Sesame leaves are rich in protein (365,438+0.32%), and * * contains 65,438+07 kinds of amino acids (265,438+0.44%), including glutamic acid (2_86%), aspartic acid (2.265,438+0%) and leucine (2.26%). Sesame leaves contain glucose, mannose, galactose, xylose and rhamnose, of which glucose is the most and mannose is the least. Sesame leaves are also rich in ash (9.24%), with high contents of potassium (24.75 mg/g), calcium (24.65438 0.4 mg/g), magnesium (6.533 mg/g), phosphorus (5.469 mg/g) and sodium (0.869 mg/g). The crude fat content in sesame leaves was 7.54%, and five main fatty acids were detected, namely linolenic acid (45.20%), palmitic acid (19.80%), linoleic acid (12.40%), oleic acid (5. 14%) and stearic acid (2. In a word, sesame leaves are rich in protein, and the content of essential amino acids is high and balanced; Rich in polysaccharides; Rich in minerals such as potassium and calcium, with appropriate proportion and easy absorption; Rich fat contains high content of essential fatty acids-linolenic acid and linoleic acid, which can be used as a natural source of high quality nutrition.

Efficacy and function

1. antioxidant

The study on antioxidant activity of sesame leaf polysaccharide showed that sesame leaf polysaccharide had strong scavenging ability to diphenyl picryzide free radical, hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical, and the scavenging ability to diphenyl picryzide free radical was stronger. OH has the strongest scavenging ability, stronger than vitamin C, showing strong antioxidant activity. The antioxidant properties of sesame leaf polyphenols were studied. The results showed that sesame leaf polyphenols could effectively remove DPPH? . Sesame leaf polyphenols also have a strong ability to scavenge ethyl benzothiazoline sulfonic acid free radicals (ABTS+) and inhibit lipid peroxidation, showing significant antioxidant activity, and there is a dose-effect relationship with polyphenol content. Four phenolic functional groups in sesame leaves have strong free radical scavenging ability. After lactic acid fermentation, sesame leaves showed strong antioxidant effect. The development of sesame leaves as a new natural antioxidant material needs further research and discussion.

2. Prevent diabetes

The crude extract of sesame leaf polyphenols was purified by AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin column, and the purified products were named SPP 1 and SPP2 respectively. Therefore, the crude extracts of polyphenols from sesame leaves, SPP 1 and SPP2, can delay the nonenzymatic glycosylation process in protein and have the function of preventing or treating diabetes. Seven kinds of polyphenols were identified in young leaves of sesame, among which ergosterol and isoergosterol showed strong anti-sugar activity in vitro, and ergosaponin gradually accumulated with the growth of sesame. The results showed that the dried sesame leaves mainly contained eight phenolic compounds, namely gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, apigenin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ergosaponin, luteolin and kaempferol, which had obvious inhibitory effect on-glucosidase and could be used as dietary functional factors to prevent diabetes. Two compounds, 3- epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin, were isolated from sesame leaf extract. These two compounds have a strong inhibitory effect on amylase and can reduce the blood sugar level of diabetic patients.

3. Treat acute and chronic pharyngitis

Acute and chronic pharyngitis is a very common pharyngeal disease in the population. Chew fresh sesame leaves and apply them to the uneven and inflamed mucosal surface of pharynx. The effective components in sesame leaves directly reach the focus, and quickly achieve the purpose of treating acute and chronic pharyngitis. In 1990s, some scholars suggested that sesame leaves could treat acute and chronic pharyngitis. When sesame leaves were used to treat acute and chronic pharyngitis, all patients improved or recovered, and the effective rate reached 100%, and the recovery rate was far greater than the improvement rate. Sesame leaves did not show any side effects. The comprehensive results show that sesame leaves can treat acute and chronic pharyngitis, showing good curative effect and can be widely used in clinic.

4. Treating cardiovascular diseases and fighting obesity.

To determine the relaxing effects of sesame leaf water extract (ESem) and acetylcholine (ACh) on guinea pig aortic preparations (GPAPs), and to determine their application in traditional medicines for cardiovascular diseases. The results show that the aqueous extract of sesame leaves can cause complete graded relaxation of endothelium, and its effect is the same GPAPs that of ACh in a proper concentration range, which proves its therapeutic effect on cardiovascular diseases. The protective effect of sesame leaf extract (SIE) on obesity (HFD) induced by high-fat diet shows that SIE can reduce weight by activating AMP-dependent protein kinase in adipose tissue, inhibiting weight gain and reducing serum glucose, triglyceride and leptin levels.