and neighbors to report the wedding. Friends and neighbors should also congratulate them in return.
Please invite. After the engagement ceremony, you should choose the date of marriage and tell the woman, including telling her when to cut the wedding dress, when to "pull your face" (when to open your face, that is, twist the hair off your face with a thread), when to take a shower and when to get married. Most of the invitations are invited in the dark, and the hipster custom still retains the wedding custom of welcoming the bride in the dark, which is really an ancient heritage. In ancient times, weddings always ended in fainting, so wedding ceremonies must be held after dusk or even late at night. Therefore, Interpretation of Names defines marriage and says, "When you get married, you become a gift when you are unconscious; Marriage, female media also. " "White tiger Yi Tong? Marriage also says, "What is a married person? Salute when you are unconscious, so it is called marriage. "
When Raoping girls in eastern Guangdong reach marriageable age, in order to pray for a satisfactory husband, they always run to the vegetable garden in droves at the Lantern Festival night to sit on mustard (commonly known as Chinese cabbage) and pray devoutly: "Sit on Chinese cabbage and marry a good husband in the future." If the child is older and the marriage is delayed, parents are of course anxious. Therefore, they often ask others for a straw rope to tie tobacco leaves, take it home and say loudly: "Anu's marriage star is floating."
When the Raoping man gives the bride price or betrothal gift to the woman, the woman will give back a piece of cut and undamaged pork, which is called "Yuanyang meat" to show "flesh and blood". The bride pays more attention to bathing and changing clothes before marriage: the flowers or leaves of pomegranate and other 12 plants must be placed in the bathtub. After bathing, the bride can sit in the bathtub and eat two boiled eggs, praying for a smooth birth after marriage. Moreover, the clothes worn by the bride can't be sewn inside and outside, which is intended not to take away the luck of their parents.
Second, the wedding
The wedding ceremony is the ceremony for the groom to marry the bride at the woman's house, and it is also the most important procedure in the wedding. There are two kinds of wedding banquets: one is the groom's wedding banquet, and the other is that the man invites a "lucky man" to meet him. Before the groom gets married, the bride wants to "divide the rice", that is, give a lot of rice mixed with coins to her brothers and sisters at home, indicating that ... >>
What is the wedding custom in Chaoshan? With the development of the times, the wedding of Chaoshan people is more and more full of the flavor of the times. Many young men and women have long since got rid of the marriage custom of "parents' orders and matchmakers' words". However, traditional weddings still exist. Propose, also known as propose. That is, the matchmaker proposes to the man, or the matchmaker introduces the woman to the man first, and then proposes to the woman after the man approves. Get married. Here are two links. After the two sides agreed to get married, the matchmaker wrote the woman's name, birthday, place of origin and ancestors on the Geng sticker and sent it to the man. If nothing unexpected or unlucky happens in the man's house within three days, such as throwing bowls and basins, it is called "three days is good" With this good sign, the man agreed to exchange posts with Geng. After changing the Geng post, please ask someone to divine and get married to confirm whether men and women are born together or together. Engaged. Enter the engagement stage after marriage, that is, the man prepares the gift and the woman is engaged. Gifts are usually a pair of gold earrings or a gold ring, as well as a gold necklace, sugar and noodles, which are all symbols of engagement. When the woman is engaged, she should give candy and cakes to her relatives and neighbors, inform them of their engagement, and then engage in bride price. Hire, also known as rent. In the past, the bride price of rich people was gold and silver, colored satin, pig and sheep wine and fruit; The poor are betel nuts and chicken wine. Chaozhou people regards betel nut as an auspicious symbol and a distinctive employment gift. Modern bride price includes physical objects and cash. There must be more than four items: sugar, noodles, Daji (Chaozhou orange), gold and silver jewelry, cloth, cakes and so on. , but they must not be odd numbers, but even numbers. Cash, also called bride price money, is divided into one, two and four, but they are all multiples. During the engagement, the woman should return the cake and food in the engagement, and give back "mandarin ducks and bananas", oranges, pig hearts and so on. Yuanyang and banana are two bananas that coexist, symbolizing a hundred years old; The orange homonym "Ji" symbolizes good luck; The pig's heart (half left in the woman's body) symbolizes concentricity. At this time, the two sides will also solemnly distribute cakes and food from each other's gifts to relatives and neighbors to report the wedding. Friends and neighbors should also congratulate them in return. Invitation date, after the engagement ceremony, choose the date of marriage and tell the woman, including telling her when to cut the wedding dress, when