First, blackboard design.
The design of blackboard newspaper generally includes layout design, header design, blackboard newspaper title design, text arrangement, blackboard writing, calligraphy, blackboard painting, tail flower and lace.
Selection of Title Font of Blackboard Newspaper
The title of the blackboard newspaper has a strong ideological and emotional color. What font to choose is very important. A good choice can increase the charm of blackboard newspaper headlines, otherwise it will be counterproductive. The fonts of blackboard newspaper titles are usually divided into two categories, one is calligraphy and the other is fine calligraphy. Commonly used fonts are:
Seal script: neat and beautiful, beautiful and smooth, comfortable and simple.
Official script: warm and plump, euphemistic and moist, light and simple.
Shu Wei: Vigorous, magnificent.
Bold body: serious and solemn black song style: rigorous and heavy imitation song style: slim and fragrant.
Song Dynasty: stable and generous complex: simple and generous amber body: lively and natural.
Layout proportion
The title of blackboard newspaper plays an important role in outlining and guiding readers to read, and is generally placed in a more important position. They are arranged in a horizontal, vertical, inclined, curved and staggered manner. Generally, horizontal and vertical cross layout is adopted to make the layout lively. Although simple, convenient and easy to arrange, it is dull and lifeless.
Although the title of the blackboard newspaper is important, it should not occupy too much space, otherwise it will appear top-heavy, so we should pay attention to the appropriate proportion.
Copy fonts and formats
Copy the font and format of the blackboard manuscript
There is an essential difference between the font copied from the manuscript of the blackboard newspaper and the font selection of the title of the blackboard newspaper. The font selection of the title of the blackboard newspaper should conform to the content, thoughts and emotions expressed by the title of the blackboard newspaper, and be as consistent as possible with the personality of the font, while the font selection of the manuscript of the blackboard newspaper should make the whole layout clean and readable. Therefore, they are generally selected: imitation of Song Dynasty, official script, Wei Ti, regular script and running script.
Transcription of blackboard newspaper is an important link. When copying, we should not only pay attention to the general requirements of word spacing and line spacing, but also consider the overall artistic effect of the blackboard newspaper.
From the overall layout, the frame spacing is greater than the line spacing, the line spacing is greater than the line spacing, and the line spacing is greater than the word spacing. Judging from the layout of the whole blackboard newspaper, the space between sides is greater than the space between rows.
The above specific proportions can refer to the arrangement ratio of newspapers and books, but no matter how many, the format and proportion of full-text copying must be consistent.
Summarize the main points of blackboard newspaper writing as follows:
Try to master the font: the font is consistent, the size is consistent, the thickness is consistent, the depth is consistent, the handwriting is correct, and the font is standardized.
Copying should be arranged as far as possible: left and right are parallel, up and down are aligned, top spacing is greater than side spacing, side spacing is greater than line spacing, line spacing is greater than word spacing, horizontal writing starts from left, vertical writing starts from right, both ends are flush, colors are consistent, white is appropriate, and punctuation is blank.
Summarize the key points of layout making as follows:
The design is novel, the proportion is appropriate, the theme is clear, the key points are prominent, the dispersion is balanced, the density is good, the elasticity is appropriate, the title is clear, the title of the blackboard newspaper is eye-catching, the article is short, the pictures and texts are rich and colorful, the fonts are diverse, the fine print is white, the fonts are unified, the copying is neat and the organization is clear.
Second, the blackboard theme
The headline is the "head" of the newspaper. It can be said that blackboard newspaper, as a special newspaper, is just like the cover of a book. The first thing that attracts readers' attention is probably the title. Because in the whole layout of the blackboard newspaper, the title occupies the part with high attention value and accounts for a considerable proportion in the layout. And the header is mainly pictures, made of colored chalk or other pigments, which is the most eye-catching. Therefore, the design and manufacture of headers are very important. Here are some questions about the header.
Title and theme
Since the title is the "head" of a newspaper, it is natural to vividly reflect the theme of the blackboard newspaper with pictures, so that people can see the main contents and articles of the blackboard newspaper at a glance. At the same time, the header design should also be related to the nature and characteristics of the work of the unit and department.
In short, the first headline should serve the content of the blackboard newspaper, set off the center, highlight the theme and enhance the publicity effect. Second, we should combine the nature of this unit to make it have its own characteristics. Generally speaking, the title should be changed according to the content of each issue, and the content with high frequency can also be changed in several issues.
Main points of header design
(1) Theme painting: people, buildings, weapons or animals and plants.
(2) Headlines: such as Barracks World and Weapons Expo.
