(1) Basic principles of winter diet
The nutritional characteristics of blind eating in winter should be: increasing calories and ensuring sufficient heat energy suitable for catching cold and labor intensity. Protein, fat and carbohydrate should account for 13%~ 15%, 25%~35% and 60%~70% respectively. That is to say, the demand level of protein's supply system at room temperature, by increasing the supply of carbohydrates and fats, the increased heat should be slightly higher. In the supply of vitamins, we should pay special attention to increasing the demand for vitamin C, ingesting enough animal food and soybeans, ensuring the supply of high-quality protein, appropriately increasing oil, of which vegetable oil should account for more than half, and ensuring the adequate supply of vegetables, fruits and milk. If you can meet the above requirements, you can resist the cold in winter and ensure your health. However, at present, in some rural areas of China, people's diet is still mainly based on starch carbohydrates, which often cannot meet the needs of the human body for various nutrients intake, leading to the decline of the body, low disease resistance, and recurrence of old diseases such as colds, asthma and tracheitis.
(2) Foods that should be eaten in winter You can eat the following foods in winter:
Mutton: It is very suitable for eating mutton in winter, because mutton is warm and can bring heat to human body. Traditional Chinese medicine says it is a wonderful product for nourishing Yuanyang, nourishing essence and blood, treating lung deficiency and benefiting strain, and it is a good medicine for nourishing and moistening dryness and strengthening the body. Because mutton contains more calcium and iron than pigs and beef, eating mutton is most beneficial to lung disease, tracheitis, asthma and anemia, postpartum deficiency of both qi and blood and all kinds of deficiency-cold diseases. It is reported that sheep are not easy to get lung disease. Eating mutton and drinking goat's milk often has a therapeutic effect on lung disease. As for tracheitis cough and cold cough, they can be relieved or cured by drinking mutton soup.
Dog meat: Dog meat tastes sweet, salty, sour and warm. Has the effects of calming five internal organs, warming waist and knees, tonifying kidney, strengthening yang, invigorating stomach and benefiting qi. If the old man is weak, his back is sore and his feet are cold, he can cook with dog meat in the twelfth lunar month. Eating dog meat every day in winter can make you feel warm all over and effectively resist the invasion of foreign cold evil. Here are two recipes based on dog meat.
Radish: There is a proverb: Eating radish in winter and ginger in summer does not require a doctor's prescription. When radishes go to the streets, pharmacies don't have to open. Although the above proverbs are exaggerated, they are quite reasonable. In China, radish was first used in Chinese medicine to treat diseases. It has the effects of promoting digestion, relieving cough, resolving phlegm, eliminating dampness, promoting salivation, removing blood stasis and toxic materials, cooling and quenching thirst, and facilitating defecation. If you use white radish to decoct soup, you can cure a cold; Decoct radish, ginger, honey and water to treat cough and asthma; Gas poisoning dizziness, evil area, taking white radish juice; The mixture of white radish juice and lotus root juice is simple and effective in treating hematemesis and hematochezia.
Duck: In winter, besides eating some aphrodisiac food, we should also pay attention to nourishing yin, because "nourishing yin in autumn and winter" is an important principle of TCM health preservation. Duck meat is rich in nutrition and is an excellent nourishing product. According to the Daily Materia Medica, ducks can nourish the yin of the five internal organs. Duck meat is especially suitable for people with fever, especially those with low fever, physical weakness, less food, dry stool and edema. Eating duck meat is the most beneficial. But it is not suitable for people in the middle of deficiency and cold.
Walnut: Also known as walnut, it is called "longevity fruit" in China. There are two meanings. One is that the walnut tree itself has a long life and can survive for hundreds of years. Secondly, its flesh is rich in nutrition, which can strengthen the kidney and brain and make people live longer. Because it produces twice as much heat as grain and lean meat, and contains 40%~50% fat and about 15% protein, eating walnuts in winter is very beneficial to health. Anyone who is weak in winter can eat 1~2 walnuts every morning and evening, which can play a role in nourishing, health care and treatment. If you have cough and asthma, eat a few walnuts before going to bed every night (don't take off the thin clothes on the nuts), and then put a piece of ginger in your mouth and chew it slowly to relieve cough and asthma. In winter, many children suffer from whooping cough. You can use 30 walnuts (even clothes) and eat 3 walnuts in the morning and evening until you finish eating. You can also take 30g of walnut kernel, 30g of rock sugar and 50g of pear/kloc-0. After mashing, add boiled juice, and take 1 spoon each time, three times a day, which can relieve cough and help relieve the illness. If you are often constipated in winter, you can mash 60 grams of walnut kernels and 30 grams of black sesame seeds, take 1 spoon every morning, and send it with warm water. The effect is obvious.
The food mentioned above is just an example. In fact, there are some foods suitable for winter, but these foods must be indispensable in winter. Only in this way can our bodies adapt to the cold winter.
(3) Eat less salty and suffer more.
In winter, Chinese medicine also believes that eating less salty and suffering more. The reason is that winter is the time when the kidney meridian is vigorous, and the kidney dominates salty and the heart dominates bitter. According to the five elements theory of traditional Chinese medicine, salty wins bitter, and kidney water wins heart fire. If you eat too much salty taste, it will make the kidney water that is already too strong more vigorous, thus weakening the power of the heart yang.
Avoid sticky cold food in winter diet, because this kind of food belongs to yin, which is easy to damage the spleen and stomach yang. However, some cold foods are also edible for some people, such as when the viscera are deficient in heat and get angry or have a fever. The upper energizer accumulates heat and gets angry, and the tip of the tongue is red and yellow, mostly due to wind-heat type cold, pharyngitis, tonsillitis or rising heart fire; Excessive heat in the middle energizer leads to excessive internal heat, characterized by Huang Chi in urine, less urine, dry constipation, liking cold drinks, and yellow and thick urine; The heat of lower jiao turns into fire, which is more common in urinary system infections such as pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis, and the tongue root is red and thick. In the above circumstances, you can eat cold food properly. However, it should be noted that it is not advisable to eat too much cold food at a time to prevent damage to the spleen and stomach.
In addition, for normal people, the winter diet should follow the principle of "nourishing yin in autumn and winter" and "Pingyang is worry-free", that is, eating a diet with high calories, such as lotus root, fungus and flax. In order to avoid vitamin deficiency, we should eat more fresh vegetables, such as spinach, rape and mung bean sprouts.