Pteridium aquilinum is also called fist dish, cat's paw and leading dish. Scientific name: bracken. ) Kuenwal. Musculus platysma (Desv. )Underw。 It belongs to Pterisdaceae. Likes to be born in sunny plots in shallow mountainous areas, and is mostly distributed in sparse mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests. Its edible part is unexpanded young leaf buds. Pteridium aquilinum is a pollution-free green potherb, which is wild in forests, Shan Ye and pine forests. It is not only rich in vitamins needed by human body, but also has the effects of clearing intestine, invigorating stomach, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals. Blanch bracken with boiling water before eating, then soak it in cold water to remove the odor, and you can eat it. The processed bracken tastes fragrant and smooth, and with seasoning, it is cool and refreshing, which is a rare top-class dining table. It can also be fried, processed into dried vegetables, stuffed, pickled and canned.

edible tender leaves of brakes

It is a perennial herb of Polypodiaceae. Underground rhizome is dark brown, long and horizontally extending, with a diameter of 0.6 ~ 0.8 cm, a length of 10 cm or more and a longest of 30 cm. Leaves grow from underground stems, which are three-pinnate compound leaves with a total length exceeding 100 cm and slightly triangular. The first 1 lobe is opposite, the second lobe is oblong-lanceolate, pinnately divided, the lobule is linear-oblong, the dorsal midvein is hairless or hairless, and the veinlets are pinnately branched. Leaf margin curled inward. When the petiole is tender, there are fine hairs, and after grassing, the stem is smooth and the hairs disappear. In early summer, the reproductive organs, that is, ascomycetes, are embedded in leaves, which are ochre-brown. Pteridium aquilinum is generally one meter high, with long and horizontal roots and dark brown fluff. In early spring, the new leaves are fist-rolled and trigeminal. The stems and leaves are tender and covered with white fluff, which is the harvest time. The petiole is 30 ~ 100 cm long, and the leaf is triangular, 60 ~ 150 cm long and 30 ~ 60 cm wide. Pinnate division 2 ~ 3 times, and the lower pinna is opposite. Brown sporangium is continuously born on the edge of leaves, with double-layer capsule. The fresh product of Pteridium aquilinum contains 0.43g of protein, 0.39g of fat, 3.6g of sugar, 0.45g of organic acid per 100g, and contains various vitamins. Can be used as vegetables, such as maltose, biscuits, lotus root starch, pharmaceutical additives, etc. Regular consumption can treat hypertension, dizziness, uterine bleeding, arthritis and other symptoms, and prevent measles and flu.

Medicinal value

Sweet, cold, astringent and slightly toxic. Meridian tropism enters the large intestine and bladder. Indications: dysentery, proctoptosis. It shows that Pteridium aquilinum is thick and rich in starch, so it is called Pteridium aquilinum or Pteridium aquilinum powder, which can be used as vermicelli and vermicelli. Its tender shoots curl like fists, so it is also called "fist dish". Born in the cool and humid place of the mountain forest, it is a kind of wild vegetable that people like to eat in the southern mountainous areas of China. When eating, remove leaves and roots, blanch in boiling water 1 min, soak in clear water1min, soak to remove astringency, season with oil and salt, and return to the pot for frying. Because of its astringent taste, it has astringent and therapeutic effects on proctoptosis.

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Edible tender leaves for braking.

There are many kinds of bracken, and different regions have their own characteristics. Generally, it can be divided into the following categories according to the place of origin: 1. Pteridium aquilinum in Chengde, Hebei Province is a famous wild vegetable in Hebei Province, with more than 33,000 hectares in Chengde, mainly distributed in Longhua, Fengning, Pingquan, Kuancheng and other places. The annual output of the whole region is 1000 tons, which is the main production base of bracken in China. 2. Pteridium Liaoning Pteridium Liaoning is distributed in the mountainous areas of Liaoning Province, especially in the eastern mountainous areas. Mainly exported to Japan and other countries, the domestic market is also very popular. 3. Pteridium aquilinum is distributed all over Inner Mongolia, but the main producing areas are Chifeng City and Xing 'an League, with an annual output of about 200 tons. The local picking period is in June. 4. Pteridium aquilinum is distributed in the mountainous areas of Jilin Province, with a large output. Listed in May every year, mainly exported to South Korea, domestic sales are also very good. 5. Pteridium aquilinum var. Heilongjiang is distributed in the alpine zone at an altitude of 200-800 meters, and most of them are mixed with weeds. It was unearthed in mid-May and can be harvested from late May to early June. 6. Pteridium ferns are widely distributed in Guizhou, and there are many kinds of edible pteridophytes. Among them, the local picking period of Pteridium aquilinum is from mid-March to August. 7. Pteridium aquilinum is also distributed in Yueyang mountain areas, such as Miluo and Zhangshan. The local spring is the picking period of bracken. After June or so, bracken takes shape and cannot be eaten. The local bracken is scattered, and farmers usually pick some to eat and entertain guests. 8. The Kunyu Mountain area in Mu Ping is also distributed, and it grows faster after rain. 9. There are many kinds of mountains in Quanzhou, Guangxi, especially the fir forest zone. The growing season is from March to September. 10. Pteridium aquilinum in Zhang Xian and Weiyuan, Gansu, especially in Zhang Xian, is of higher quality. 1 1. South of the Yangtze River in Anhui, there are many mountains around Jiuhua Mountain. There are locally processed pickles and dried bracken.