(3) Geometry or lace: Geometry can be composed of single lines or color blocks, and the shape, tone and lace of the header play the role of decoration and beautification.
In addition to the above parts, the header should also be accompanied by the words organizer, publication date, number of issues, etc. , so that readers can have a general understanding of the publication of blackboard newspaper.
According to the theme, you can still choose suitable materials, and you can draw materials from sketches, albums, photos and newspaper clippings accumulated in your life, innovate or simplify, generalize and exaggerate, and design and make headers with certain geometric figures. At the same time, the header design should meet the requirements of "balance and consciousness".
The position of the header in the page
The position of the header is generally arranged in the middle, upper middle, upper left corner and upper right corner of the blackboard newspaper layout. Of course, the middle and lower parts, the lower left corner and the lower right corner also have a unique arrangement, which makes the layout unique and unique. However, it should be noted that it is best to change the cycle of the head position, which will create a sense of freshness from the "dynamic" of the head position and avoid the same old face.
Third, blackboard newspaper materials
Text arrangement
The content of the blackboard newspaper accounts for most of the pages. How to organize and arrange articles with different contents, so as to make the layout unified and beautiful, we must carefully analyze and study the content and text length of all articles.
1. Classification
In order to arrange the layout, it is necessary to classify the articles and arrange the articles with the same content together. Articles that are important to the content, such as "domestic news", "the road to reform", "new school spirit" and "new things in the company", should be arranged in a prominent position in the layout so as to attract readers' attention. Other articles, such as Weekend Literature and Art, Singing on June 1 and Knowledge World, are also arranged together as far as possible. Article classification should have clear focus and prominent center.
arrange
After the articles are classified, the number of words in each article should be calculated, and then the position of each article should be arranged uniformly. Most of the characters are arranged horizontally. In order to enliven the layout, we can also arrange some vertical figures appropriately. Because people's reading habits are from left to right, reading horizontally, and reading vertically is less.
When arranging words, we should also pay attention to the fact that there should not be too many words in each line. There are too many pages, and one page is not alive. Second, readers work hard and their eyes are easily tired. Because the content of each article is different, the layout should also change. Think more, analyze more, study carefully, and strive to make every page layout innovative.
Fourth, the blackboard template
Blackboard newspapers can generally be considered from the following aspects:
1, overall evaluation of overall layout, focusing on composition, layout and visual effects;
2. The content, literary talent and writing skills of the article;
3. The degree of artistic treatment such as title, masthead, illustration and lace, and the integration with the ideological content and central theme of the article;
4. Font, arrangement and word processing of blackboard newspaper titles;
5. Text copying and article arrangement;
6. Color application.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) The content of the blackboard newspaper.
overall arrangement
The layout of the blackboard newspaper includes the words, titles and topics of the blackboard newspaper. The layout of each issue should be considered in advance and designed according to the content. Key words should be prominent, the title of blackboard newspaper should be lively, and the title painting should be beautiful and generous, which will play a propaganda role.
1. Text
In layout design, we should first have a comprehensive understanding of the content of the manuscript. See how many articles there are, how many words each article has, and how much space it takes up on the page. Then overall planning, unified layout, reasonable arrangement of the position of the text draft. Attention should be paid to putting important articles in a prominent position, and other articles such as long articles and short articles can be arranged alternately. Most of the manuscripts are horizontally arranged, and a small amount of texts can be vertically arranged according to the contents of the texts, but the vertically arranged articles should be short and pithy.
2. Header
When arranging the manuscript, we should also consider what header to choose. Title painting is designed to match the content of the article or according to the needs of the layout. You can draw it together with the blackboard titles of key articles, next to the topics alone, or in the middle of the articles. Header pictures are usually arranged in the upper left corner, upper right corner or middle of the page.
3. The title of the blackboard newspaper
The title of the blackboard newspaper is arranged according to the general needs of the article content or layout. The titles of blackboard newspapers can be divided into two types: banner blackboard newspaper titles and article blackboard newspaper titles. The title of the banner blackboard newspaper is the theme of the whole page, which is arranged horizontally above the page or vertically on the left side of the page. The title of the blackboard newspaper is the title of each article, which can be used together with the picture, or placed horizontally or vertically above, left or middle of the article.
Step 4 explain
Illustration, also called board painting, is arranged according to the needs of the content of the layout article. Illustrations should closely fit the central idea of the article, which can be drawn on the side of the text or on the forehead, and the graphics can be large or small. However, it should be noted that there should not be too many illustrations, so as not to occupy the layout.
