Hello, most elderly patients have a long history of smoking and chronic bronchitis. At the beginning of emphysema, I only feel chest tightness and shortness of breath when I work or go upstairs. With the progress of the disease, they will be short of breath in general activities, even when dressing, talking and even resting. In severe cases, due to lack of oxygen, their lips and fingers appear cyanosis, and in cold seasons, they are prone to acute lung infection.

It is mainly symptomatic treatment such as relieving cough and resolving phlegm. At the same time, you can also use Chinese medicine to recuperate.

Guiding opinions:

Prevention and treatment measures: firstly, we should eliminate the stimulation of increased airway resistance, control and prevent infection, maintain respiratory hygiene and prevent the further development of the disease. Emphysema is difficult to cure in the later stage. Quitting smoking can reduce lung infection and sputum secretion, and improve dyspnea. Simply seeking the help of drugs can not completely alleviate the condition. Elderly patients should learn how to breathe correctly, that is, abdominal breathing, and strengthen breathing exercises, such as breathing gymnastics, Tai Ji Chuan, Qigong, etc. It can increase the amplitude of diaphragm movement and increase the degree of pulmonary dilatation, which is beneficial to the discharge of sputum in bronchus. Medical exercise can enhance physical fitness, enhance the body's resistance and develop cardiopulmonary compensatory function, which is one of the comprehensive treatment methods for this disease.

Life care:

In addition to maintaining psychological balance after illness, we should give up smoking, prevent colds, exercise properly, use drugs properly and have oxygen therapy at home. We can also adopt the following diet therapy methods.

(1) Dianthus almond and mung bean porridge: gypsum 40g, fresh bamboo leaves 15g, bitter almond 15g, mung bean 50g, platycodon grandiflorum 10g, dried tangerine peel 20g, proper amount of sugar and polished rice 150g. Add appropriate amount of water to gypsum and fry for 30 minutes. Filter to remove residue and get juice for later use. Wash japonica rice, put it into the pot with mung beans, add appropriate amount of water, boil it with strong fire, and then simmer it with slow fire. After the porridge is cooked, pour in the medicine juice and sugar, cook for a while, and take it warm. Take it with a dose of 1 day for 3-5 days.

(2) Sweet-scented osmanthus walnut jelly: fresh sweet-scented osmanthus 15g, walnut kernel 250g, cream 100g, and proper amount of sugar. Grind walnut kernel with water, add appropriate amount of water into the pot, bring to a boil, add white sugar and stir evenly, then mix walnut kernel pulp juice and white sugar juice evenly, add cream and stir evenly, then bring to a boil with high fire, take out the pot and put it into a box.

(3) Houttuynia pig lung soup: Houttuynia 60g (dry product 30g), pig lung 200g, salt and monosodium glutamate. Firstly, the pig lung is washed, drained and cut into pieces, then the houttuynia cordata is put into a casserole, boiled with appropriate amount of clear water, and the residue is removed to obtain juice, then the medicinal juice is put into a pot with pig lung pieces, first boiled with strong fire, then stewed with slow fire until the pig lung is cooked, and then salt and monosodium glutamate are added.

Disease analysis:

Emphysema refers to the pathological state that the distal airway elasticity of terminal bronchioles (respiratory bronchioles, alveolar tubes, alveolar sacs, alveoli) decreases, expands excessively, inflates to increase lung volume or is accompanied by airway wall destruction. According to its pathogenesis, emphysema has the following types: senile emphysema, compensatory emphysema, interstitial emphysema, focal emphysema, paraseptal emphysema and obstructive emphysema.

Guiding opinions:

Diet therapy for emphysema

Patients with emphysema need to pay attention to the nutritional supplement of diet in order to get conditioning and treatment.

Dietary taboo

① Avoid spicy food. Avoid spicy food, such as pepper, onion, garlic, wine, etc. Because it stimulates tracheal mucosa, it will aggravate cough, asthma, palpitation and other symptoms and induce asthma, so it should be avoided.

(2) Do not eat fishy and greasy products. Fish cooked by non-steaming method is easy to get angry because it uses too much oil. In addition, people with allergies and high blood uric acid (such as gout patients) should also eat less oily yellow croaker, hairtail, shrimp, crab and fat, so as not to help the fire produce phlegm.

Avoid gas-producing foods, such as sweet potatoes, leeks, etc., because it is not good for lung qi, you should eat more alkaline foods.

No smoking. Smoking is one of the bane of bronchitis, which is extremely unfavorable to asthmatic bronchitis and should be absolutely prohibited.

(2) Proper diet

(1) protein and sufficient supply of iron. Eat lean meat, animal liver, tofu, soybean milk, etc. These foods are not only rich in high-quality protein and iron, but also have no disadvantages of increasing phlegm and getting angry, which is conducive to strengthening patients' physique, improving disease resistance and promoting the repair of damaged tissues.

② Eat more foods containing vitamins A, C and calcium. Foods containing vitamin A, such as pork liver, egg yolk, cod liver oil, carrots, pumpkins, apricots, etc. It has the effect of moistening lung and protecting trachea. Foods containing vitamin C have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-cold effects, such as jujube, grapefruit, tomato and green pepper. Calcium-containing foods can enhance the anti-allergic ability of trachea, such as pig bones, vegetables, tofu, sesame paste and so on. It should be noted that dairy products can thicken sputum and make it difficult to discharge, thus aggravating infection, so the intake of milk and its products should be restricted.

(3) increase liquid intake. Drinking plenty of water is beneficial to sputum dilution and keeping trachea unobstructed; Drink at least 2000 ml of water (including water in food) every day.

(4) Regular consumption of edible fungi can regulate immune function. For example, mushrooms contain lentinan and mushroom polysaccharide, which can enhance the body's resistance and reduce the attack of bronchial asthma.

(3) Examples of recipes for asthma patients

Formula example Ⅰ

Breakfast: rice porridge, gold and silver rolls (half corn flour and half flour), braised pork liver.

Lunch: rice, steamed snakehead, fried tofu with vegetables.

Dinner: pork, cabbage, jiaozi, bone, radish and black fungus soup.

Extra meal: bananas

Formula example Ⅱ

Breakfast: sugar soybean milk, sesame paste cake, mixed with three shreds (green pepper, beef, dried incense)

Lunch: rice, stewed chicken and vegetarian fried amaranth.

Dinner: Corn porridge, fried belly slices, sweet and sour cabbage.

Extra meal: apples

Disease analysis:

Emphysema refers to the pathological state that the airway elasticity at the distal end of terminal bronchioles (respiratory bronchioles, alveolar tubes, alveolar sacs and alveoli) decreases, over-expands, inflates, increases lung volume or is accompanied by airway wall destruction.

Guiding opinions:

Emphysema is generally symptomatic supportive treatment, which can be treated with traditional Chinese medicine and moxibustion, which can improve the body's immunity and help improve symptoms.

Chest X-ray or CT examination, or lung respiratory function examination, blood routine, electrocardiogram, liver and kidney function examination are generally done.