to "pull a face", when to take a shower and when to get married. Most of the invitations are invited in the dark, and the hipster custom still retains the wedding custom of welcoming the bride in the dark, which is really an ancient heritage. The wedding ceremony is the ceremony for the groom to marry the bride at the woman's house, and it is also the most important procedure in the wedding. There are two kinds of wedding banquets: one is the groom's wedding banquet, and the other is that the man invites a "lucky man" to meet him. At this time, the bride often burst into tears, which is called "crying marriage". On the one hand, I cry for being away from my parents. On the other hand, it is said that only tears can make my parents rich. When the sedan chair comes to the door of her husband's family, they will set off firecrackers to welcome her. The groom kicked off the sedan chair, rolled up the curtain, pulled off the wishful thinking on the bride's head and put on airs on her forehead. Kicking a sedan chair and tying a greeting message are intended to give the bride a fright: everything must be as her husband wishes in the future. This is a hint of husband's power. Then the bride stepped over a pile of burning "fire smoke" under the threshold with the help of the bridesmaid. After the bride entered the room, accompanied by the "mother-in-law" invited by her husband's family, she "married" the groom, entered the bridal chamber, and served tea to her elders and peers in the main room. At this time, the green mother will recite carols beside her. On the bride's wedding day, her family will give her husband lily soup. May the bride please everyone in her husband's family. The next day, I sent the bride a soup of fungus and pig heart, hoping that the bride would not forget her family and relatives. Only for the third time can I stay at my parents' house for a few days and talk about my feelings of missing my parents. Girls here also have the custom of giving money to their sisters when they get married. The "sister money" is given by the groom who came to marry to the younger brothers and sisters who sent the bride on the road. Generally, 4 yuan's score is 4.8. Give your sister money to a man and a woman to show "good". 448 points, meaning "the world is good" and "the world is not divided (separated)". The groom should hold a solemn ceremony of "fixing the bed" when decorating the new house. When I was in bed, I asked the fortune teller to choose a date, and the orientation of the bed was also particular. When you are in bed, you should do "four sentences" for good luck. When the bride wears heavy makeup and gets on the sedan chair, the bride's family will pour a basin of water on the sedan chair and say, "When the water is poured on the sedan chair, the bride will become new." Send my best wishes to the married bride. However, of course, it is no longer a sedan chair, but bicycles or motorcycles and cars. In the past, the bride had to have two pairs of wooden shoes in her dowry, which not only facilitated her daily life, but also meant "growing old together" or "following suit". After the bride enters the door, she has to get up early to cook and cook a bowl of fragrant rice by herself. The old man, the old woman and her husband's brothers and sisters got up and invited them to taste some. ......& gt& gt
What steps does it take to marry a daughter in Chaoshan? Poetry (Concise) Marrying Chaoshan's daughter is one of the four major events in the family. Folk customs are deeply rooted and passed down from generation to generation. People follow traditional etiquette and place their best wishes on wedding etiquette, which has a strong local color and forms an interesting folk custom in Chaoshan area. ...
The matchmaker proposes marriage, and after both parties agree, the engagement is feasible if the birthdays of the two parties coincide, and their lives in their respective homes are normal within three days, and there are no unlucky things such as throwing bowls and buckets. No matter how much money is engaged, it must not be odd but absolutely even, and the denomination must be large and small. The bride price money should always be placed face up, with more below and less above, rolled into a tube, sealed with red paper, and then wrapped as a token (a souvenir from the man to the woman). This maintains that men and women have very different generations, big and small, and they are in pairs. If the bride price is not given by the man personally but by the old man to the woman, if the old man is not married, his parents should be alive; Married couples should be in pairs. Because "there is no wrong right in marriage, wrong right is not right", for good luck, I won the lottery.
On top of her daughter's dowry, there is a bunch of branches, which is a gift specially given to her daughter by her mother and named "Qingtou". "Qingtou" is very interesting, because in rural areas, a man whose husband does what his wife should do and obeys his wife is called "Qingtou". The "green head" that a mother gives her daughter is to let her son-in-law be the "green head". When the dowry arrives at the husband-in-law's door, let the "green head" enter first, and then the dowry giver will put it on the top shelf of the newlyweds' bed for the groom to see at any time, reminding him to always be considerate and loving his wife and be a veritable "model husband".
