How to eat staple food from January to June?
1, start breastfeeding as soon as possible after delivery, and insist that the first food for newborns is breast milk. Newborns have the strongest sucking reflex at 10-30 minutes after birth, so it is beneficial for newborns to establish breastfeeding by sucking and opening milk within 30 minutes after delivery.
Adhere to exclusive breastfeeding within 2.6 months. Breast milk contains 88% water, so you don't need to drink extra water for your baby, so as not to affect the intake of breast milk, and it is easy to be malnourished in the last period.
3. Adapt to feeding and establish a good life pattern. Feeding on demand does not limit the frequency and duration of breastfeeding. Generally, the number of breast-feeding in 24 hours is 8- 10. As the baby grows up, the number of breast-feeding is gradually reduced to 6 times.
4. A few days after birth, the newborn begins to supplement vitamin D without calcium supplementation. After the newborn is discharged from the hospital, it is suggested to start supplementing vitamin D preparation 400IU/ day, that is, 10ug/ day; Because breast milk is rich in calcium, infants aged 0-6 months do not need calcium supplementation.
5. Infant formula is a helpless choice when breastfeeding is impossible. Infant formula milk powder is not an ideal food, and formula milk powder is only selected when breastfeeding is impossible for various reasons.
2. How to eat the staple food from June to June+February?
After the baby is 6 months old, breast milk is still the baby's main food, so it is also a good source of dietary nutrition, which can meet some nutritional needs of the baby at this period. However, at this time, breast milk alone can no longer meet all the nutritional needs of babies. On the basis of continuing breastfeeding, more food other than breast milk should be provided to infants step by step and carefully to meet their nutritional needs. Therefore, it is very necessary to list the feeding guidelines for infants aged 6 ~ 12 months separately to meet the growth, development and nutritional needs of infants of this age. While advocating continuous breastfeeding, it is necessary to popularize the scientific parenting knowledge of adding complementary food in time and prepare for weaning.
1. Give priority to breastfeeding and continue breastfeeding.
Babies aged 6-65438+2 months should take milk as the main source of nutrition. It is suggested that 600-800 ml of milk should be guaranteed every day to ensure the normal physical and intellectual development of infants. Breast milk is still the first choice for babies. It is recommended that infants continue breastfeeding from 6 to 65438+2 months. If breast milk can't meet the needs of babies, it can be supplemented with older infant formula. For infants aged 6 ~ 12 months who can't breastfeed, it is also recommended to choose age-appropriate formula.
2. Add complementary food in a timely and reasonable manner.
From the age of six months, it is necessary to gradually compensate the baby for some non-dairy foods, including liquid foods such as fruit juice and vegetable juice, semi-solid foods such as rice, fruit paste and vegetable paste, and solid foods such as soft rice, rotten noodles and fruits and vegetables cut into small pieces. This kind of food is called complementary food, or "complementary food" for short. The sequence of adding complementary food is: first add cereals (such as nutritious rice for infants), then add vegetable juice/mud, then add fruit juice/mud, and finally add animal foods (such as custard, fish, poultry, animal meat sauce, meat floss, etc.). ). It is suggested that the order of adding animal food is: egg yolk paste, fish paste (boneless and pricked), whole egg (such as steamed egg soup) and minced meat.
The principle of adding complementary food is: add a new food at a time, from less to more, from thin to thick, step by step; Gradually increase the types of complementary food; Gradually transition from semi-solid to solid food. Semi-solid foods (such as rice paste, vegetable paste, fruit paste, egg yolk paste, fish paste, etc.) are recommended. ) should be added at the age of six months. Semi-solid food can be gradually transformed into chewy soft solid food (such as rotten noodles, broken vegetables, whole eggs and minced meat) at the age of seven to nine months, and most babies can gradually switch to it at the age of 10 ~ 12 months.
3. Try a variety of foods, with less sugar, no salt and no seasoning.
When the baby is 6 months old, the arrangement of each meal can gradually start to try to match cereals, vegetables and animal foods, and arrange fruits every day. Babies should gradually begin to try and be familiar with a variety of foods, especially vegetables, and gradually transition to a separate meal composed of other foods except milk. With the growth of age, we should also increase the types and quantity of food and adjust the number of meals according to the needs of babies, which can be gradually increased to three meals a day (excluding the number of milk meals). Limit the intake of fruit juice or avoid providing drinks with low nutritional value, so as not to affect eating. When making complementary food, sugar, salt and seasoning should be put as little as possible, but a small amount of edible oil can be added.
4. Gradually let the baby eat by himself and cultivate good eating behavior.
It is suggested to feed the baby with a spoon. Babies aged 7-8 months should be allowed to help themselves with food or grab food. 10- 12 months old, they should be encouraged to eat with spoons, which can exercise the coordination function of hands and eyes and promote the development of fine movements.
5. Regularly monitor the growth and development.
Growth and development indicators such as body length and weight reflect the nutritional status of infants, and infants aged 6 ~ 12 months should still be measured regularly every month.
6. Pay attention to food hygiene
Cooking and dining environment should be hygienic, tableware should be thoroughly disinfected, food should be stored reasonably to prevent corruption, strictly control the spread of diseases and prevent food poisoning. Supplementary food for babies should be prepared and eaten as needed, and the remaining food should not be stored and discarded.
3. How to eat staple food at the age of 1-3?
Growth and development characteristics of 1-3 years old;
1. The growth and development speed is still very fast. 1-3-year-old baby, although the growth and development speed is slower than that of infancy, it is still very fast, and the demand for various nutrients is still very high. In addition, weaning from breast milk is a dietary transition stage in which weaned food is transformed into staple food. Therefore, more attention should be paid to ensuring the supply of various nutrients and heat energy.
