Since entering the 21st century, Ankang has established the Dragon Boat Festival in order to develop Ankang, promote Ankang, and create Ankang’s cultural business card. The Wind and Rain Dragon Boat Festival has gone through 8 years and is welcoming the start of the ninth. The Dragon Boat Festival has been rated as "Top 50 Chinese Festivals", "Top Ten Expo Event Festivals" and "Top Ten Charming Festivals" by the China Festivals Association. Festival", "The First Top Ten Charming Festivals in Shaanxi Province", etc. In 2006, the Ankang dragon boat custom was approved by the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government as "the first batch of intangible cultural heritage protection lists in Shaanxi Province". The Ankang dragon boat custom is the cultural endowment of Ankang ancestors to future generations. It is one of the important cultural resources of contemporary Ankang. The protection, promotion and utilization of this cultural resource are of great importance to Ankang. 1. Natural conditions and people's sentiments determine the proliferation of the Ankang dragon boat custom. The Ankang dragon boat custom has a long history. It is an important cultural brand with a unique health gene and a cultural gene left by the Ankang ancestors to future generations, that is, intangible culture. This cultural custom and competition form has gradually become popular among the people, and Ankang people value it as much as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th. Historically, Ankang dragon boat races were concentrated in Shiquan County, Ziyang County, Liushui Town, Lanhekou, Shitigudu, Shu River, Baihe County and other places. During the Dragon Boat Festival in the new era, the dragon boat racing area is located along the riverside in Ankang City. The race to cross the Hanjiang River is bounded by the mouth of the Moon River on the upper side and the mouth of the Huangyang River on the lower side. The river is 580 meters wide, with gentle water flow and loess hills on both sides. Ankang City was under the jurisdiction of Liangzhou in ancient times and belonged to Bayong Prefecture during the Yin and Zhou dynasties. When King Wu conquered Zhou, Bayong participated in the battle, so there is a record that "Ba Shi was brave, singing and dancing to conquer the Yin people". In the 13th year of King Qin Huiwen's reign, Xicheng County was established. After the Qin Dynasty unified the Six Kingdoms, the upper reaches of the Han River were designated as Hanzhong County, which encompassed 12 counties. The administrative seat is now Jiangbei Zhongdutai in Ankang City. In the 21st year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xicheng County and Hanning County were divided into two, with the eastern part being assigned to Jingzhou. A state was established in the third year of Emperor Fei's reign in the Western Wei Dynasty. It was named "Jinzhou" because the Han River was rich in bran and gold. During the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty, "Jinzhou" was changed to "Xing'an Prefecture" was promoted to "Xing'an Prefecture" in the 48th year of Qianlong's reign. The administrative seat was still in the present Ankang City District, and a county was established in the prefecture. Taking the meaning of "Anning Kangtai", it was called "Ankang County". This title was used until the founding of the People's Republic of China. In 2000, after the land was removed and a city was established, it was now called "Ankang City". Ankang City has been known as "Anlan Yufu" since ancient times. Ankang embankment was built as early as the Tang Dynasty. During the Xining period of the Song Dynasty, the Wanchun Embankment was built. In the 11th year of the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty, a new city was built in the south of the old city to avoid flooding. Ankang City has always been a transportation fortress. Ziwu Road and Kugu Road connect Chang'an and Sichuan to Sichuan. The Han River Waterway connects Hanzhong upstream and Jingchu and Wuhan downstream. It is the only golden waterway in Shaanxi that connects the river to the sea. Bai Juyi, Meng Haoran, Han Yu, Lu You and other literati and poets from past dynasties visited Ankang many times. The modern transportation industry is relatively developed. The Xikang Line, Xiangyu Line, and Anyang Line meet to form a modern transportation network that leads to Sichuan and Chongqing in the south, Chang'an in the west, Beijing and Tianjin in the north, and Huguang in the east. The unique geographical location, long history, prosperous output and large population flow provide favorable conditions for dragon boat racing. 