Blood lipids, as the name implies, are lipids in the blood. This lipid is a general term for a class of substances. Cholesterol, which people often mention, is one of them. Others include triglycerides (the main components of fat), phospholipids and free fatty acids. Anyone who has seen the blood routine test list knows that many technical terms are followed by some small arrows up and down. For people who have no medical foundation, it is really a heavenly book, and they can only wait for the doctor's interpretation. There are also many items related to blood lipids, but generally the four kinds of blood lipids are the most concerned, which four kinds? Please see the picture below:
Four kinds of blood lipids:
The first two should be easy to understand literally, but it is necessary to explain the latter two. Because lipids are generally insoluble in water (just think of the floating oil in noodle soup), cholesterol or triglycerides need to be transported in the blood through an apolipoprotein. When apolipoprotein combines with them to form a complex, it becomes lipoprotein.
The main types of lipoprotein:
Damn, we agreed to use as few technical terms as possible, so we forgot so quickly. But if you don't list these, you will be more dizzy next. If you don't believe me, please look at the picture below:
After reading this picture, do you accept more psychologically?
Let me talk about the main functions of these four lipoproteins:
(Take a break)
Well, the front is just a foreshadowing, and now we can enter today's topic-dyslipidemia. Just mentioned, the four key indexes of blood lipid are total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), as well as high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Generally, people with dyslipidemia show that TC, TG and LDL-C will exceed the normal range, while HDL-C will decrease. Why?
This is the purpose that I just let you remember the function of 1 high density lipoprotein, which can transport the cholesterol in the body to the liver for metabolism and play a role in lowering blood fat. Therefore, as long as the metabolic function of the liver is normal, higher HDL-C can prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. If it is reduced, the metabolic ability of blood lipids will decrease, which will lead to the increase of other key indicators. So some people call HDL-C "good" cholesterol.
What is the effect of the increase of LDL-2 called "bad" cholesterol? This should also start from its function, which is to transport cholesterol synthesized by the liver to other tissues for utilization through blood circulation. Because cholesterol is one of the essential components of human cell membrane, the main source is synthesized by liver, and the cholesterol directly obtained from food only accounts for about 1/5, so people with normal blood lipids will change color without talking about cholesterol. Genetic factors, overweight and obesity, aging or unhealthy diet can all cause the increase of low density lipoprotein (LDL-C).
As soon as LDL-C rises, it is easy to deposit on the arterial wall after oxidation modification, forming atherosclerotic plaques, narrowing or reducing the elasticity of blood vessels, and then causing atherosclerosis. This is a risk factor for coronary heart disease and hypertension, so we must be vigilant. In addition, dyslipidemia and diabetes are both metabolic disorders in the body and will also affect each other. Coronary heart disease: coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. The coronary artery is a blood vessel that supplies blood to the heart. How important is it? You can weigh it yourself.
How to prevent it? Well, there are ways, but I'm afraid you can't do it.
The cliche: shut up and take your legs. Many people know that egg yolk has a high cholesterol content and dare not eat it. Then let go of that egg and let me do it. Egg yolk has high nutritional value. If you are afraid of eating too much cholesterol, are you afraid of fat beef or fried chicken? In addition to cholesterol, they also have a lot of saturated fat, which has no less influence on blood lipids than eggs. Instead of being afraid of eating this and that, it is better to finish the exercise and consume it. Of course, these are only for normal people. If blood lipids have become abnormal, you should follow the doctor's advice and limit the intake of cholesterol and fat.
You said that you talked about so many professional things and gave only a little advice. I'm really sorry, but my level is really limited. If you want to know how to eat healthily, please refer to China Residents' Balanced Diet Pagoda.
Focus of the week (complaining about cholesterol):
1, please pay attention to four indexes in blood lipid examination: total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
3. Cholesterol is an essential substance for human body, a component of cell membrane, a raw material for steroid hormones (such as androgen and estrogen), and vitamin D can also be synthesized. It is a good thing not to exceed the standard.
3, the liver will not only synthesize cholesterol and triglycerides, but also the main metabolic organ of these two substances, so be careful, quit smoking and limit alcohol.
Three high themes have been published:
Please poke your blood sugar here.
Please click here for blood pressure.
Thanks for reading!