(1) Symptomatic treatment
If you want to treat the symptoms, you should mainly find out the cause. Generally speaking, mania is mainly caused by the following reasons: First, genetic factors, although it cannot be said that mania has obvious direct causes with heredity, statistical data show that it has a certain relationship with heredity.
Physical factors are also related to mania to some extent. The main characteristics of circular personality are communication, cheerfulness, extensive interests, hyperactivity, excitability, optimism and anxiety. Patients with mesodermal bones, well-developed muscles and rich connective tissue have more diseases than patients with delicate ectodermal constitution.
Abnormal central nervous medium function and metabolism can also lead to mania, such as abnormal central noradrenergic system function, abnormal central serotonin system function, polyamine metabolism disorder hypothesis, neuroendocrine dysfunction and so on. All these may cause us men to be manic.
In addition, mental factors also have an impact on mania. The onset of manic-depressive psychosis may be related to mental stimulation factors, but it can only be regarded as a inducing factor.
(2) Injection drug therapy
Haloperidol rapid treatment, haloperidol 5 mg, intramuscular injection once every half hour, until the patient falls asleep, the maximum daily dose is not more than 50 mg.
Intravenous injection of chlorpromazine, chlorpromazine 50 mg to 100 mg, dissolved in 50% glucose 100 ml, slowly intravenous injection until the patient falls asleep.
Clonazepam intramuscular injection therapy, clonazepam 1mg ~ 2mg, intramuscular injection 3 ~ 4 times a day. This method can also make patients calm down as soon as possible, which is safer and more effective.
(3) Oral drugs
Lithium carbonate should generally be used under the monitoring of blood lithium concentration, otherwise lithium poisoning will easily occur. Pay attention to the appearance of poisoning symptoms and adverse reactions. If there are symptoms of poisoning, the drug should be stopped immediately to accelerate the excretion of lithium.
Clozapine, its curative effect is rapid and reliable, but it is easy to cause leukopenia, so we should insist on blood test once a week. Clonazepam has a strong effect of controlling psychomotor excitement, and its anti-mania effect is obviously superior to other nerve blockers, with few side effects and wide application.
In addition, phenytoin sodium and valproate sodium have good antimanic effects, and carbamazepine is especially suitable for those who cannot tolerate lithium salt.
(4) Electroshock therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy is one of the effective methods to treat mania, which is safe, effective and fast. Every other day, 8 times to 1 2 times is 1 course. General symptoms can be controlled for 3 to 5 times.
(5) Maintenance treatment
Although manic symptoms are easy to control, they are also easy to recur, so it takes a certain period of maintenance treatment. For the first time, after manic recovery, lithium therapy should be maintained for at least another 6 months. For people who have hair every year, lithium salt should be used for a long time. At this time, slow-release agents can be used.