2. The historical origin of Ankang dragon boat custom Dragon boat racing is a folk custom activity in Ankang, which has been performed in the Han River Basin for a long time. Ankang's dragon boat racing was formed in Ankang City, radiating and influencing surrounding areas, forming unique customs. There are records about dragon boats in Ankang during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There are many other historical records. According to the "Reconstruction of Xing'an Prefecture Volume 2: Historical Relics" written by Wang Xishun, the magistrate of Xing'an Prefecture in the 34th year of Kangxi's reign: "Wangjiang Tower: On the south bank of Han Dynasty, it was a place where people watched the ferry races in the past. It is now abandoned." According to this, we can The time and customs of the Ankang dragon boat race were already large-scale and lively at least in the Ming Dynasty, and it was promoted to a government event at that time. "Revisiting Xing'an Prefecture Chronicles Volume 2·Customs" records: "Duanyang Festival, the officials led their subordinates to watch the boat races, which is called stepping on stones." Regarding the grand occasion of the dragon boat race, it was written in the "Shiquan County Chronicles·Customs" in the 26th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty. It contains: "...the streets are filled with drums, red pomegranates and green mugwort, and tiger talismans are ordered to send gifts to Jingri. Bureaucrats and lieutenants are seated on high-rise boats, and they invite long-term officials to watch the dragon boat race. Men and women fill the shore, with light boats and painted boats carrying singers and dancers. The city The middle-class gentry's home...looks around and is overwhelmed with things to do. Everyone is tired of traveling all day long." With the evolution of the times, dragon boat racing has become an activity widely participated in and loved by Ankang people. The dragon boat race began to take shape and the number of people was determined, and other amusement bidding projects were added based on the dragon boat race. In 1932, Shiquan County's "Continuation of Shiquan County Chronicles·Customs Section 9·Folk Customs" recorded: "Several dragon boats were built on the Han River, and the boats carried about twenty or thirty people, waving flags and drums, each grabbing wooden beams and rowing in unison, like flying arrows. . Racing up and down, throwing ducks to win the prize, there was endless cheers. People of all ages, men, women and children watch the dragon boats, sometimes forming a grand spectacle of night races with fires. "Xing'an Daily" on June 2, 1946 recorded that during the Dragon Boat Festival that year, "there were ten dragon boats competing in the competition. The situation was fierce, the audience was like a cloud, and the river street from Xiguan to Xiaobeimen was blocked." In the 1950s, In addition to spontaneous dragon boat racing among the people, the government also organizes mass competitions. On the Dragon Boat Festival in 1958, the People's Government of Ankang County held a large-scale "Ankang Dragon Boat Race". The dragon boat races along the Ankang River for more than ten miles. Both sides of the Han River were crowded with spectators. In the early 1960s, there were also spontaneous dragon boat races organized by the masses every year. However, since the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution" in ten years, this traditional folk custom was considered to be the "Four Olds" and its activities were suspended. In 1991, the former county-level Ankang Municipal People's Government held the "Ankang Dragon Boat Race" on the Dragon Boat Festival.

"At that time, 18 teams from various street offices, enterprises, and government agencies in Ankang City participated in the competition. After entering the new century, in order to carry forward Ankang's traditional culture and create a dragon boat cultural brand, Comrade Xu Shanlin, an old leader from Ankang, proposed that in 2000 The "Ankang Dragon Boat Festival" is held in June, so that this traditional folk custom activity can be carried forward in the new era by integrating modern factors. 3. The basic content of Ankang dragon boat customs. Dragon boat racing is a folk custom that integrates sacrifice, praying, Competition, fighting spirit, and fighting for honor are integrated, and it has its own set of procedures and competition methods. 1. Fund raising. The fund raiser is the local "leader" and other organizers or clan leaders. In short, dragon boat racing is everyone's business, and everyone contributes money. 2. There are two ways to sacrifice the dragon boat. One is to sacrifice the old dragon head in the temple three days before the sacrifice. "Purify the body." The sacrificial procedure generally starts with gongs and drums, and then the "Long Tou'er" offers three pillars of incense. After the oarsmen finish offering the incense, the "Long Tou'er" or "Squire" reads the sacrificial inscription: " The sky is dark and yellow, the festival is on the Dragon Boat Festival, we offer sacrifices to dragon boats and worship our ancestors... The Han River is full of water, the dragon boats are in the river, the weather is smooth, and we will always be healthy..." After the sacrifice, some flower drum lyrics should be sung, and then the rowers will protect the dragon's head and parade through the streets and go down the river. The other is to install the dragon head for dragon sacrifice. Except for the requirements, the procedure is the same as the first one. The difference is that the winning dragon boat in the first year must be worshiped by the loser's rower. After the worship, the rower of the original dragon boat must go around. The boat is filled with moxa and cattails, and then the dragon boat is carried down the street and down the river. The dragon boat launching ceremony is grand. There are incense tables on the table, with pig heads, sheep heads, cang cattails, etc. Zongzi and seasonal melons and fruits. The procedure starts with the sound of drums and bells, and then the salute. The launching ceremony begins by slaughtering a big rooster, letting the chicken's blood drip in front of the incense table, and then pouring the chicken's blood into the river, which is called "chicken descending" to take its meaning. "Auspicious". Before the dragon boat is launched into the water, the "dragon leader" shouts the launching number, and all the rowers push the dragon boat into the water. 