Visiting the elderly with fractures and giving them vitamin C can help them recover their bones.
If you don't get sunshine all the time, it will easily lead to vitamin D deficiency in the elderly. After fracture, you should not only take more sun to supplement vitamin D, but also try to eat foods containing vitamin D, such as fish, liver and egg yolk.
A high-protein diet helps the elderly to recover. This diet is only suitable for the elderly two weeks after fracture, and it is best to give priority to a light diet in the early stage of fracture.
For the elderly who have been fractured for more than five weeks, they need more nutrition. They may wish to drink some old hen soup and pig bone soup. Soup drinks are not only nutritious, but also beneficial to digestion and absorption.
More trace elements should be supplemented, which can effectively help the elderly to recover their bones. Many foods are suitable for ingestion, such as animal liver, seafood, soybeans, sunflower seeds, mushrooms and so on. These foods are rich in zinc.
Etiology of fracture Fracture can be caused by trauma or osteopathy, and the fracture caused by osteopathy is called pathological fracture. The main causes of fractures are as follows.
1) direct violence directly acts on the injured part, and the fracture is at the same level as the trauma. There are often soft tissue injuries here.
2) Indirect violence causes fractures to occur outside the point of violence through conduction, leverage, rotation or muscle contraction, and fractures are not in the same place as external forces. For example, after ankle sprain, the transmission of force leads to medial and lateral ankle fractures.
3) Fracture caused by long-term, repeated and slight direct or indirect stress acting on the bones of a certain part of the limb is also called fatigue fracture. For example, the 2nd and 3rd metatarsals and fibular shaft 1/3 fractures during long-distance walking. Fractures often have no obvious displacement.
4) Osteopathy Osteopathy (such as osteomyelitis, osteoporosis, bone tumor, etc. ) leads to bone destruction, bone strength decline, and fractures that can occur under the action of small external forces are called pathological fractures.
Emergency treatment of fracture 1. Evaluation of the general situation First, evaluate the general situation of the patient, whether there is shock and damage to important organs such as brain, chest and abdomen. If you are in a state of shock, you should immediately open the venous channel for infusion and give blood transfusion if necessary, with anti-shock and treatment of life-threatening organ damage as the primary task. At the same time, we should pay attention to heat preservation and minimize moving. Coma patients with craniocerebral injury should pay attention to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed.
2. Wound treatment Open fractures often have wound bleeding, and most of them can be bandaged with pressure to stop bleeding. If a large blood vessel is ruptured and it is difficult to stop bleeding with pressure bandage, a tourniquet can be used to stop bleeding. Inflatable tourniquet is the first choice, which is safer, and the pressure and start time must be recorded during the operation. Generally, the upper limbs should be put for about 1 hour, and the lower limbs should be put for about 1.5 hour. If hemostasis is needed, the wound should be compressed to release the tourniquet for about 10 minutes, and then inflated to prevent ischemic necrosis of the distal limb. The wound should be covered with sterile dressing, and if it is unconditional, it should be wrapped with as clean cloth as possible to reduce secondary pollution. If the fracture end has been poked out of the wound and contaminated, but the blood vessels and nerves are not compressed, it should not be reset immediately to avoid bringing dirt into the depth of the wound, and it can be reset after debridement.
3. Fracture fixation is an important measure of fracture first aid. The purpose of emergency fixation of fracture is: ① to reduce the activity of fracture end and relieve the pain of patients; (2) Avoid aggravating collateral damage to soft tissues, blood vessels, nerves or internal organs during handling; ③ Easy to transport. Any patient suspected of having a fracture should be treated as a fracture. Can be fixed with a special splint. If there are no conditions, you can use wooden boards, sticks and branches from local materials. Or the upper limb fracture can fix the affected limb on the chest, and the lower limb fracture can bind and fix the affected limb with the contralateral healthy limb. If the fracture has obvious deformity, the affected limb can be properly traction and fixed, but the secondary nerve injury caused by blind reduction should be avoided.
4. After initial treatment, patients who are transported quickly should be transported to the nearest hospital with conditions and ability to treat them for further treatment.
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