Miao nationality, an ancient nationality, is scattered all over the world, mainly in Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Qiong and other provinces in China, as well as Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and other countries and regions in Southeast Asia? .

2. clothes

Miao costumes are not only diverse in style, but also have the most national characteristics. On the whole, Miao costumes have maintained the traditional weaving, embroidery, picking and dyeing techniques in China. While using one main technique, they often use other techniques, either picking embroidery, dyeing embroidery or ribbon embroidery, thus making these costumes colorful and showing distinctive national artistic characteristics. Miao costumes are diverse and colorful.

Step 3 prescribe diet

In most areas, Miao people have three meals a day, and rice is the staple food. Fried Baba is the most common fried food. If you add some fresh meat and sauerkraut as stuffing, the taste will be more delicious. Most meat comes from livestock and poultry farming. Miao people in Sichuan and Yunnan all like to eat dog meat, and there is a saying that "Miao's dog is Yi's wine".

In addition to animal oil, Miao people's edible oils are mostly tea oil and vegetable oil. Pepper is the main condiment, and in some areas there is even a saying that it is inseparable from pepper. There are many kinds of Miao vegetables. Common vegetables are beans, melons, greens and radishes. Most Miao people are good at making bean products. Miao people everywhere generally like to eat sauerkraut, and sour soup is a must for every family. Sour soup is rice soup or tofu water, fermented in a crock for 3-5 days, and then used to cook fish and vegetables. ?

The food preservation of Miao people generally adopts pickling method, and vegetables, chickens, ducks and fish like to be pickled into sour taste. Almost every Miao family has a jar for curing food, which is collectively called a sour jar. Miao nationality has a long history of brewing, and has a set of techniques from koji making, fermentation, distillation, blending and cellar storage. Camellia oleifera is the most common daily drink.

Miao people in Xiangxi also specially made a kind of scented tea. Sour soup is also a common drink. Typical foods mainly include: blood soup, Chili bone, Miaoxiang Guifeng soup, cotton vegetable cake, insect tea, scented tea, fish paste, sour soup fish and so on.

4. Architecture

Most Miao people live in mountainous areas with high mountains and steep slopes. It is very difficult to level and dig the foundation. In addition, the weather is rainy and changeable, wet and foggy, and the bottom of brick houses is very heavy, which is not suitable for living. Therefore, the Miao people have been building dry wooden buildings with good ventilation, which are called "Diaojiaolou".

Miao people's diaojiao buildings are generally built on slopes, divided into two or three floors. The top floor is very short, and only food can't live in people. Stack sundries downstairs or make a barn. Two floors without a top floor. Generally, bamboo paste is used as the wall, and the top is covered with grass. Now it's mostly changed to tile roofs.

Extended data:

Taboo of living customs: In some Miao areas, it is forbidden to wash and drink rice retort, rice bag and rice basin at any time, only when eating new rice, to show that the old rice is removed and the new rice is welcomed. Washing at any time will wash away the family wealth and there is not enough food. Drinking raw water in the mountains should not be directly drunk. You must mark the grass first to show that you are killing sick ghosts. Don't touch other people's clothes on the roadside, so as not to catch leprosy. Avoid children playing with small bows and arrows at home for fear of shooting their ancestors. Avoid crossing the child's head, or the child will not grow tall. It is forbidden for women to sit on a bench with their elders.

Maternity taboo: pregnant women give birth and avoid outsiders. The wrong person should wash his feet and drink a bowl of cold water when going out to prevent the maternal milk from being "trampled dry". Maternal avoid eating old beef, pork, pheasant, small fish, vegetables, peppers and so on. In some Miao areas, it is forbidden for pregnant women to meet pregnant women and go to other mothers' homes, otherwise it will be considered as prolonging the delivery period.

Farming taboo: Miao people send manure back to the fields for the first time every year, and it is forbidden to meet outsiders. If they meet, they are forbidden to say hello. When planting seedlings, if you see fish in the Miao Di, don't say fish, or the fish will eat the roots of the seedlings. When some villages harvest millet, the ears are small and they are not harvested. If children ask, don't say "no", say "they haven't grown up yet", otherwise Xiaomi will refuse to grow again because of sadness. Don't mention mice in Tanaka, for fear of hearing them destroy crops, you can only call them "their father and son" instead. Avoid May Day. After the first month in beginning of spring, avoid breaking ground and carrying water on May Day.

Funeral taboo: In some Miao areas, male death is forbidden during the day and female death is forbidden at night. Think that the time is wrong, the deceased must be accompanied by another opposite sex. Therefore, he was unwell when he died. When he lost his family, he often asked the wizard to say a spell and then "change". At the same time, he made a palm-sized wooden coffin to be buried with him, indicating that he had a companion.

Avoid putting iron, copper and other non-silver metals, cotton and tung oil in the coffin, thinking that the deceased can't buy water to drink on the way back to the east, and iron and copper will toss the deceased. In some Miao areas, you can work in the village on the Day of the Dead, but don't go to the fields. On that day, people in the same village should avoid collecting firewood and go home, otherwise the firewood collectors will have disaster. During the suspension of classes, family members are forbidden to eat vegetables. After burial 1 month, nothing in the house may be sold or borrowed.

Baidu encyclopedia-Miao nationality