Overview of herbs: Artemisia annua;
Taboos:
1. "Materia Medica Jingshu": postpartum blood deficiency, internal cold for diarrhea, and dietary stagnation diarrhea, do not use. Where the spleen and stomach are weak after delivery.
2. "Materia Medica Tongxuan": stomach deficiency, do not dare to throw also.
Taste and attribution: bitter, pungent, cold. Attributed to the liver, gallbladder meridian, San Jiao, kidney meridian.
Harvesting: cut the above ground part of the flowers in full bloom in the fall, remove the old stems, and dry in the shade.
Concoction:
1. Artemisia annua: pick the impurities, remove the residual roots, water to make wet, cut section, sun-dried.
2. Turtle blood Artemisia annua: take Artemisia annua segments, placed in a large pot, pour into the turtle blood diluted with a little warm water, mix well, a little stuffy, to be absorbed into the turtle blood, into the pot of wen-huo slightly fried, take out, dry. (Each artemisia segment 100 pounds, with 200 live turtle blood).
3. The south is also made into pasta, commonly known as "artemisia" 1, anti-schistosomiasis: killing effect; flower branch testicular schistosomiasis.
2. Promote the role of immunity: can improve the conversion rate of lymphocytes, promote the body's cellular immunity.
3, antipathogenic microbial effect: Artemisia annua decoction has an inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria. Volatile oil has killing effect on skin ringworm.
4, on the cardiovascular system: artemisinin can slow down the heart rate, inhibit myocardial contractility, reduce coronary artery flow Clearing and penetrating the deficiency heat, cooling the blood and removing steam, relieving summer heat, and intercepting malaria. Used for summer fever, Yin deficiency fever, night fever and early coolness, bone vapor labor fever, malaria cold and heat, damp-heat jaundice.
This product is bitter and cold to clear heat, pungent and dispersing, good to make the yin part of the ambient heat through the external dispersion, for the yin deficiency fever medicine, in addition to both relief of summer heat, the interception of the function of malaria.
1, relief of summer heat: can treat external heat, fever and thirst.
2, interception of abuse: the main treatment of malaria caused by the exchange of cold and heat.
3, cooling the blood, retreating deficiency heat: good for treating fever due to yin deficiency, bone vaporization and labor heat, and the late stage of warm-heat disease, when the heat enters the yin, and the night is hot and the morning is cold.
Dosage/Use
Internally: decoction, 6-15 grams, 20-40 grams of malaria, should not be decocted for a long time; double the dosage of fresh products, water soaked juice to drink; or into the pills, bulk.
Externally: appropriate amount, powdered compresses; or fresh pounded compresses; or decoction of water to wash. 1. Treatment of deficiency sweating, fever, dry mouth: Artemisia annua one catty, take the juice of boiling paste into the ginseng, maitake each one or two Simmer until the pill pill such as a sycamore seed size. Drink twenty pills with rice after each meal. ("General Records of the Shengji" artemisia pills)
2. Treatment of dysentery: artemisia, mugwort leaves and other parts. With edamame beans pounded into cakes dried. Each with a cake to water one and a half decoction. ("General Records of the Shengji" artemisia tempeh Dan)
3. Treatment of summer fever dysentery: artemisia leaves one or two Glycyrrhiza glabra one money. Water decoction. ("General Records of the Sheng Ji")
4. Treatment of malaria: Artemisia annua pounded juice and decocted as usual wine drink. ("Compendium of Materia Medica")
5. Treatment of malaria cold and fever: artemisia annua a grip of two liters of water impregnation winnowing the juice to be taken. ("Compensating the lack of elbow after the prescription")
6. treatment of warm diseases night fever and early cooling heat without sweating heat from the yin come: artemisia two money turtle armor five money fine raw land four money Zhimu two money danpi three money. Five cups of water. Boil two cups and take it again on the next day. ("Warm Diseases Article Discussion" artemisia softshell turtle armor soup)
7. Treatment of epistaxis in the nose: Artemisia annua mashed juice to take and stuffed in the nose. ("Hygienic Simplified Formula")