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Edible tender leaves for braking.

Rich in nutrition, with carotene100 mg per 100 g Pteridium aquilinum tender leaves; Vitamin B20. 13 mg, vitamin C27 mg; Every 100g dry product contains 6.6g of protein, 0.9g of fat, 54.2g of sugar, 25.5g of crude fiber, 3mg of vitamin C, 0.53mg of vitamin E, 2.7mg of vitamin PP, 3/0/.8mg of potassium, 0/.9mg of calcium/kloc-0, and 3.39mg of magnesium. Pteridium aquilinum has a certain inhibitory effect on bacteria, and can be used for persistent fever, intestinal wind-heat toxicity, eczema, ulcer and other diseases. Has good effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, sterilizing and diminishing inflammation. 2. Reduce gas and blood pressure. Some effective components of bracken can dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure; Crude fiber can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and has the effect of reducing qi and relaxing bowels. 3. Pteridium aquilinum can clear the intestines and detoxify. Pteridium aquilinum is commonly used in the treatment of diarrhea and dysuria, which has a certain effect. 4. Pteridium aquilinum can be made into vermicelli, which can replenish spleen and qi, strengthen body and enhance disease resistance. In recent years, scientific research shows that bracken also has a certain cancer risk. (In 1970s, the relationship between eating bracken and esophageal cancer was investigated in the mountains of central Japan. The results showed that eating bracken increased the incidence of esophageal cancer by 2. 1 fold in men and 3.7 times in women. In North Wales, the incidence of gastric cancer has always been high. 1990, a case-control study also showed that eating bracken in childhood would increase the risk of gastric cancer in the future. )

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The general population can eat it. People with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold should use it with caution. Ordinary people should not eat more.

Cooking instruction

Pteridium aquilinum formula (5 tablets) 1. Pteridium aquilinum can be eaten fresh or dried. Just blanch it with boiling water and dry it. Soak your hair in warm water when you eat, and then cook all kinds of delicious dishes. 2. Fresh products should be scalded with boiling water before eating, and then cooled to remove the sticky earthy smell on the surface. 3. Stir-fried dishes are suitable with eggs and meat.

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First, fresh-fried bracken raw materials: fresh bracken is repeatedly washed with clear water for several times to wash away the floating soil and fluff on the surface. Cut off the black part of the tail of bracken. Boil in boiling water for 2 ~ 3 minutes, then soak in cold water for longer. I soaked 1 hour, and the astringency was almost gone. There is also talk about soaking for 2 days, which is actually unnecessary. Dice bracken, shred carrot, shred pork, soak dried seaweed, onion, ginger and minced garlic. Practice: Warm the oil in a hot pot, saute the chives and ginger, add the shredded pork and fry for 2 minutes. Add shredded carrots and dried seaweed and stir-fry for 2 minutes. Add bracken and stir-fry for 2 minutes. Boil a few drops of yellow wine to refresh yourself. Stir-fry for a few minutes and add pepper and salt to taste according to personal taste. Although the method is simple, you can eat the fresh and pure taste of bracken, which is tender and soft. Second, the cold companion bracken raw materials: bracken, garlic. Practice: 1, wash bracken and cut into sections; 2. Let the water boil for about one minute; 3, supercooling boiled water after fishing out; 4. Cut garlic into garlic paste; 5. Add chopped pepper, soy sauce, sugar, vinegar, salt, sesame oil and chopped green onion and mix well; 6. Pour it on the bracken and mix well. 3. dried pork dried pork bracken ingredients: bracken, carrot, shredded pork, dried dried pork, onion, ginger, garlic, yellow wine, pepper and salt. Practice: 1. Preparation of raw materials: (Treatment of fresh bracken: Rinse with clear water several times to wash off the floating soil and fluff on the surface. Cut off the black part of the tail of bracken. Boil in boiling water for 2~3 minutes, then soak in cold water for longer. I soaked 1 hour, and the astringency was almost gone. There is also talk about soaking for 2 days, which is actually unnecessary. ) Cut bracken, shred carrots, shred pork, soak dried seaweed, and mince onion, ginger and garlic. 2. Warm the oil in a hot pot, saute the chives and ginger, add the shredded pork and fry for 2 minutes. 3. Add shredded carrots and dried seaweed and stir-fry for 2 minutes. 4. Add bracken and stir fry for 2 minutes. 5. Cook a few drops of yellow wine to refresh yourself. 6, stir fry for a few minutes, according to personal taste, add pepper and salt to taste.