The sustained and in-depth development of Antarctic scientific research field is of great social and political significance for realizing social sustainable development, inspiring national spirit and demonstrating the comprehensive strength of the country.
China took part in the Antarctic expedition. As a permanent member of the Security Council and the largest developing country in the world, it is particularly important for China to participate in Antarctic scientific investigation. As early as August 1983, China joined the Antarctic Treaty. 1In June, 984, China established the first Antarctic expedition.
1985 In February, China established the Great Wall Research Station of China on George Island, Antarctica. In June of the same year,10,7, China was granted the status of Antarctic Treaty Consultative Party. 1On February 26th, 989, scientists from China established the China Antarctic Zhongshan Research Station in Prydz Bay, Antarctic Circle.
The establishment of DOME-A, the Antarctic expedition team, indicates that China's Antarctic expedition has the ability to expand from the Antarctic edge to the mainland, and that China is moving from a polar expedition power to a polar expedition power. It is also a valuable material wealth left by China in the history of human polar exploration in the fourth international polar year. The establishment of the station will have a positive impact on improving the level of Antarctic scientific research in China, promoting international cooperation in Antarctica and protecting the Antarctic environment.
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In order to protect the Antarctic environment, people have divided many special protected areas, scientific interest areas, special management areas, historical monuments and so on. Players who want to work in these special protected areas must go through special application and approval.
In order to strengthen environmental protection in Antarctica, it is also stipulated that all Antarctic expeditions in various countries should set up officials in charge of environmental protection and educate expedition members on environmental protection knowledge and measures. Research ships and stations in various countries should establish treatment devices for pollutants such as sewage, garbage and oil pollution to classify all kinds of garbage and pollutants; Special attention should be paid to protecting the ecological environment and natural landscape of Antarctica.
Animals and plants outside Antarctica are not allowed to be introduced into Antarctica, so as not to bring pests and diseases.
In addition to exploration, fishing and investigation, human beings have another way of activity in the polar regions. According to the incomplete statistics of British Antarctic Survey in 1997, there were 16 ships and several planes carrying about 9,000 people to the South Pole in 1996. Although the behavior of tourists is restricted, it is impossible not to have an impact on the Antarctic environment.
1989 65438+ 10, the Argentine passenger and cargo ship "Paradise Bay" was wrecked in the Antarctic Peninsula, and more than 1000 tons of diesel and gasoline were discharged into the sea, causing extensive pollution. On the bus are tourists going to Palmer station in the United States.
In addition, some cargo ships or tourist boats throw garbage into polar waters, and most of them are non-biodegradable plastic garbage, which has caused great damage to the polar environment. Investigators once saw a sea lion swallow a large piece of plastic by mistake and suffocated to death. Therefore, at the 2 1 Antarctic treaty consultation meeting of 1997, representatives of all countries unanimously called for curbing Antarctic tourism and non-governmental activities and strengthening the management of Antarctic tourism by economic measures.
Baidu encyclopedia-Antarctic scientific research station
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