Classic famous saying
Know yourself and know yourself, and you will be invincible; If you don't know yourself, you will win and lose; If you don't know each other, if you don't know your friends, every battle will be dangerous.
Famous comments
P: the other party. Almost: dangerous. Have a thorough understanding of one's own situation and the other's situation, and be invincible; If you don't know each other's situation and know your own situation, you will win or lose in a fight; If you don't know the other side's situation and your own situation, you will lose every battle.
biography
China strategist Sun Bin. Qi people in the mid-Warring States period. I was lonely when I was young. When I was old, I learned the art of war from Guiguzi, which showed my amazing military talent. Unexpectedly, he was assassinated for this. ...
When Sun Bin studied the art of war with Guiguzi, he had a younger brother named Pang Juan. Although Pang Juan's academic talent is much worse than Sun Bin's, he is a cunning man, good at tinkering around the edges, and easy to be ignored. When he and Sun Bin were classmates, they were jealous of Sun Bin's talent, but he never showed it in his mouth. He repeatedly said that he must recommend his brother and share the wealth in the future. Sun Bin, who is kind-hearted, is commensurate with the Pang Juan brothers, just like his own brothers.
In the past few years, Sun Bin and Pang Juan have made great progress in the art of war and military strategy through the careful training of Guiguzi. At this time, Wei Huiwang came the news of recruiting talents. Pang Juan, originally from Wei, felt the opportunity came and decided to go down the mountain to answer the phone. When he left, he promised Sun Bin that once the trip went smoothly, he would immediately introduce his brother down the mountain to help him do something. Sun Bin naturally expressed his deep gratitude and told him to take care. They both said goodbye with tears in their eyes.
When Pang Juan arrived in Wei, he gave gifts to intercede. Before long, he met Wei Huiwang. After all, Pang Juan also had some skills, which quickly gained the appreciation of Wei Huiwang, and he was named general. Subsequently, Pang Juan led the army to fight with Wei and Song, and won several battles. Pang Juan became a household name of Wei, and was deeply loved from then on.
Pang Juan was happy for a long time, and then suddenly he was silent. It turns out that he has a heart disease: in terms of fighting methods, no one in the world can catch up with him except Sun Bin. At the thought of Sun Bin, he has an indescribable taste. According to your original promise, you should recommend Sun Bin to Wei Huiwang, and Sun Bin's reputation and prestige will soon surpass yourself; Break one's original promise. Once Sun Bin went to other countries, he could only display his talents, not his own opponents. Pang Juan couldn't sleep well, thinking about countermeasures day and night.
One day, Sun Bin, who was studying the art of war on the mountain, received a secret letter from Pang Juan. Pang Juanxian described the courtesy he received in Wei in his letter. Then he said that he strongly recommended his brother's unparalleled talent and persuaded him to be invited to be a general in Wei. Sun Bin read the letter and thought that he would have a chance to show his talents. Deeply impressed by his brother's loyalty, he immediately took people to the capital of Wei.
After Sun Bin came, Pang Juan gave a big banquet and treated him with great hospitality. A few days later, there was no news of Wei Huiwang, and Pang Juan didn't mention it. Sun Bin naturally inconvenience to ask more, so we have to wait patiently.
On this day, Sun Bin was so idle that he found a book to read. Suddenly, there was a noise outside the house. Before he knew what was going on, he was tied up by the soldiers who broke into the house and pushed to a place. An official immediately declared Sun Bin guilty of adultery and was ordered to be punished. Sun Bin was startled by this sudden thing, then realized it and defended himself loudly. However, it's too late. Too many cooks, such as peak sexually soldiers, stripped Sun Bin of his underwear, drew his sword and gouged out two kneecaps of Sun Bin, and tattooed a crime sign on his face. Sun Bin was lying in a pool of blood.
It turns out that after Pang Juan cheated Sun Bin, he was framed in front of Wei Huiwang, and Sun Bin was injured. Pang Juan thought that after being punished, Sun Bin became a disabled person, even if he had great skills, it was difficult to compete with himself.
Sun Bin's wound is gradually healing, but he can't stand up, and someone has been watching him. He knew that Pang Juan was setting him up, and he gnashed his teeth, but it was useless. We must find a way out. Soon, Sun Bin went crazy. He was crying, laughing and screaming. The delivery man brought the food, but threw the bowl and rice far away. Hearing this, Pang Juan didn't believe that Sun Bin would be crazy, so he was thrown into the pigsty and secretly sent for observation. Sun Bin collapsed in the pigsty, covered in pig manure, and even stuffed it into his mouth to chew. Pang Juan thought that Sun Bin was really crazy, and the supervision was gradually relaxed.
