Methods 1: Eat proper food.
Choose the right vegetables. Patients with kidney disease should choose vegetables carefully. Although vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet, not all vegetables are suitable for patients with kidney disease. People with kidney problems should usually avoid eating vegetables high in potassium. Suitable vegetables include broccoli, cauliflower, carrot, eggplant, lettuce, cucumber, celery, onion, pepper, green squash and yellow squash.
Don't eat potatoes, tomatoes, avocados, asparagus, pumpkins, winter pumpkins and cooked spinach. They contain a lot of potassium.
If you need to limit the intake of potassium, you can't eat vegetables with high potassium content such as potatoes. Choose vegetables with low potassium content, such as cucumber and radish.
2. Choose the right fruit. You also need to pay attention to fruits with high potassium content. Fruit is very important for patients with kidney disease, but you should choose the right fruit carefully. Fruits with low potassium content include grapes, cherries, apples, pears, berries, plums, pineapples, oranges and watermelons.
Try to avoid oranges and related products such as orange juice. You should also avoid eating kiwifruit, nectarines, dried plums, cantaloupes, white melons, raisins and dried fruits.
If you need to limit your potassium intake, choose fruits with low potassium content, such as blueberries and raspberries.
3. Ask your doctor about your protein needs. Protein is an important part of your diet, but if you have kidney disease, you must be very careful. Excessive intake will increase the burden on the kidneys, and insufficient intake will make the body feel tired and weak. Protein will produce metabolic wastes, which will be excreted through the kidneys, so excessive intake of protein will bring unnecessary pressure to the kidneys. The doctor may advise you to adopt a low-protein diet. However, during dialysis, it may be necessary to temporarily increase the intake of protein. Find out how much protein you can eat every day and stick to this principle.
Unless otherwise instructed by dietotherapy experts, the maximum daily intake of high-protein food is140 ~ 200g. This includes meat, poultry, seafood and eggs.
Pay attention to the protein content of other foods. Protein is also found in milk, cheese, yogurt, pasta, beans, nuts, bread and cereals. Remember to record your daily intake of protein.
Just a small portion of protein for dinner. Eat more healthy fruits, vegetables and carbohydrates. A protein does not exceed 85g, which is about the size of a deck of playing cards.
During dialysis, you may need to eat high-protein food temporarily. If you need dialysis at present or in the future, please ask your doctor if you need to increase protein intake. Many doctors suggest taking protein from eggs or protein during dialysis.
4. Choose cooking methods that are beneficial to heart health. Cooking style is very important to delay or improve kidney disease. Learn how to cook food to make the whole diet healthier. Cook in a non-stick pan to reduce the amount of butter and cooking oil. They will add a lot of unnecessary calories and fat to their food. Do not cook with butter or vegetable oil. Use heart-healthy fats, such as olive oil.
Remember to cut off the fat and peel the poultry when eating.
Try baking, frying or cooking in an oven or grill to prepare food.
Method 2: Avoid certain foods.
1, carefully control the intake of salt (sodium). Sodium is salt, which will do great harm to patients with renal failure. You must reduce your salt intake throughout the day to reduce fluid retention, help control blood pressure, and then improve kidney disease. Buy foods marked as "salt-free", "salt-free" or "low salt".
Check the product label to see its salt content. Choose foods with a salt content of no more than 100 mg per serving.
Don't put salt in cooking, and don't add salt to food. Don't put the salt bottle on the table, lest you want to add salt when you eat it. Salt substitutes should not be used unless otherwise instructed by a doctor or dietotherapy expert.
Don't eat salty food, such as pretzels, potato chips, popcorn, bacon, cooked meat, hot dogs, bacon, canned meat and fish.
Don't eat food containing monosodium glutamate.
Reduce the frequency of eating out. Food in restaurants usually contains more salt than food prepared at home.
2. Reduce phosphorus intake. If you have chronic kidney disease, please keep the phosphorus content in your blood at a low level. Dairy products such as milk and cheese usually contain a lot of phosphorus. Patients with chronic kidney disease had better reduce the intake of dairy products. When it comes to dairy products, you must follow the diet plan and don't exceed the recommended daily intake. Insist on choosing dairy products with low phosphorus content. Buy cream cheese, whey cheese, margarine, butter, thick cream, sherbet, brie cheese and cream without milk.
