Prison law has two meanings: broad sense and narrow sense. Prison law in a broad sense refers to the sum of laws and regulations related to prisons, including prison code and laws, regulations, detailed rules and measures related to prisons. The prison law in narrow sense refers to the prison law promulgated by the national legislature that specifically and systematically stipulates prison execution. For example, the prison laws of Italy, Canada, Norway, Australia, Japan, India, Pakistan, Myanmar, Chile, Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela and other countries, the penalty execution laws of Germany, Poland, Turkey and other countries, the criminal imprisonment law of Finland, the penalty execution law of Bulgaria, the legislative outline of labor reform of the former Soviet Union and so on. Although these laws have different names, they are all prison laws in a narrow sense according to the basic objects of their adjustment. Prison laws in different countries have their own characteristics in guiding ideology, structure and content. In some countries, the prison laws not only stipulate the basic matters of executing free punishment, but also make special provisions on the detention of pending prisoners, the execution of death penalty or the treatment of civil prisoners. China's ancient legislative system is a collection of various laws, and the legal provisions on prisons are mainly listed in the relevant provisions of Tang, Song, Ming and Qing laws. Feudal dynasties have never promulgated an independent prison law. The Draft Prison Law of the Qing Dynasty, drafted in the second year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 19 10), was the first independent prison code (draft) in China history, but it was not formally promulgated. Later, the Prison Rules (A.D. 19 13, 1928) promulgated by the Beiyang government and the Kuomintang government were formulated according to the Draft Prison Law of the Qing Dynasty. It was not until 1946 65438+ 10/9 that the Kuomintang government officially promulgated the prison law, that is, the prison criminal law. After the founding of New China, the old prison system and laws were completely abolished, and a new system of reeducation through labor was established. 1On September 7th, 954, the State Council, the Central People's Government, promulgated the Regulations on Labor Reform in People's Republic of China (PRC), which was the first labor reform law in New China, and actually played the role of prison code for more than forty years. 1994 65438+On February 29th, the 11th meeting of the 8th the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) deliberated and passed the People's Republic of China (PRC) Prison Law, which is the first socialist prison law promulgated by the new China. It marks that the prison work in China has entered the track of comprehensive legalization. The generalized prison law and the narrow prison law cooperate and complement each other, forming an independent prison legal department. At present, many countries in the world have formulated a series of supporting laws and regulations based on the Prison Law or the Penalty Execution Law, forming a complete prison legal system.