Sun Bin's playing the fool has worked. He secretly stepped up his search for an opportunity to escape from the jaws of death. One day, he heard that an emissary of Qi had come to Daliang, so he found a gap and secretly visited. After listening to Sun Bin's account, the envoys of Qi thought he was very talented and admired him, and promised to help him escape. In this way, Sun Bin hid in the car of Qi envoys and secretly returned to Qi.
At this time, it is time for Wei Qi to strive for hegemony and struggle constantly. As early as 386 BC, the emerging landlord class, represented by Tian Guizu, carried out a series of social reforms after Qi came to power, selecting civil and military talents, sticking to the frontier and resisting foreign invasion. After Sun Bin returned to China, he soon met Tian Ji, the general of Qi State. Tian Ji appreciated Sun Bin's talent very much, so he left him in the house and treated him with courtesy.
Tian Ji likes horse racing, but he often loses. Once, he competed with Qi Weiwang in horse racing, and the horse ranked third, middle and bottom, and lost all three races. Tian Ji was very depressed. At this time, Sun Bin was present, so he gave Tian Ji an idea and said, "When you get on the horse against Ma Zhong, get off the horse against Ma Zhong and get off the horse against Wang Wei in the next round, you will definitely win." Tian Ji acted according to the plan, resulting in the advantage of two games and the disadvantage of one game, and got the daughter of the King of Qi with the result of one loss and two wins. Qi Weiwang, who has always won, unexpectedly lost this time. He asked Tian Ji why. Tian Ji called Sun Bin and took this opportunity to recommend him to Qi Weiwang.
Qi Weiwang saw that he was a disabled person and his legs were tortured. At first, he didn't mind. When Sun Bin stated his views on war, Qi Weiwang deliberately asked, "In your opinion, can you conquer the world without using force?" Sun Bin decisively replied: "This is impossible. Only when you win will the world surrender. " Then, he cited examples of Huangdi attacking seclusion, Yaodi attacking industry, recruiting three seedlings, attacking Zhou and so on, indicating that all previous dynasties solved problems by force and achieved national reunification by war. This profound and original analysis greatly shocked Qi Weiwang. When asked about the art of war, Sun Bin gushed and answered like a stream. Qi Weiwang thinks that Sun Bin is really not simple. From then on, he was honored as "Mr." and regarded him as a teacher.
In 354 BC, Pang Juan, the general of Wei State, sent 80,000 troops and besieged Handan, the capital of Zhao State. Unable to resist, Zhao sent messengers to Qi for help. Qi Weiwang wants to send Sun Bin as a general and lead his troops to help Zhao. Declined politely, Sun Bin said, "I am a disabled person who has been punished. It's not convenient to lead troops I'd better ask Dr. Tian to be a general. I will give you an idea from the side! " Qi Weiwang wanted to think, so he worshipped Tian Ji as a general and Sun Bin as a strategist, and sent his troops to save Zhao. As soon as the army came out, Tian Ji wanted to go straight to Handan and quickly solve the siege of Zhao. Sun Bin disapproved of this tactic of bashing head-on, and proposed to take advantage of the emptiness of Wei's domestic forces to send troops straight to the capital of Wei, forcing Wei Jun to rush to Zhao for rescue. This kind of strategic thinking will avoid the fatigue of the Qi army's long-distance attack, which will lead to Wei Jun's passivity and be immediately adopted by Tian Ji, leading the Qi army to kill the girder.
Wei Jun managed to capture Handan, but the news came that the Qi army was besieged and the capital of Wei was in an emergency. Pang Juan didn't leave his army. Except for a few troops defending Handan, he was busy leading the army to help the girders. Unexpectedly, when I arrived in Guiling, I was surrounded by the Qi army. Wei Jun has been fighting hard for a long time, and its foot soldiers are tired. How can he fight the Qi army? Results were beaten out of the water, be defeated and flee, even the Lord Pang Juan was captured alive. Finally, Wei had to make peace with Qi and return it to Handan obediently. This is the famous battle of "encircling Wei to save Zhao" in history. In fact, it is also a heavy blow from Sun Bin to Pang Juan. But Sun Bin didn't kill Pang Juan. He just disciplined him and let him go.
