Stories of Several Classic China Centennial Stores
1, Quanjude roast duck-attracted hundreds of heads of state to bend over.
"Quanjude" was founded in 1864 (three years of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty). Yang Shoushan, the founder, was born in Yangjiazhai, Ji County, Hebei Province. In the early years of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, Yang Shoushan, who was clever and willing to work, arrived in Beijing and began to trade chickens and ducks. With a certain amount of savings, I took over the store "Dejuquan" selling dried and fresh fruits on Qianmen Street, and changed its name to Quanjude according to Mr. Feng Shui's words. At that time, the convenience store business in Mishi Hutong was booming, and the demand for braised roast duck was in short supply. Yang wants to roast duck by roasting pigs. After many experiments, hanging roast duck finally succeeded. Its color and flavor are not inferior to that of braised roast duck. After more than ten years of operation, it developed into a famous restaurant in Xuan Tong and the Republic of China.
The word "Quanjude" has two meanings: one is to use the word "Quande" to represent Yang himself, and the other is to gather virtue and flaunt Yang's business ethics. He invited Qian Zilong, an accomplished scholar in calligraphy, to write three vigorous, vigorous and eye-catching Chinese characters of Quanjude, and made a gold plaque to hang on the lintel.
Roast duck is the main business variety of Quanjude, from duck selection, feeding, slaughter to barbecue. Quanjude selected Beijing stuffed ducks to pay attention to feeding 100 days, weighing more than 5 kg can be slaughtered. After the duck is slaughtered and depilated, dig a small hole under the duck's right arm, put two fingers into the hole, take out the duck's internal organs, then wash the duck inside and out with clean water, blow the duck's skin with your mouth, insert a stalk on the duck's tail, then pour clean water into the hole under the duck's arm and sew the hole with silk thread. When everything is ready, hang the duck on the hook and roast it in the oven. In this way, the duck is roasted outside and cooked inside, and the skin is oily and yellow. People eat imported duck meat, the meat is tender, fat but not greasy, delicious and sweet, which makes people never tire of eating it.
After the death of Yang Shoushan, his son Yang Qing and three other brothers continued to run Quanjude. Tianjin Heather opened the first Quanjude semicolon. Since then, Quanjude Roast Duck has become famous in Beijing and Tianjin and overseas. "It's a pity that you won't eat roast duck until you reach the Great Wall." This is a compliment from foreign guests, including Gary, Tony Gu Song, Heath, Hai Junshu, Lee Kuan Yew and La? Heads of state, heads of state, prime ministers and officials from nearly 200 countries and regions, including Gandhi and Prince Sihanouk, have all visited the prestigious Quanjude.
2, Wuliangye wine-600 years of pits to protect the new fragrance.
Since ancient times, Sichuan has been rich in good wine, and Wuliangye is one of the most famous representatives. Yibin, Sichuan is the hometown of Wuliangye liquor, and the history of brewing Wuliangye liquor can be traced back to 1000 years ago.
According to legend, brewing was popular in Yibin as early as the Han Dynasty. Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, went to Rongzhou (now Yibin, Sichuan) in the first year of Yongtai (AD 765), and said in the poem "Rongzhou Banquet Yang Zhijun East Building": "Pay more attention to cattle and green wine than red-armed litchi." At that time, "Chongbi Liquor" and "Litchi Green" were famous wines in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Wuliangye, formerly known as miscellaneous grains wine, is said to have been built in the Ming Dynasty, and the wine kiln used for brewing so far is a relic of the Ming Dynasty. At that time, it was made by imitating the famous litchi green in the Song Dynasty, brewed with a variety of grains, and continuously improved and developed through generations.
In the early Ming Dynasty, a boss surnamed Chen in Yibin, Sichuan, founded the "Wendeyang" wine shop, devoted himself to research and explored the formula of miscellaneous grains wine, which was passed down for six generations. In the Qing Dynasty, the last generation of Chen San dictated the secret recipe to his apprentice Zhao because the Chen family had no children. Before the death of 19 15, Zhao passed the "secret recipe" to his apprentice Deng Zijun. Deng made many adjustments according to his "secret recipe" and determined a new formula. 1929 One day, Leidong Yuanda, director of Yibin County Yong, gave a family banquet with miscellaneous grains wine, which was very successful. Yang Huiquan, a juren sitting there, said: Such a good wine, called miscellaneous grains wine, seems very vulgar. This wine is made from the essence of five grains. Why not change its name to Wuliangye? Since then, Deng Zijun has renamed his Wuliangye as "Wuliangye".