You need calcium to strengthen your bones. Ask your doctor about calcium supplements. Many patients with chronic kidney disease need calcium supplementation to stay healthy.
You should also eat less nuts, peanut butter, seeds, lentils, beans, viscera and sardines, as well as sausages, bologna sausages, hot dogs and other bacon.
Don't drink coke and soda containing phosphorus or phosphoric acid.
Avoid bran bread and cereal.
3. Don't eat fried food. Patients with kidney disease should not eat fried food. They contain a lot of unnecessary calories and fat. Don't order fried food on the menu when eating out. Ask the waiter if he can change the food. For example, ask if you can replace the fried chicken breast in the sandwich with the roasted chicken breast.
Don't prepare fried food for family gatherings on holidays. Choose vegetables and fruits instead of fried chicken.
When cooking at home, don't choose fried cooking. If you have a frying pan at home, you'd better give it to someone else.
Method 3: control liquid intake
1, ask the doctor if he can drink moderately. Alcohol can do great harm to the kidneys. If you have kidney problems, it is not recommended to drink too much wine. If the kidney disease has progressed, you may not drink alcohol at all. Some patients with kidney disease can have a drink once in a while. However, be sure to consult your doctor about the exact amount of alcohol that suits you. If the doctor says you can drink alcohol, you can only drink one serving a day at most, which should be included in the daily liquid intake.
In social activities, please don't drink around your family and friends. If you know that drinking in social activities is inevitable, try to sit aside and not participate, or ask your family and friends not to ask you for a drink.
If you can't stop drinking, you can consult a therapist in this field. If you think you have a drinking problem, you can also seek support from organizations such as Alcoholism Anonymous.
2. Try to control thirst. In the early stage of kidney disease, you may not need to limit your fluid intake, but in the late stage, many people must reduce their fluid intake. If you have dialysis, fluid will accumulate in your body during the treatment. The doctor may ask you to stick to a certain amount of liquid intake every day. Try to control your thirst and don't drink too much water. When eating, drink water from a smaller cup. If you eat in a restaurant, turn the glass upside down after drinking. This will let the waiter know that you don't need to add water to you, so you won't drink too much water.
You can use an ice box to freeze the juice. Sucking the ice cubes made of these juices, like popsicles, can slowly quench your thirst. Remember to count these popsicles in the total daily liquid intake.
If you need to limit the liquid intake, you may wish to use a water tank to record the daily allowable liquid intake. Bottle water with big water and drink only the water inside every day. If you eat other things that can be counted as liquids, such as coffee, milk, jelly or ice cream, you should pour out the same amount of water. Canned fruits, canned vegetables, soups and other liquid sources should also be counted.
3. Pay attention to the intake of soda. Generally speaking, it is best not to drink soft drinks because they contain unnecessary calories and sugar. But if you like to drink occasionally, choose light-colored soda. Lemon-flavored sodas such as Sprite are better than dark sodas such as Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola. Don't drink coke and soda containing phosphorus or phosphoric acid. Soda also contains a lot of sodium, so patients with kidney disease must reduce their intake of sodium (salt).
4. Limit the intake of orange juice. Orange juice contains a lot of potassium. If you have chronic kidney disease, you'd better not drink orange juice. Drink grape juice, apple juice or cranberry juice instead.
Tip: Keep a positive and optimistic attitude. Stress can aggravate kidney disease.
Try to exercise regularly. Regular exercise helps to delay the progress of kidney disease. You should also change other lifestyles, such as quitting smoking, to control kidney disease.
Don't miss a meal or not eat for a long time. If you don't feel hungry, eat four or five small meals instead of one or two big meals a day.
Don't take any vitamins, minerals, supplements or herbal products without consulting your doctor.
Remember, you may need to adjust your diet as your illness changes. Check with a doctor regularly, and be sure to cooperate with a dietotherapist to adjust your diet as needed.
It is not easy to change your diet. You may need to give up many foods you like. However, in order to stay healthy for a long time, we must make the changes suggested above.
Warning that renal function cannot be improved without reducing salt (sodium) intake.