After the Battle of Guiling 10 years, that is, in 342 BC, Pang Juan led 65,438+10,000 troops and 1000 personnel carriers to attack South Korea in three ways. Small South Korea can't resist Pang Juan's attack. At that time, the situation was critical, so envoys were sent to Qi for help. Qi Weiwang called ministers to discuss countermeasures. Some advocate doing nothing, others advocate sending troops to rescue, and they are deadlocked. Sun Bin didn't speak. Qi Weiwang saw this and said, "Do you think these two opinions are wrong?" Sun Bin nodded and said, "Yes. I think Wei bullied the weak, and if South Korea is occupied, it will definitely be bad for Qi, so I don't agree with the idea of self-destruction. However, Wei is in full swing now. If we rush to send troops, won't we take the initial blow instead of the Korean army? " Qi Weiwang said, "Well, what should I do according to my husband's opinion?" Sun Bin said: "I think we can agree to the request of the ROK first. They know that we can send troops to save it, and we must fight against the invading Wei Jun with all our strength; After fierce fighting in Wei Jun, human and material resources will also be greatly consumed. At that time, we will send troops to attack the exhausted Wei Jun and save South Korea in danger, so that we can use less force, see more results, win easily and benefit a lot. I wonder what your majesty thinks? " Qi Weiwang appreciated Sun Bin's suggestion and immediately adopted it. A year later, when the fighting between Wei and Han armies became more intense and the strength of both sides was greatly weakened, Qi Weiwang decided to send troops to participate in the fighting, with Tian Ji as the main commander and Sun Bin as the strategist. So, Sun Bin and Pang Juan met again on the battlefield and launched a large-scale life-and-death contest.
At the beginning of the campaign, according to Sun Bin's plan, the Qi army went straight ahead and targeted the attack at the capital girder of Wei. Soon after, Sun Bin learned that Pang Juan had returned to Beijing and said to Tian Ji, "Wei Jun has always been brave and good at fighting, and now he is eager to fight a decisive battle with our army. We must seize this kind of psychology and induce them to be fooled. " Tian Ji said, "The strategist means ..." Sun Bin interjected: "We can pretend to be timid and lure the enemy in by forcing the troops to cut corners." Subsequently, Sun Bin described Tian Ji like this. Pang Juan returned to Wei day and night, and he ordered to seize the main force of the Qi army and fight to the end. Unexpectedly, the Qi army refused to participate in the war, and retreated eastward at the slightest contact. Pang Juan followed closely. On the first day, I saw that there were 65,438+10,000 cooking stoves in the camp of Qi Army. The next day, there were 50 thousand people left in the kitchen; On the third day, there were only thirty thousand people left. Pang Juan was very happy to see this place, and proudly said, "I know that the soldiers of Qi are cowards, and now most of them have escaped in less than three days!" So he ordered: leave the infantry and heavy supplies, concentrate the cavalry to advance lightly, and pursue and annihilate the Qi army.
Sun Bin learned of Pang Juan's report on the pursuit of the Qing Dynasty and happily said to everyone: "The end of Pang Juan is here!" At this time, the Qi army just came to a place called Maling. Maling is located between two high mountains, with dense trees and dangerous mountains. There is only a narrow path in the middle, which is a good battlefield for ambush and body count. Sun Bin ordered: cut down trees on the spot and block the path; Choose another big tree by the roadside, scrape off a section of bark and write on the trunk: "Pang Juan died under this tree!" " "A few characters. Subsequently, 65,438+/kloc-0,000,000 archers were ordered to ambush in the dense forests on both sides, and were told to shoot together as long as they saw a fire in Shu Da at night. While speaking, in the evening, Pang Juan led Shen Jun cavalry really came to Maling. Hearing that the road ahead was blocked by trees, Pang Juan was busy looking ahead. In the twilight, he saw a big tree by the road, and there was a faint word on the white stubble, so he ordered someone to light the fire. When Pang Juan saw the thread on the tree, he was surprised and knew that he had been cheated by Sun Bin. He advised Wei Jun to stop, but it was too late. The Qi army in ambush in the forest was in full swing, and Wei Jun, who was caught off guard, suffered numerous casualties and was flustered. Pang Juan was seriously injured, knowing that the defeat was decided, he drew his sword and killed himself. Qi attacked Wei Jun's follow-up troops, and even Prince Wei was captured.
Sun Bin skillfully defeated the powerful Wei State with Indiana Jones one after another, and his fame soon spread all over the world. After Ma Ling's triumph, the King of Qi wanted to give Sun Bin an official title and knighthood, but he refused and even asked to be relieved of his position as a military adviser. Later, he found a secluded place, recruited several students, summarized and studied the knowledge of the art of war he had learned in his early years and his own combat experience, and wrote 89 articles of Sun Bin's Art of War with 4 volumes of battle maps.
After that, Sun Bin's fame spread all over the vassal states. Sun Bin's The Art of War was probably lost at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. 1972 was rediscovered in the Han Tomb of Que Shanxi in Linyi, Shandong Province. There are more than eleven thousand words.
Famous comments
(Tang) Zhou Tan: I once doubted that I was better than myself, and I hurt the sage, knowing that I would soon set myself on fire. It's not enough to break your foot, so no one will give you money when they meet you. (Bin Sun)
Mao Zedong: Because he defeated Wei Jun, he was a legendary man.
Wei Xinyi: Turning enemies into friends, deceiving others and being jealous are the dramatic connotations of this war (the Battle of Maling).