The daughter will share the money with her brother on their wedding day. Mother put the money and rice on the dustpan or bamboo curtain and shook it hard, thinking, "After the dustpan is round, the children and grandchildren will get rich;" Even, have a male grandson next year. "Then divide the money into two parts according to the number of brothers and daughters. The daughter took the rice money and put it in a special Chinese-style belly pocket with the engagement token. On the third day at my husband's house, I put the money and rice into his rice jar and gave it to her husband for safekeeping. In addition, the woman should put money in the clothes and utensils she married, and put money in every bag, implicitly wishing the newlyweds a happy family and wealth from generation to generation. On the morning of her daughter's wedding, she will have breakfast with her parents and brothers, and other women can't sit at the table. If parents or brothers are away because of something, they should also prepare a table and fill their meals with bowls and spoons, indicating that the circle is full. At breakfast, parents wish their daughters a long and healthy life, a happy family and all the best. My daughter eats pork liver and fried onions. She is smart, filial to her parents-in-law, caring for the younger generation and living in harmony with her neighbors. It's called pork liver fried with onions, which will make you "smart" (meaning smart).
After the daughter gets married, she should bow and kowtow to her parents in return for their parenting. The moral is: when parents, parents and daughters grow up, they have to set foot on a new life, be daughters-in-law, and cannot wait on their parents at home. I hope her parents will take care of themselves and wish them happiness and a long life. Parents hold their daughters in their hands, accept their blessings and send them out. At this time, the daughter is like a bird leaving the nest. She cried because of her deep affection for the child. This emotional phenomenon is called crying for my brother to get rich and wishing him wealth. A son is the heart of a mother. For the sake of her daughter's happiness, the mother should also spray "safflower water" when her daughter goes out, saying: "safflower water, sprayed on the sedan chair,' walking the boy' becomes a lady's milk; Safflower water, sprayed into the sky,' line' inside the customs. " Express my hope for my daughter's happy new life, and at the same time, as a parting message for her daughter to treat others in the future.
In her daughter's dowry, there is a box of sewing needles and a bone comb specially prepared by her mother for her daughter. Dowry can be small, but needles and combs are indispensable. When the daughter arrives at her in-laws' house, she sends needles to her in-laws and grandparents of her neighbors. Folklore is to sew a woman's mouth with a needle, hoping to teach everything; The person who receives the needle is called a daughter-in-law, who knows books, etiquette and mystery. Even if the bride is a little surly, she can forgive her feelings and reduce the trouble when she wants to give the needle. Another popular saying about sending needles to comb your hair is that the daughter-in-law should "sew" her mouth with a needle, and don't parrot and provoke trouble; Be sensible and wise when things go wrong, be as hard as a bone comb, be as smooth as a comb, and do things in an orderly way. (End) I had dinner with my friends last night ... >>
About Chaoshan wedding custom, this is called Huimen.
The marriage customs in Chaoshan are different from those in Chaoshan. Just listen to the elders there.
What is the custom of Chaoshan people to marry? Several matchmakers acted as witnesses to the arranged marriage.
It used to be popular that all child marriages should follow the ancient teachings and customs, pay attention to etiquette, and have three media and six certificates.
Three kinds of media: one is "the words of a matchmaker", and the marriage of children should be arranged by a matchmaker to convey the respective situation between men and women; The second is "the life of parents". The parents of the two children believed the matchmaker's words and thought that they could fix it after consideration and allowed their marriage; The third is "trust in things." After the parents of both men and women allow their children to get married, both men and women give each other things as keepsakes and enter into marriage.
Six certificates: six daily necessities for the bride to leave home: raising a child and measuring how much food there is at home, which is convenient for careful planning and frugality; Scissors, used to cut clothes; Ruler, used to measure clothes and make cloth, with fixed length, width and width; Mirror, used to look at your face and beautify yourself; Scale, used to weigh things, easy to buy and sell; Abacus, used to clear accounts and know the balance of payments.
Three media and six certificates are a necessity in Chaoshan marriage customs and an ancient measure. Legal standards of women's marriage.