Step 5: Gap
The so-called blank means that in layout design, we should pay attention to leaving a certain space between articles, headlines, titles and blackboard illustrations. The words, titles, titles and illustrations of the blackboard newspaper cannot be written and drawn on the edge of the blackboard. To leave "sky", "ground" and left and right gaps, at least one word space should be left around (generally about 5 cm). The gap between parts depends on the need. If it is too small, it will appear crowded and "airtight"; If it is too large, the layout will appear loose and not compact.
In short, the layout of the blackboard newspaper requires proper text arrangement, and the title, title and illustrations of the blackboard newspaper should be properly matched. Make the overall layout, flexible insertion, clear focus and clear organization, make the layout beautiful, vivid and illustrated, and achieve good publicity effect.
Sixth, the blackboard design scheme
Several common typesetting forms are as follows:
(1) radial type (2) chain type (3) "m" or "w" type (4) concave-convex type (5) diamond type (6) or "*" type (7) stepped type (8) "~" type (9) "20" or ".
The form and intention of layout and composition will also arouse readers' association and get involved in certain emotional consciousness.
Horizontal and parallel typesetting and composition give people a sense of leisure, peace and tranquility, because horizontal, calm and even human rest are usually expressed in this form.
Slant lines and curves usually indicate a sense of movement, such as moving forward and struggling in the layout.
Sawtooth often gives people a feeling of tension and pain, and the tooth shape developed in the center is obviously expanding and dangerous.
A regular triangle is sharp, hard, stable and unshakable.
Trapezoid gives people a solid and lasting feeling, and it seems that it will never roll over.
The "V" shape is an unstable shape, which also gives people the association of the ribbon of the medal of victory.
Diamonds give people a harmonious and balanced atmosphere, just like a smile.
Square is a correct, solemn, strong and simple image, giving people a very stable feeling.
Fan often gives people a relaxed, cool and euphemistic meaning.
Semicircles are usually associated with quietness and softness, giving people a feeling of fullness and fullness.
The oval shape has a pleasant, soft and expansive feeling.
Seven, the blackboard design pattern daquan
Color action
The purpose of using color is to attract readers' attention, arouse readers' emotions, give people a good first impression and leave a deep impression on their memories.
Color application rules
First of all, according to the content of the blackboard newspaper, determine the overall tendency of color effect, which is full of vitality, solemn and quiet, warm and cheerful, subtle and deep, magnificent or simple and elegant. If the Spring Festival is celebrated, the colors should tend to be warm and cheerful, reflecting the life of soldiers should tend to be full of vitality and depicting a healthy and upward atmosphere.
Secondly, we should pay attention to the overall effect of color, and only harmony and contrast can produce a good overall color effect, so that the power of feeling beauty can be unified, coordinated and compared. This is the principle of correctly handling the dialectical relationship of color opposition and unity.
Thirdly, the sense of weight, intensity and shade of color determines the size and position of color area, so as to achieve mutual balance. Generally, when warm colors and colors with high chroma are compared with cool colors or turbid colors, the smaller the area, the easier it is to get a balance. This is a strong complementary color contrast, which can reduce the area of a color, change the chroma or lightness, and make the picture tend to be balanced.
Color attention
From the perspective of color tendency, bright colors and chroma are higher, while warm colors have higher eye-catching value and have obvious visual impact on readers. The color attention values of dark color, low chroma and cool color system are low, and the visual impact effect on readers is also weak. In addition, the attention value depends on the brightness of background and graphic color.
Eight, blackboard newspaper layout
Overall layout design
Key points of layout design:
The theme is clear, so people can know the central content at a glance. Important articles are arranged in the most eye-catching position in the layout.
The layout is eye-catching, and it looks like a block from a distance, with close-up lines, pictures and texts, clear colors, neat copy and overall effect.
Arrangement form: horizontal arrangement, vertical arrangement and vertical and horizontal combination arrangement.
Bone arrangement styles: M-shaped, 20-shaped, chain-shaped, cross-shaped, banner-shaped, stepped, diamond-shaped and so on.
It seems easy to publish a blackboard newspaper. A blackboard with only a few pieces of content can be completed soon, but in practice, it is very knowledgeable to run a blackboard newspaper well. Because the newspaper on the blackboard combines knowledge and skills such as writing, painting, calligraphy, design and color, it is a comprehensive application of various knowledge and skills. Therefore, the design of the blackboard newspaper should have a holistic concept, take into account the overall composition and layout of the blackboard, emphasize ideological content, and cannot ignore artistic forms. Therefore, the composition, blackboard title, masthead painting, font pattern and color of the article should make them an organic whole with internal relations.