Wuliangye got its name from this. 19 15, at the Panama World Expo, goods from all over the world were beautifully packaged. In front of the booth of Shanghai Lichuandong Commercial Firm, only some earthenware pots produced on the banks of the Yangtze River were displayed, and the rough and ugly appearance of earthenware pots made everyone sneer. Seeing that buying and selling was difficult, a businessman in Li Chuandong's business opened a clay pot in a hurry, and the smell was fragrant in an instant. Visitors stopped to watch, only to see the jade liquid in the pot crystal clear, sweet at the entrance, fragrant on the teeth and cheeks, and endless aftertaste. All drinkers are full of praise, and they will never forget the good name "China Wuliangye". It was the businessman's accidental move that made Wuliangye famous in the world, won the Panama Gold Award in one fell swoop and became the international brand of the Chinese nation.
To celebrate Wuliangye's winning the Panama International Gold Award, Li Chuandong Commercial Company specially made a plaque with stained glass as a gift to Deng Zijun, a descendant of Wuliangye, and wrote "Famous for China". Since then, "Wuliangye" has won a number of international and domestic gold medals and the reputation of famous wine, casting the glory of 80 years of gold medals, and is worthy of being called the divine wine of China.
What's even more amazing is that the crypt pit fermentation pit of Wuliangye Winery has been used continuously for more than 600 years. After hundreds of years of continuous use and maintenance, the Ming Dynasty 16 ancient cellar has become the only earliest existing cellar-type koji fermentation cellar in China, and its microbial reproduction has never stopped. The Ming Dynasty Wuliangye's 16 ancient cellar has been used to this day. This is the treasure of Wuliangye Group and the miracle of liquor industry!
3, Zhang Xiaoquan scissors-Emperor Qianlong also moved.
"The wind is as fast, the oil is as smooth, the steel is as clear and the steel is as thick, and the mountains and rivers are cut into splendid scenery. Hangzhou is more than just a state. " This is a hymn written by Tian Han, a famous playwright in China, when he visited Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors Factory on 1966. Zhang Xiaoquan scissors are characterized by "sharp cutting, smooth opening and closing, and good hand feeling".
The production of scissors in Zhang Xiaoquan has a history of more than 340 years, and it became famous in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Zhang Xiaoquan's father, Zhang Sijia, studied in Wuhu, which is famous for its "three knives", and later opened a Zhang Dalong "scissors shop" near Yixian. Zhang Sijia works hard, and his polished scissors are tough and sharp, which is highly praised by people. Under the careful teaching of his father and his constant practice, Koizumi also learned the good craft of making scissors with one hand. When the Qing soldiers entered the customs, his father and son fled to Hangzhou, and opened the "Zhang Dalong" scissors workshop in Dajing Lane at the foot of Wu Shan, studying casting skills seriously. The production of scissors adopts the process of "embedding steel". Firstly, the conventional method of forging scissors with pig iron is used, and the steel products from Longquan and Yunhe in Zhejiang are selected. There are also extremely fine mud materials from Zhenjiang that have been carefully polished, making the scissors shine and the business is particularly prosperous. Following in his father's footsteps, Zhang Xiaoquan is located in Qinghefang area and is the commercial center of Hang Cheng, so its business is booming and its profit is ten times. In the second year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1663), in order to prevent other families from selling scissors under the signboard of Zhang Dalong, he changed the signboard to his own name "Zhang Xiaoquan".
It is said that when Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty went down to the south of the Yangtze River to Hangzhou for the second time, he disguised himself, mingled with pilgrims and strolled up the mountain for sightseeing. Just when the mood is strong, the weather is not beautiful. Suddenly it began to rain, so I had to go down the mountain to find shelter. In a hurry, I walked into a workshop with the signboard of "Ancestral Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors". Qianlong was curious and took a pair of scissors. Seeing the cold light flashing and extremely sharp, he bought one and brought it back to the palace. He likes this pair of scissors very much. They are used as scissors in the palace. Since then, Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors has gained a great reputation. At most, 86 scissors were made with the brand of "Zhang Xiaoquan", and there was a grand occasion of "the green hills reflected blue lagoon and Koizumi filled the streets".