Propose marriage
Proposing marriage, that is, accepting marriage in ancient times, is commonly known as asking the matchmaker to propose marriage, that is, the matchmaker goes to the man to propose marriage, or the matchmaker introduces the woman's situation to the man first, and then asks the matchmaker to propose marriage to the woman's house after the man approves it.
In the past, only marriages decided by matchmakers and parents were considered legal. During the Republic of China, the trend of freedom of marriage and love has affected urban and rural areas, and parents gradually took care of their children's opinions. However, even in the case of two of a kind, many people still rely on the media to ask for relatives, so as to avoid sexual intercourse, which conforms to the rural rules and regulations. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, * * * stipulated the autonomy of marriage, abolished feudal buying and selling and arranged marriage, and the marriage law was well implemented in urban and rural areas, gradually abolishing the barriers of agency. In the past 20 years, civil affairs departments and people have set up some marriage agencies to lead some unsociable older youth to bridge the gap and pave the way to meet the requirements of many men and women.
marry
Marriage, that is, asking names in ancient times, is that after both men and women agree to propose marriage, the matchmaker writes the woman's name, date of birth, place of origin and ancestors into three generations and gives them to the man. The man's family invited both men and women to ask Xingbu's family for their birthdays. After calculation, the astrologer thinks that the personalities of the two sides can be combined and the zodiac will not conflict, that is, stick men and women on red paper and press them in front of the kitchen god with two bowls of clear water. After three days, if they are as clean as ever, they are lucky, but if they fall into the dirt, it is unfortunate. Light two incense sticks at the same time. If it is burned cleanly, it means that the couple can grow old together. If it is not cooked neatly, it means that two people are not lovers of the same life and cannot get married. And if nothing unexpected and unlucky happens in the man's house within three days, such as the sudden illness of parents and brothers, the death of livestock, the breaking of plates and so on. This is called "three days good". With this good sign, the man agreed to change jobs with Geng. The family of the woman who changed the post asked someone to divine the marriage and confirm whether the man and the woman were born together or together. If they are together, their marriage will be ruined. If they are born together, they will enter the engagement stage.
"Yili? "The Scholars" records that the ancient name-asking ceremony was "Bin Yan Zhi (a migratory bird that falls in the south and freezes in the north). What's its name?" After the owner agreed, Bin entered the room and began to say "Ask the name": "Who dares to ask the name of a woman?" Ask a woman's name in a modest tone. The divination mentioned here refers to the divination of men and women's birthdays, yin and yang, such as marriage, good or bad luck and so on. The name asking ceremony is the most superstitious part of the wedding. When divining, we should consider many taboos such as age, zodiac, and whether the five elements are in harmony.
Birth taboo: the custom of hipsters is generally that men are older than women, but it is forbidden to differ by three or six years. Superstition says that it is "three-year-old punishment" and "six-year-old rush": after marriage, the family is not harmonious, and the six-year difference conflicts with each other, so the husband and wife cannot grow old together; The 13th day of the first month, 11th day of February, 9th day of March, 7th day of April, 5th day of May, 3rd day of June, 1st day of July, 27th day of August, 25th day of September, 23rd day of October, 21st day of November and 19th day of December in a year are respectively "Yang Gong's Day of Death". It is very unlucky to marry a woman born in these days. It is considered that "sheep" and "yang" are homophonic, so women who avoid sheep are born on "taboo days"; Because June 6th is a popular "Ghost Festival", women born on this day are also avoided. In addition, it is also forbidden to marry a woman born in the year of "Breaking the Moon".
Zodiac taboo: Chaoshan people think that the zodiac is connected with personality, and people's temperament is similar to the zodiac. Zodiac taboos are mainly aimed at women. If the woman is a tiger, the tiger is fierce and will be angry. Especially avoid women born in the middle of the night, thinking that such women are tigers who go down the mountain to feed, and they should never marry; The mountain tiger was born after midnight, and the tiger is full ... >>
What are the taboos of Chaoshan marriage customs? Before welcoming the bride, the groom should hold a solemn ceremony of "fixing the bed" when decorating the new house. To choose an auspicious day to make a bed, the orientation of the head of the bed is also particular. After putting the bed on the bed, put a note on the bed saying "Good luck in bed" and "Here comes Kirin", and then ask a boy to lie in bed for a while, indicating that he wants to have a baby early.