Spelling: Yin Xin

English name: Ginkgo seeds

Source: It is the seed of Ginkgo biloba.

Efficacy: astringe lung qi, relieve asthma and cough, stop turbidity and reduce stool.

Indications: asthma, expectoration, leucorrhea, white turbidity, nocturnal emission, gonorrhea and frequent urination.

Nature and taste: sweet, bitter, flat and poisonous. (1) "Eating will happen soon": "It tastes bitter and nontoxic." ② Southern Yunnan herbs: "Sweet in taste, flat in nature and cold in nature." 3 Outline: "Sweet, bitter, flat and astringent." "Cooked food tastes bitter and slightly sweet, and it is warm and toxic."

Enter the lung and kidney meridians. ① Outline: "Entering the Lung Meridian." 2 "Materia Medica Yan Hui": "Start with the Taiyin and Taiyangjing." 3 "Materia Medica Rejuvenation": "Into the heart, lungs and kidneys."

Administration and dosage: oral: decoction, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan; Pour juice or take pills. External use: tamping.

Avoid medication: Those who are really evil should avoid taking it. (1) Daily Materia Medica: "Eat more air and wind. Children who eat too much will faint, and if they eat too much, they will be frightened and cause malnutrition. Eating with eels has a soft wind. " 2 "Outline": "Eating too much makes people bloated."

Drug compatibility: terminalia chebula has strong ability of astringing lung and lowering qi; With ephedra, dispersing lung and relieving asthma.

Other names: Lingyan (Taicang Prefecture Records), Fojiazi (Tongzhi, Zhejiang Province) and Bergamot (holding Kunyu). Ginkgo biloba, also known as Duck Foot (Wan Ji Ling), Gongsun Shu (Runan Platts) and Duck Foot.

Prescription name: ginkgo, ginkgo, ginkgo, almond, steamed ginkgo, fried ginkgo, cooked ginkgo, etc.

Ginkgo biloba in the prescription refers to raw ginkgo fruit. The original medicinal materials are shelled, the kernel and the outer thin coat are removed, and mashed into medicine.

Steamed ginkgo is pure ginkgo, which is steamed and mashed into medicine.

Stir-fried ginkgo fruit is pure ginkgo fruit, stir-fried with slow fire until dark yellow and slightly burnt, and mashed into medicine.

Cooked ginkgo biloba is the general term for steaming, boiling, simmering and frying ginkgo biloba.

Trade names: Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgo biloba. It is best to be large and uniform, with full seeds and white and yellow shells.

Medicinal parts: the roots or bark (ginkgo root), bark (ginkgo bark) and leaves (ginkgo leaf) of this plant are also used as medicine, and each has its own articles in detail.

Distribution of animal and plant resources: it is cultivated in most parts of the country. Most parts of this country are rich. Location: Guangxi, Sichuan, Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Liaoning and other places.

Collection and storage of medicinal materials: in June, 5438+00 ~ 1 1 ripe fruits were harvested, piled on the ground, or soaked in water to rot (or mash) the fleshy exocarp, washed and dried.

Latin name: Ginkgo biloba, the original plant of Ginkgo biloba.

Processing method: ginkgo: remove impurities and hard shells. Cooked ginkgo: take washed ginkgo, steam, stir-fry or simmer, and remove the shell.

