Northeast Plain, or Songliao Plain (in a broad sense) and Kanto Plain, is one of the three major plains in China and the largest plain in China. It is located in the northeast of China and consists of Sanjiang Plain, Songnen Plain and Liaohe Plain. It spans Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia, and is located between Daxing 'anling and Xiaoxing 'anling. It starts from the middle reaches of Nenjiang River in the north and reaches Liaodong Bay in the south, with a length of about 100 from north to south.

Northeast plain is located in temperate zone and warm zone, and has continental and monsoon climate characteristics. Summer is short, warm and rainy; Winter is long and cold, and there is almost no snow. Monsoon alternates between winter and summer. The average temperature in July is 2 1 ~ 26℃, and the average temperature in June is -24 ~-9℃. The active accumulated temperature above 10℃ is 2200 ~ 3600℃, which decreases from south to north. The annual precipitation is 350 ~ 700 mm, decreasing from southeast to northwest.

The northeast plain is surrounded by piedmont alluvial plains and platforms, with an altitude of about 200 meters. The form of the platform in the north is obviously preserved, and the strong erosion in the south is shallow hills. Wind-blown sand landforms are developed in the southwest of the plain, forming an alluvial plain covered with sand dunes in a large area. The northeast end of the plain is connected with Sanjiang Plain along the Songhua River Basin.

The northeast plain is fertile and is one of the only three black soil areas in the world. The grain output of the four northeastern provinces (regions) accounts for one-third of the total national output. It is an important production base of grain, soybean and animal husbandry in China, and also an important base of coal, steel, machinery, energy and chemical industry in China.

Extended data:

Natural resources in Songliao Plain;

1, mineral resources

Oil is the most important mineral resource in the Northeast Plain. Due to the uplift and contraction of the northern plain basin, huge thick sediments were produced, which provided favorable conditions for oil generation. The three major oilfields in the Northeast Plain are Daqing Oilfield, Jilin Oilfield and Liaohe Oilfield. ?

Besides abundant petroleum resources, the Northeast Plain is also rich in high-grade mineral resources such as coal, gold, limestone and agate. By 2008, the proven coal reserves were 654.38+500 million tons, and the prospective coal reserves were 248 million tons. The proven gold reserves 15.4 tons, and the prospective reserves are 58.7 tons. The reserves of limestone are more than several billion tons, which provides favorable conditions for the development of mineral exploitation and processing.

2. Land resources

Woodland in Northeast Plain is distributed in mountains and hills, and cultivated land is distributed in plains and terraces, hills and mountains. Grassland is distributed in hills, plains, mountains and terraces. Sandy land, that is, Horqin sandy land, saline-alkali wasteland is distributed in the middle of Songnen Plain, and wetlands are distributed in Sanjiang Plain, along the banks of the river and at the bends where water is accumulated.

3. Biological resources

Northeast Plain is the key forest area in China, with 43.93 million hectares of forest land and a total forest stock of 3.7 billion cubic meters. The northeast forest region has a complete variety of wood and excellent forest quality, with more than 100 kinds of trees. There are more than 0/000 species of wild animals in the whole region. In addition to more than 30 kinds of rare animals such as dragons, eagles, swans, Siberian tigers, deer and sable, there are also forest frogs and pheasants with high economic value.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Songliao Plain