Folk eating habits are mainly wheat, corn and sorghum, supplemented by miscellaneous grains such as buckwheat and glutinous rice. Home-cooked meals are mainly steamed bread, rice soup or noodles. It is customary in the countryside to have two meals a day, three meals when busy, and soup for dinner. It tastes sour and spicy, and the workmanship is fine. Taking wheat flour as an example, steaming, rolling, branding, frying, baking, washing, pressing and spreading have various patterns and styles. Changwu people are hospitable, and the banquet is fried, fried, stewed and fried. Guanzhong and Longdong have both tastes, and they are very particular about color and taste. Generally, there are five kinds of banquets, such as "Five Kui", "Eight Ku Five", "Eight Heavy", "Nine Heavy" and "Ten Full". People pay attention to etiquette, ostentation and extravagance, and rich festivals. They eat noodles, meat dishes and hot pot in the New Year, zongzi in the Dragon Boat Festival, moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival, jujube cakes and laba porridge in Chongyang.
Etiquette communication
Changwu people pay attention to etiquette and friendship in their communication. Send a welcome and be hospitable. Relatives, friends or teachers will hold a banquet to welcome you. Close relatives and friends who go to the exam, take office and travel abroad will hold a banquet to see them off. When opening a business, building a house, moving to a new house, recruiting apprentices, marrying men and women, celebrating the birthday of the elderly and making coffins, we should congratulate each other, give gifts and treat guests, and we should have a "gift book" for future reference.
Folks have always regarded respecting the old and loving the young as a virtue. Worship ancestors and kowtow to elders on holidays. Bow and greet each other with peers. No matter in public or in daily life, the address is cordial and orderly. Walk, enter the door, talk, eat, ride, and be polite to the elderly. When sitting at the table, the younger generation toasted the elders and guests and advised them to eat.
People pay attention to appropriate gifts in their communication. When getting married, give the woman a "box", including clothes, sheets, quilt cover, glasses and so on. Give gifts to the man, including clothes, sheets, quilts, photo albums, vases and cash; Send birthday couplets, birthday wishes, etc. For the elderly who celebrate their birthdays; Baby's full moon presents baby's hat, shoes, children's clothes, toys, etc. Funeral wreath, elegiac couplet, plaque, libation, etc. ; If relatives and friends are killed in the disaster, they will go to condolence or support the property. On other festivals, gifts are given according to the distance and financial ability of relatives and friends, with different thickness.
Changwu people attach importance to family ties, frequent contacts and warm hospitality. Every visitor was warmly received by the host, with at least one cigarette and a cup of tea. Be modest and polite when eating and drinking. Banquets or ordinary simple meals, with the position of the crossbar and the back wall of the house as the top, are polite to guests. During the dinner, the host toasted diligently, persuaded Lai, and shouted "Eat well". When the guests leave, the whole family will be sent out to thank each other and say goodbye.
In an emergency, it has become a traditional fashion for neighbors to help and care for each other. Farmers build houses, rush to harvest and sow seeds, and help workers return to work without compensation. In case of natural and man-made disasters, one place is in trouble, and support is provided from all directions.
Festival custom
the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
The "Spring Festival" on the first day of the first lunar month is commonly known as New Year, Spring Festival, New Year's Day and New Year's Day. I always have noodles and soup for breakfast. Before meals, the younger generation should bow and kowtow to their elders. After dinner, men of the same race get together and go to the village to pay New Year greetings to the elderly. After meeting, relatives and friends will bow down and congratulate each other, no matter in the yard at home or on the roadside at the head of the village. After entering the house, when you encounter a necromancer card that is less than three years old, you should worship it first and then worship it from generation to generation. The elders also showed humility and set the table for them. There are seven dishes and eight bowls for lunch, and there are more than enough hot pots. You can also drink yellow wine.
On New Year's Eve, families get together, laugh and spend the night together. At midnight, radio stations and TV stations rang the annual bell, and firecrackers sounded deafening. Worship the ancestors in the morning and the old people. Adult dolls are beaming and in high spirits. From grade one to grade three, eating long noodles for breakfast increases jiaozi and dullness. Lunch is richer in fat and wine. Visiting relatives and friends, an endless stream, full of warm atmosphere of civilization and peace everywhere.
the Lantern Festival
The Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month is also called "Lantern Festival". Spend the Lantern Festival and play with lanterns. There is a folk saying that "the first day is the fifteenth day of high school". People steam steamed buns and make various images according to the zodiac to worship God to "see the light". The bride's family, fiancee's in-laws and baby's uncle's family should send lanterns and steamed bread in advance. The new wife went back to her family to "hide from the rain". There is also the custom of young daughter-in-law "stealing" calf buns to give birth early. Pay attention to eating bean jelly at night, and also have the habit of eating Yuanxiao. Every year from the 14th to 16th of the first month, the red light is hung high every night, and children play together. Lantern Festival was held in the town of the county seat, and balloons and ribbons were flying all over the sky, which made people see things in a blur. At night, the screen is lit, fireworks are set off, riddles on lanterns are solved, and social fires and theatrical performances are held. On 16, people are playing around and all walks of life are happy, which is called the "journey of all diseases", hoping to get rid of diseases and prolong life.
Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of May, also known as Duanyang, is commonly known as "Dragon Boat Festival". Generation after generation, people attach great importance to it. Get up early at dawn and sweep the dust. Collect mugwort and hang it on the lintel. Children wet their hair with dew, tie mugwort leaves on their heads, and tie sachets on their chests, commonly known as "purses", as playthings. Rubbing nose and ear holes with realgar has the meaning of avoiding plague and expelling insects. For breakfast, we will eat jiaozi, oil cakes, mung bean cakes and steamed bread in the shape of mugwort leaves. Eat stir-fry for lunch, hold a banquet and drink realgar wine. Folk relatives and neighbors exchange zongzi and wormwood steamed bread. When getting married, the man must give the woman a gift, which is called "chasing the festival". Women and children wear colorful "flower ropes" on their hands, feet and wrists, put on flower shoes and wrap their stomachs with flowers. Men, women and children are equipped with wallets with novel shapes, and brothers, sisters and unmarried people exchange wallets as a symbol of friendship.
New Year's Eve
The night on the last day of the twelfth lunar month is called New Year's Eve. On the same day, we thoroughly cleaned the house, pasted the panes of stick grilles, prepared incense sticks and firecrackers, pasted couplets (commonly known as couplets), door gods (Qin Qiong, Jingdezhen) and New Year pictures. In the courtyard, "Spring returns to the earth" is posted, outside the gate, "Going out to see happiness" is posted, on the kang wall, "All diseases are not born" is posted, and indoors, "Life is blessed", "Dragon and Phoenix are auspicious" and "Kirin is sending children" are posted. In the morning, cook the meat, cooking, pressing noodles, was busy eating for the New Year. In the afternoon, parents took their children to visit the grave to worship their ancestors. Anyone who has been dead for less than three years should have a memorial tablet sealed for the hall. Hang a red light in front of the door at night and simmer gently. The whole family smiled and got together to eat "New Year's Eve". The elders give the younger generation "lucky money", and the younger generation kowtows and prays for the elderly. On New Year's Eve, the whole family sat together, talking and laughing, and watched the Spring Festival Gala with great interest.
Social usage
marry
Before marriage, both men and women are introduced by relatives and friends and are free to propose marriage or fall in love. After a period of contact, both sides have no opinions and can perform the engagement formalities. When engaged, the man invited relatives and friends to hold a banquet. The woman and her relatives go to the man's house to receive his clothes and bride price, which is called "meeting relatives". After the engagement, every Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival and Spring Festival, the relatives of the man will go to the woman's house to give gifts, which is called "chasing the festival". After the establishment of marriage, men and women have frequent exchanges and deepened their feelings. Before marriage, both men and women registered their marriages and obtained marriage certificates. The wedding date is decided by both parents, and the day before the wedding date, the woman's family holds a banquet to entertain the guests. On the wedding day, the man put up couplets and hung red cloth at home, beaming, set up tents, slaughtered pigs and sheep, and held a banquet to entertain guests. After the bride enters the room, the wedding ceremony is held, the marriage certificate is read, the witness speaks, the bride and groom enter the bridal chamber, and the old and new customs blend. At the banquet, the bride presented cigarettes, wine and candy. And prepare gifts to thank the media, commonly known as "Grandpa Red". Wedding night, the prevalence of inverted happiness, bridal chamber commonly known as "play house." The bride and groom introduce their love stories, singing and dancing, laughing and laughing. Three days after their marriage, the newlyweds took cakes and candy to their daughter's house to meet their parents-in-law. After 7- 12 marriage, the bride goes back to her family for the same number of days, which is called "pride". Going back to her husband's house and going to her mother's house for one month each is called "flying the moon".
grow
On the second and third day of the month when her daughter was in labor, the woman's mother came to her daughter's house with a cauldron helmet and a baby wrapped in a belly, buckled the pie on the lid, smashed it with boxing, threw the wrapped belly out of the window of her daughter's house, and then entered the house to press the wrapped belly on the bottom of the mat, which was called "beating the pot" to ensure smooth production and safe mother and child. Three days after delivery, the bride's family went to her daughter's house with noodles, commonly known as "milking"; 10- 20 days after delivery, two close relatives and friends of my mother-in-law came to visit the parturient and the baby, bringing pancakes, eggs, dried noodles, red pond and clothes to wish them peace. Having a baby in January means "full (full) month". At the full moon, rich meals will be prepared, relatives and friends will come to congratulate, and the baby's uncle and family will give away sheets, children's clothes, strollers and clothes. General relatives and friends send cloth, children's clothes, toys, etc. At the luncheon, when not prepared, the baby's parents and grandparents will paint red and chase after it. Everyone is very happy.
funeral
After death, family members usually invite Yin and Yang teachers to see Feng Shui and potholes first, and then "collect" the memorial service another day. People attending the memorial ceremony will present gifts (steamed stuffed buns), wreaths, lacquers, couplets, plaques, filial piety accounts, etc. The mourning hall is equipped with portraits of various meals. Dai Xiao, the dutiful son, wore mourning clothes and white shoes. Relatives and friends wear black gauze, black sleeves and white flowers. Hospitality depends on family situation. Blood soup in the morning, meat cooked at noon, ready to burn yellow wine. Before burial the next morning, the soup and vegetables were served together, which was called "wind stirring snow". Apart from the eight sedan chairs, popular tractors and cars escorted the coffin to the funeral, which was majestic and sad. After burial, take back the spirit tablet and offer it at home. The word "death" is taboo in Changwu folk customs. All the dead are called "death" when they are old, "death" when they are mature, "mourning" when they are young and "abandonment" when they are young. More than 50 people are "old mourners" and more than 70 people are "dead". Funerals are all grand. Small mouth less death or abnormal death, more immediate burial. Unmarried men and women do not prepare coffins when they die. They nailed "four walls" around or swept the grass. There is no dark hall in the grave, and the clothes are unbuttoned and buried on the stomach. In a place where two people died in a family 100 days, the coffin can't go out. It is usually broken walls or buried by hanging coffins from behind cliffs.