The planting method of ginseng is strict with soil, so it should be planted in sandy loam and humus loam with rich organic matter and good permeability to avoid continuous cropping. Applying sufficient base fertilizer and spraying a new high-fat film on the soil surface can preserve moisture, prevent evaporation, prevent sun and drought, keep warm and prevent freezing, prevent soil hardening and suffocation, and isolate the source of pests and diseases.
Seed propagation is the main way to accelerate germination. Mix 1 seeds with 3 grains of river sand, put them in a germination box and put them in an appropriate place indoors or outdoors to accelerate germination. Pay attention to frequent inspection, controlled temperature sowing, soil preparation and planting, and spray a new high-fat film 600-800 times on the soil surface, which can keep moisture and prevent evaporation and improve the emergence rate.
Management method: Generally, loosen soil and weed 3-5 times a year to prevent soil hardening, properly water and protect seedlings, and ginseng needs a lot of fertilizer. According to the needs of plants, timely fertilization and spraying Gendaling can promote the transportation of photosynthetic products (nutrients) on leaves to the roots, improve the nutrient conversion rate and loosening ability, make the roots expand rapidly and greatly improve the content of effective substances.
Ginseng planting skills 1, soil selection
Ginseng requires rich soil humus, deep soil layer, loose texture, strong water permeability and good drainage. Forest humus soil is the best, neutral or slightly acidic soil is better, and alkaline soil is not suitable for planting. Remember, please don't use soil planted by farmers or vegetables!
2. Humidity control
Ginseng has strict requirements on water content. Remember that when watering, ginseng leaves or buds should not be wet with water. If you water the leaves, they will wither or rot easily. Generally, you don't need to water thoroughly, just wet it with a watering can! Ginseng love the water, afraid of waterlogging. Too much water, when the soil moisture exceeds 50%, will cause insufficient air in the soil, affect the root respiration of ginseng, and easily infect diseases and rot roots. If the water content is too small, when the soil water content is lower than 30%, it will cause the water diffusion of ginseng roots, make ginseng fibrous roots dry up and reduce the yield. Ginseng needs suitable soil moisture during its growing period, which should be kept at about 40% in spring and 45% in summer? 50%, keep it at 40% in autumn? 50% easy, annual humidity range of 40%? 50% is better.
3. Lighting conditions
Ginseng is a shade-loving plant, which likes to scatter weak light and is afraid of direct sunlight. The light is too strong, the plants are short and the leaves are thick and yellow. The light is too weak, the plants are thin and tall, the leaves are thin and dark green, and they grow normally. Therefore, planting ginseng in Changbai Mountain should shade, adjust light transmittance, avoid direct strong light, and use scattered light and refracted light.
4. Comfortable temperature
Ginseng is afraid of high temperature and cold. During the growth and development, the average temperature is 65438 0 5? 30℃ is more suitable. When the temperature is higher than 30℃ or lower than 10℃, ginseng is dormant. It is also safe to overwinter in the cold of -40℃ in winter. Ginseng regenerated buds can germinate and grow above the ground temperature 12%℃ in spring, but they are most afraid of early spring. Slow sun and biting bones? (that is, the temperature is high and low, and the surface is frozen and thawed), which is easy to cause freezing injury and root skin damage (? Broken belly? ) 。 The required temperature at seedling stage after sowing is above 65438 00℃, and 65438 0? The 2-year-old requirement is stable above 65438 02℃, and the suitable temperature for the growing period is 20? At 30℃, under the scorching sun above 36℃, the leaves were burnt; Below? At 6℃, the stem will lose its growth function.
5, fertilizer requirements
Ginseng likes fertilizer. After fertilization, ginseng grows rapidly, ranging from tens of grams a year. Without fertilization, ginseng leaves will turn yellow and will not grow luxuriantly. However, it is not recommended to apply bio-chemical fertilizer, which may cause ginseng to burn its roots. Therefore, when fertilizing, perilla seeds or soybean powder should be generally selected, which is a kind of green fertilizer with stamina.
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