Exam: from Daily Materia Medica; (1) Compendium: "Ginkgo biloba, native to Jiangnan, is superior to Xuancheng. Its height is two or three feet, its leaves are thin, its longitudinal shape is like a duck's paw, and its face is green and its back is white. Bloom in clusters in February, bluish white, bloom in February, and then unload. It's rare for people. A branch bears a hundred fruits, shaped like a persimmon. When the frost is cooked, remove the meat and take the core as the fruit, and it will rot. Its core has two tips. It is green when it is tender and yellow when it is long. " (2) "Resting Diet Spectrum": "People who are poisoned by ginkgo will be dizzy and drunk, and they will be fried with ginkgo shells or white chestnuts to solve it. If you eat too much or even don't save it, you must realize it. " ③ Annals of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine: "Ginkgo biloba, a 3-5-year-old child, takes 30-40 capsules at a time, which is easy to be poisoned. If you are poisoned, you can use musk for one minute and take it with warm water. It is easy to cause difficulty in expectoration after taking it, and it is appropriate to mix it with heat-clearing drugs. " ④ Common Chinese Herbal Medicines in Shanghai: "Eating more ginkgo can cause headache, fever, spasm, irritability, vomiting and dyspnea. Then take two or two raw licorice roots in a hurry and fry them; Or stir-fry with one or two ginkgo shells. "

Identification of medicinal materials: the dried seeds are obovate or oval, slightly flat, with long diameter 1.5 ~ 2.5 cm and short diameter 1 ~ 1.5 cm. The shell (seed coat) is white or grayish white, smooth and hard, with two ridges at the edge, tapering at the top and a little stipe mark at the base. There are long and oblate seeds in the shell, and there is a light brown film at one end when peeled off. The inner core is light yellow or yellow-green, the inside is white and silty, and there is a gap in the middle. There are 2 or more cotyledons near the top. Slight gas, sweet taste, slightly bitter. The shell is white, the kernel is full, and the white inside is the best. The shell is white, the kernel is full, and the white inside is the best. Microscopic identification: powder: light yellow brown. ① A single starch granule is rectangular, round, oval or triangular, with a length of 5 ~ 18 micron, and its navel is punctate, cracked, bird-shaped or trigeminal, with large granules and bedding. ② Single or several or more than ten stone cells are scattered in groups, which are round, rectangular, shell-shaped or irregular, and some have protrusions, with a length of 6 1 ~ 322 microns, a diameter of 27 ~ 125 microns, a thick wall, clear pits and grooves, and visible bedding. Some cells contain yellowish brown or reddish brown substances. ③ The parenchyma cells in endosperm are yellowish brown or reddish brown, square, rectangular or polygonal. ④ Endosperm parenchyma cells are colorless, round or oblong and filled with starch granules. ⑤ tracheids with marginal pits are mostly broken, with a diameter of 33 ~ 72 microns and tapering or obtuse ends. The product has large particles, yellow and white shell color, full kernel and yellowish cross section color.

Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: the seeds contain a small amount of cyanosides, gibberellins and cytokinins. Two ribonuclease families were also isolated from endosperm. The approximate composition is: protein 6.4, fat 2.4, carbohydrate 36%, calcium 10 mg, phosphorus 2 18 mg, iron 1 mg%, carotene 320 μ g, riboflavin 50 μ g%, and various amino acids. Exocarp contains toxic components, such as ginkgolic acid, hydrogenated ginkgolic acid, hydrogenated ginkgolic acid, ginkgolic acid and ginkgolic acid. It also contains aspartic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, octanoic acid, octacosanol-10, etc. Pollen contains a variety of amino acids, glutamine, asparagine, protein, citric acid, sucrose and so on. Male flowers contain up to 4% fresh weight of raffinose. The kernel contains 6.4% protein, 2.4% fat, 36% carbohydrate, 6% sugar (mainly sucrose), a little histidine, a little carrot, riboflavin, and calcium, phosphorus and iron. It is also reported that dried nuts contain 67.6% starch, 13. 1% protein, 2.9% fat, 1.6% pentosan, 3.4% ash and manganese. Recently, compounds such as β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol glucoside and terpineol have been studied. Nut contains 6.4% protein, 2.4% fat, 36% carbohydrate, 6% sugar (mainly sucrose), a little histidine, a little carotene, riboflavin, and calcium, phosphorus and iron. It is also reported that dried nuts contain 67.6% starch, 13. 1% protein, 2.9% fat, 1.6% pentosan, 3.4% ash and manganese. Recently, compounds such as β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol glucoside and terpineol have been studied.