4. Competition. The competition is divided into water entering race, launching race, opposite bank race, circling race, title winning race and duck grabbing race. etc. There are two types of championship competitions. One is to plant a bamboo flag in the river, and the first one to grab it wins; the other is to throw a buoy in the river, which is slippery, and whoever gets on the boat first wins; and the other is to grab the duck - -Plug off the hair on the duck's head, sprinkle it with salt powder, and throw the duck into the river. The duck will dive into the water when it feels pain from the salt. All contestants go into the water to grab the ducks. Whoever grabs more will be the warrior, and which boat will grab more. Which boat wins. 5. The Ankang dragon boat race has its own rivalry. There is a folk saying in Ankang: "It takes three years to lose a field, but one year to lose a boat." This shows that winning or losing in dragon boat racing has a spiritual effect on people. Winner and loser laugh. After the competition between rivals, the loser sings a song, kowtows, bows or apologizes to the winner, and pays homage to the winner's dragon boat. The winner proudly accepts congratulations and challenges for the coming year. The loser is not to be outdone. , and then the two parties will make peace with each other. 4. Equipment and products related to the Ankang dragon boat custom 1. Dragon boat making ① The real dragon boat is made of fir, and it is better to choose a good sunny slope fir tree that is more than 30 years old. material. There are strict regulations on nails on ships, 120 kilograms of nails and 60 kilograms of tung oil per ship. 20 kilograms of flax silk, 5 knives of leather paper, 100 kilograms of lime scraped three times; ②Specifications and dimensions. The real dragon is 3 feet 2 feet (about 10.56 meters) long and 4 feet 8 inches (about 1.6 meters) wide. ③Shape. There are 12 cabins with a stilt head and a stilt tail, with two people in each cabin. The dragon head and tail are carved from wood and have the same color as the hull. There are two pillars in the middle cabin of the ship, which are pulled at the bow and stern with ropes to fix them. For the drum, there is a wooden frame three stalls behind the middle warehouse to hold the gong. 2. Accessories. One square root, made of a long and slender bamboo stick with a feather duster-shaped tip tied into the top of the bamboo stick. The radios stand on the bow of the boat and wave to point in the direction. When the action is fierce, the radios fly up and down, which is very beautiful. There is one gong and drum each. The gongs and drummers beat according to the rhythm of the radiators; there are 24 oars, about 3 feet 6 inches long. The head is in the shape of a "T", the blade is 1 foot 5 inches long and about 6 inches wide; there is one team flag and one rudder. 3. Fake dragon boat. Also called the Hunjiang Dragon, the length of the dragon is 2 feet and 4 feet, with varying widths. The equipment configuration is the same as that of the real dragon, except that the paddles depend on the number of people. Some fake dragons enter the competition in small boats, and the number of people in the small boats is 8. - It varies from 12 people, so the supplies also depend on the number of people in the canoe. 4. Accessories. Ankang dragon boat custom accessories include buoys, ducks, sachets, rice dumplings, incense mugwort, atractylodes, incense tables, pig heads, cow heads, sheep heads, big roosters, carps, etc. 5. Basic characteristics of Ankang dragon boat customs Dragon boat racing began to flourish in the Han Dynasty, and began to form a competitive competition custom in the Song Dynasty. It has been passed down for more than 2,000 years, is loved by people, and has formed distinctive characteristics. 1. The Dragon Boat Festival has become an Ankang folk custom. The core value orientation in the custom of dragon boat racing is the worship of patriotism and the memory of the ancestors, accompanied by the social psychology of praying for blessings and peace. 2. The reasons why dragon boat racing has become more and more popular over time are: first, it has a broad mass base; second, it integrates totem worship, patriotic spirit, and mass participation, competition, appreciation, and folklore; third, racing can strengthen the body body, gathering people's hearts and popularity. 3. Ankang Dragon Boat Race has obvious characteristics compared with dragon boat races in other places. One is the difference in dragon boat production. The second is the difference in competition methods. The third is to add a radio hand. The radio hand can conduct and perform at the same time, which is both practical and ornamental. 4. The Ankang Dragon Boat Race is a dragon boat race on the largest river with the highest northern latitude in Chinese history.

In addition, the historical origins of Ankang during the Qin Dynasty and the Chu period and the migration from Huguang during the Ming and Qing Dynasties are closely related to the dragon boats of Jingchu, especially the fact that Qu Yuan was once exiled in the Han River Basin, making the Ankang Han River dragon boat race even more commemorative of Qu Yuan.