Pleurotus ostreatus is favored by producers and consumers because of its strong stress resistance, simple and extensive cultivation techniques, rich sources of cultivation raw materials, high yield, low production cost and rich nutrition. In recent 2-3 years, it has gradually grown into one of the more popular mushroom species in the fresh market.
Cultivation mode of Pleurotus ostreatus in woodland
? Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus under the forest can make use of the remaining space and good ecological environment under the forest, effectively improve the ecological environment and realize a virtuous circle of the ecosystem. At the same time, the technology is easy to master and the method can be replicated and popularized. How to manage the fruiting period of Pleurotus ostreatus? The following suggestions are for the reference of growers.
I. Temperature management
The temperature range of Pleurotus ostreatus is 12-26℃, and the suitable temperature is 15-20℃. When the temperature is lower than 4℃ or higher than 30℃, mushrooms are not produced. At a suitable temperature, the mushrooms are fast, tidy and rapid, and the general mushroom tide interval is 10- 15 days. With the rapid increase of temperature, if the canopy is not big enough, you can hang a sunshade net to adjust the temperature.
Second, water resources management.
? Before fruiting, we should use flooding to promote mushrooms, and irrigation can be used in the ditch to improve the water content of the cultivation materials and the relative humidity of the air in the field, but the water level in the ditch should not flood the cultivation materials for a long time. To check the water content in the compost pile, pinch the compost by hand. The culture medium is soft and moist, and sometimes it is advisable to have a little water drop. Keep the drainage unblocked to avoid water accumulation in the site.
? The key to fruiting body formation is moisturizing and strengthening ventilation. The relative humidity of the air is about 85% during the fruiting period, so it is necessary to keep the mushroom bed moist and the plastic film and soil layer moist. Light spraying can be used to spray water on the frame, and spraying should be carried out in a relatively low temperature period.
Third, ventilation and light transmission management
? Strengthen ventilation and light transmission, and make it directly receive natural scattered light while spraying water to uncover the cover every day. Ventilation will affect the quality and yield of mushrooms. When a large number of fruiting bodies occur on the fungus bed, it is necessary to increase the ventilation times and prolong the ventilation time. When turning the plastic film, handle it gently to prevent the small mushroom buds from being damaged.
Fourth, harvest management.
? The harvest should not be too late, and it is appropriate to cook it in seven or eight minutes. It is suitable for harvesting when the fruiting body is not broken or just broken and the mushroom cover is bell-shaped. Specifically, the whole mushroom body is short and thick, the mushroom cover is tightly rolled, the mushroom handle is hard and not hollow, and the mushroom membrane is not broken. When harvesting, pay attention to avoid loosening the surrounding small mushroom buds, hold the material surface with one hand and gently rotate the mushroom body with the other. After picking mushrooms, the holes left on the mushroom bed should be filled in time to facilitate the resumption of mycelium growth and the fruiting of the second super mushroom. Remove the mushrooms left on the fungus bed in time to avoid pests and diseases caused by rot. Keep the mushroom body clean, and don't let the soil with mushroom feet dirty the mushroom handle, which will affect the selling appearance and price of the product. After harvesting a tidal wave of mushrooms, it is necessary to supplement the water in the feed to cultivate mushrooms, and it will take 10- 15 days to produce the next mushroom.
Five, pest control
? Pleurotus ostreatus has strong resistance. Before fruiting, you will occasionally see miscellaneous bacteria such as ghost umbrella, which should be removed as soon as possible. Pests such as mites, jumping insects and mushroom mosquitoes can be controlled by trapping or expelling.
6. Preservation and drying
? In order to keep the temperature of Pleurotus ostreatus at 0-2℃ for a long time in the refrigerator, picking method is better, so that the picked mushrooms have no wounds and can be stored in a sealed environment for about 10 day. Pleurotus ostreatus that can't be sold fresh can be dried and preserved. Before drying, cut it with a knife, and then put it into a dryer at 50℃-60℃ for 6-8 hours until the water content of the dried product is controlled at 12%~ 13%. Sun-dried Pleurotus ostreatus should be put into a sealed container in time, and then put in a dry and low-temperature place, preferably in a cold storage.