2. The gastrointestinal digestive function is still not perfect, and the baby's teeth are gradually growing. When I was 2 years old, I was basically all together, and my chewing and digestion ability was greatly enhanced compared with that of infancy. But the teeth are not completely aligned, and the chewing ability is still relatively poor. In addition, gastrointestinal peristalsis and regulation ability are low, and the activities of various digestive enzymes are far less than those of adults. Therefore, the digestive function is not fully developed, and diseases are prone to occur.
There is a great demand for protein. All the organs and tissues of the baby are under construction, and there is a great demand for protein, especially the growth and development of the brain, otherwise it will affect the intellectual development. The muscles of the body also develop rapidly, especially the muscles of the lower limbs, buttocks and back.
1-3-year-old baby five meals a day recipe example:
8: 00 am-180g milk or soybean milk, one egg and half a bowl of porridge10: 00 am-150ml bottled original orange juice or 12: 00 am fresh orange -75g flower rolls, half a bowl of rice porridge and mashed potatoes. After dinner, one apple at 3:00 p.m.-180g milk at 6: 00 p.m.-50g soft rice, and chicken broth (chicken 15g, one egg white, 30g spinach puree and 5g oil).
1-3-year-old baby's dietary principles:
1. Pay attention to dairy products.
Teeth are not fully developed, and the ability to chew solid food (especially meat) is limited, which limits protein's intake. Therefore, babies with 1 or above don't necessarily need to get enough protein from solid food, but they should also pay attention to milk in their diet.
2. Food quality should be diversified.
Their growth and development still need a variety of nutrients and must be taken from a variety of foods.
3. Reasonably arrange the proportion of nutrients per meal
Breakfast accounts for 30%, lunch for 40% and dinner for 30%. In order to meet the calories and nutrition required by the baby's morning activities, in addition to the staple food, milk, eggs, bean products, vegetables, meat and other foods should be added to breakfast, and the amount of lunch should be higher than other meals.
4. Food should be soft, rotten and broken.
Bao's teeth are gradually coming out, but his digestive ability is still weak. Therefore, food production must be soft, rotten and broken to adapt to the baby's digestive ability.
5. Pay attention to increasing the number of meals every day.
Babies' bellies are smaller than those of adults, so they can't eat as much as adults. But babies need more nutrition than adults, so the number of meals a day can't be based on three meals a day like adults, but should be more frequent.
6. Keep food light and tasteless.
Based on the principle of natural lightness, it is not advisable to add too much salt and sugar.
Tips: A child's eating habits in the first three years will affect his preferences, preferences and rejection of food throughout his life. Therefore, mothers should feed their babies scientifically to ensure their balanced nutrition.
How to eat the staple food for 4-6 years old?
Pay attention to the diversity of food
People eat many kinds of food every day, and the amount and types of nutrients contained in various foods are different. Preschool children are in the stage of growth and development, and their metabolism is very strong. Only by ensuring their adequate and comprehensive nutrition can they grow up healthily. Therefore, parents should not only give their children "good, refined and expensive" food, but also know that radish and cabbage have their own strengths and encourage their children to eat more nutritious foods to lay a good foundation for the future.
Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.
Vegetables and fruits can't replace each other. Although their nutritional components are similar, they have their own irreplaceable characteristics. There are many kinds of vegetables, and the contents of vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber in most vegetables are higher than those in fruits. Fruit can supplement the deficiency of vegetable intake. Fruits are high in sugar and organic acids, so they need not be heated before eating, and their nutrients are well preserved. With the extension of storage time, some nutrients such as vitamin C in vegetables and fruits will be lost, so be sure to buy fresh ones and eat them now. To let children eat fruit, fruit juice can't be used instead, because some vitamins and dietary fiber are destroyed during the suppression of fruit juice.
Often eat fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat.
Fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat are good sources of high-quality protein, fat-soluble vitamins and minerals. The types and structures of amino acids contained in animal protein are similar to those of human body, which is beneficial to human body's absorption and utilization. It is an indispensable food for children's growth. Among them, the content of unsaturated fatty acids in fish and poultry is high, which is beneficial to the development of children's nervous system and vision. 30 to 50 grams a day is better, and it is best to change the species frequently. You can eat an egg every day, supplement high-quality protein and lecithin, and promote the development of the body and brain. Livestock meat is 30 ~ 40 grams per day, and pigs, cattle and mutton can be eaten alternately. The absorption and utilization of iron in livestock meat is good, which can correct anemia caused by insufficient iron intake.
Ensure the intake of milk and soy products.
With the baby's growth, milk is no longer the main food every day, but because children's bones are still immature and in the growth and development stage, the daily demand for calcium is very large, about 800 mg/day, so milk, as an excellent food source of calcium, should be included in the baby's daily diet. Drinking 300 ~ 600 ml of milk every day can ensure that the calcium intake of preschool children reaches an appropriate level. Soybean is rich in high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids and B vitamins. In order to increase children's intake of protein and avoid the adverse effects caused by excessive meat intake, it is suggested that preschool children eat 25 grams of soybeans or bean products every day.
Speak clearly when cooking, eat less oil and salt and drink less high-sugar drinks.
The digestive system of preschool children is sensitive. In order to avoid interfering with children's judgment on the natural taste of food, and to develop eating habits that are not picky about food and partial eclipse, parents should cook and process food lightly, with less salt and oil, and do not use irritating condiments to maintain the original flavor of food. Preschool children should drink 1000 ~ 1200ml every day, mainly boiled water, and drink less high-sugar drinks. Excessive drinking of high-sugar drinks will affect children's appetite, cause obesity and dental caries, which is not conducive to children's health.
Food intake and physical activity should be balanced to ensure normal weight gain.
Food intake and physical activity are two important factors to control children's weight. Only when it is balanced can children maintain a healthy weight and develop reasonably.