Although Mars is 400 million kilometers away from the Earth, it is already a planet closer to the Earth in the solar system. Years of observation and research by astronomers and a lot of evidence discovered by Mars probes show that this neighbor of the earth in the solar system has very similar natural characteristics with the earth. In a sense, Mars is like the twin brother of the earth. Just like people's efforts to explore the new continent in the era of great navigation, when human science and technology extended into space, their curiosity and interest in the "twin brother" of the earth increased day by day. Since 196 1, human beings have conducted 45 Mars exploration activities. Although there are only 22 successful and partially successful missions, Mars has always been a popular target for human beings to explore deep space, and exploring Mars has also become the direction that scientists all over the world have been working hard.
The study of Mars not only helps us to know more about the blue planet where we currently live, but also provides infinite imagination for interstellar immigrants. The environment of Mars is similar to that of the Earth. "More than 4 billion years ago, Mars and the Earth gradually formed. The two brothers look so much alike-there are also the South Pole and the North Pole, there are also mountains and canyons, and there are also white clouds, sandstorms and tornadoes. The four seasons are also distinct, and even the time of a day is similar. No wonder people call the Earth and Mars "twin brothers" in the solar system, and infer that Mars also has water and life like the Earth. Mars is about 6800 kilometers in diameter, only 53% of the earth's, and its mass is 1 1% of the earth's. It orbits the sun in an elliptical orbit, with an average distance of 228 million kilometers. The time required for one revolution is equivalent to 687 days on the earth, and the rotation period is 37 minutes longer than that on the earth.
More interestingly, it also rotates laterally around the sun, and the angle between the axis of rotation and the orbital plane is 25 degrees. Therefore, it changes all the year round like the earth, which is its main similarity with the earth. Unlike the earth, which has only one moon, Mars has two satellites, but both of them are "little guys" with a diameter of less than 80 kilometers. From the perspective of space, the earth is called the "blue planet" because it has a large area of seawater on its surface, while Mars is rust-like orange because its surface is covered with oxides.
To exaggerate, Mars is like a world full of rust. The surface of Mars is mostly desert, with a lot of red oxides, ochre gravel and solidified lava flow. Of course, there are also huge volcanoes on Mars-Mount Olympus is about 27,000 meters high, which is three times the height of Mount Everest, the highest peak in the solar system. Frequent violent winds and dust can form a super-large sandstorm, which can cover the whole planet of Mars and last for several weeks.