Changsha ancient painting opera is a traditional opera in Hunan. Taking Changsha Mandarin as the stage language is one of the most influential languages in Hunan ancient painting drama. It is developed from rural folk songs, traditional folk tunes and local flower drums (including playing flower drums and ground flower drums-flower drum lanterns), and has a history of 160 years. Changsha ancient painting drama has developed from "the second small" (clown, Xiao Dan) to "the third small" (the second small plus pupils), and then from "the third small" to various roles. However, it is still an important feature of Changsha ancient painting drama, which is dominated by "three small schools".

Changsha ancient painting drama is popular in Changsha, Hua Shan (now Wangcheng), Xiangyin and Changsha ancient painting drama "Bu Guo", which is based on rural folk songs, folk tunes and local ancient paintings in Liuyang, Liling, Xiangxiang, Ningxiang, Yiyang, Anhua, Chaling and Youxian, and its formation period is the last leaf of the Qing Dynasty.