4. Wu Yutai Teahouse-Enthusiastic books produce stories.
Wu Yutai Tea House was founded in 1887 (13th year of Guangxu reign), and its founder Wu Xiqing was from Changxi Village, Shexian County, Anhui Province. At that time, Wu Xiqing went to Beijing with Juren and brought some tea when he went out. After arriving in Beijing, he was busy with exams, so Mr. Wu had more free time and gradually became familiar with the Beijingers around his residence. In order to thank his neighbors for their care, he gave the tea he brought from home to his neighbors. Unexpectedly, these people were full of praise after drinking these teas, and tried their best to persuade Mr. Wu to set up a stall to sell tea. A few days later, Wu Xiqing set up a tea stall in a big hole in the east of Beixinqiao Street Road, and the tea was sold out in a few days.
Careful Wu Xiqing found that in the most densely populated inner city of Manchu and Han, no matter rich or poor, people like to drink tea when they are free. Juren should continue to study hard in Beijing after failing the exam and wait for the next exam. He asked Mr. Wu to go back to his hometown in Shexian and get him some money. Mr. Wu returned to his hometown, worked hard, brought back as much tea as possible, and officially started the tea business in Beijing.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Laoye, the founder of Wu Yutai, made the tea stack business bigger and bigger, and successively opened more than ten shops and businesses under the name of "Wu Yutai". Before his death, Mr. Wu divided all his inheritance into five parts and wrote five notes for his five sons to draw lots. Whoever catches them will get an inheritance. It happened that the five sons grasped benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith in the correct order from big to small. So the four, five and six brothers discussed reorganizing their shops, houses and other properties, living together and doing business together. "。
More than a hundred years may be the thickness of a page in a history textbook, but for Wu Yutai, it is the dedication and pursuit of several generations. A hundred years ago, Beijingers would say, "There is an Anhui tea shop called Wu Yutai in Beixinqiao." A hundred years later, Beijingers will say, "Wu Yutai's tea is a necessity for people's life."
5. Tong Ren Tang Pharmacy-The government took the lead in beating Gui Li.
Tongrentang was founded in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, and the exact date cannot be verified, but it was no later than 1669. Founder of Tong Ren Tang, surnamed Le, from Ningbo, Zhejiang. His ancestors came to Beijing as early as the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty. For generations, they have been practicing medicine and selling medicines. In the early Qing Dynasty, descendants of musicians were educated and became officials in Tai Hospital. Determined to improve the quality of Chinese medicine, he opened a drugstore in the grinding factory outside Qianmen, and later renamed "Le Jia Old Shop" as "Tongrentang".
Le Zunyu's son, Le Wugang, failed in the rural examination in the 14th year of Kangxi, so he inherited his father's business and opened Tongrentang Pharmacy in Dashilan. In front of Tongrentang is a shop, and behind it is a workshop, which is sold by ourselves. Because Tongrentang always pays attention to the quality of medicinal materials, and abides by "although the processing is complicated, it will not dare to save labor; Although your taste is expensive, you won't dare to reduce your material resources. Tongrentang's proprietary Chinese medicines have always enjoyed a high reputation in the market.
Since the first year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, Tongrentang has specially provided Chinese medicine for the royal pharmacies in the Qing Dynasty. Even the medicine taken by the emperor and his empresses was made by Tong Ren Tang, so that Tong Ren Tang received strong support from the court in terms of funds. Sometimes the funds allocated by the Qing Dynasty to Tong Ren Tang were enough for several years. Tong Ren Tang repeatedly wanted to make a name for himself in the Imperial Hospital, and then issued an imperial edict to all parts of the country, ordering all parts to pay tribute to fine medicinal materials and send them to Beijing. Tongrentang often buys high-quality medicinal materials everywhere under the banner of the imperial court, which makes other pharmacies at a disadvantage in the competition.
Because of the fame of Tong Ren Tang, some businessmen in other places also renamed their pharmacies as Tong Ren Tang. To this end, during the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi, the government issued a special notice, claiming that anyone who opened a pharmacy in the name of Tongrentang would be punished. There is indeed a pharmacy that was closed down for this reason, and the owner was paraded for three days. In the old society without economic law, it is very rare for the government to make such a big fuss about a shop.