8. For the treatment of hemorrhoids and blood in stool: take Artemisia annua (leaves not stems, stems not leaves) in cold water before feces (for blood in stool) or in water and wine after feces (for blood in stool). ("Inscription Formula of Yong Class")
9. For the treatment of bee stings: Pound Artemisia annua and apply it. ("Complementing the deficiency of the elbow after the prescription")
10. For the treatment of dampness, heat and depression in the triple jiao of the Shaoyang, Qi Qi is not smooth, the chest plumps up and vomits, chills and fever such as malaria: artemisia cerebralis qianqian and a half to two qian, light Zhu Zhu three qian, Xian Xian half-summer qianqian and a half, red Poria three qian, Qing Ziqinqian qianqian and a half to three qian, raw Hovenia chenghuang shells qianqian and a half, Chen Guangpi qianqian and a half, Bijiexuan (packet) three qian. Take with water. ("Common theory of typhoid fever" artemisia scutellaria clear bile soup)
11, the treatment of bone vapor labor, body thinning, thirst, chills and fever: artemisia a catty (take the leaf exposure dry, pounded for the powder), peach kernel a catty (wine soaked, remove the tip of the skin, gluten stir-fried to make yellow. Research rotten), licorice half (five) two (raw pounded Luo for the end). Another child urine three buckets, in a porcelain urn, in the chaff fire frying to make like thin molasses, but dumped in a copper vessel, under all the drugs, and in the chaff fire frying, to willow grate stirring, to see the thinness and consistency of the right, waiting for pills, that is, pills such as a sycamore seed large, to the coarse thin cloth bag. Every day, thirty pills of warm child urine in the empty heart, and then take it again in the evening. ("Sheng Hui Fang" artemisia round)
12. Treatment of fatigue: artemisia (fine filing) tender one liter, three liters of water, five liters of children's urine, with the decoction into a paste, pills such as a sycamore seed large. Each serving ten pills, warm wine, not to time. ("Jifeng Pu Ji Fang" artemisia decoction)
13. Treatment of warm malaria phlegm is very, but the heat is not cold: artemisia two taels (children's urine soaked baking), half a taels of huangdan. For the end. Each serving two money, white soup mix down. ("Ren Cuntang experience formula")
14. Treatment of appendicitis, stomach pain: artemisia annua, Bibi dial and other quantities. The first artemisia roasted yellow, **** pounded into fine powder. Morning, afternoon and evening before dinner, two grams each time. (Inner Mongolia "Chinese herbal medicine new medical method data compilation")
15. Treatment of pus and blood out of the ear more than: Artemisia annua pounded powder, sheep wrapped in the ear. ("Sheng Hui Fang")
16. Treatment of tooth swelling and pain: artemisia a grip, decoction of water gargle. ("Jiqi Xianfang")
17. Treatment of gold sores:
① Artemisia annua pounded and sealed.
② Artemisia, hemp leaves, lime and other points. Pound and dry, temporary for the end of the application. ("After Elbow Square") Artemisia annua is suitable for people: people with cold spleen and stomach should not take.
The therapeutic effect of Artemisia annua: Artemisia annua is bitter, slightly pungent, cold in nature, belonging to the liver, gallbladder, kidney meridian, fragrant and refreshing, penetrating inside and outside
Has the efficacy of clearing away heat, clearing away summer heat and intercepting malaria, removing dampness and killing worms
The main treatment for yin deficiency and damp-heat and bone vapors, externally affected by heat and summer dampness, dizzy, malaria, jaundice, diarrhea, scabies and itching of the skin.
Artemisia food contradiction: Artemisia is not used with Angelica sinensis, Di Huang.
Artemisia practice guide: Artemisia annua is often used with patchouli, pelargonium, talcum, etc. for external summer fever; and scutellaria, hemichaete, bamboo, etc. used for warm fever, cold and heat exchanges and malaria and other diseases. It is used for Yin deficiency fever or low fever of unknown cause, often used with gentiana, turtle shell and dibasic bark.
It is used for summer fever, often used with silver flower and forsythia; it is also used for treating various kinds of deficiency fever, such as bone vapor and labor fever, night sweating, and heat of warm diseases entering into yin, and also used for treating prolonged fever and children's summer fever, and it is effective in treating malaria fever, often used in combination with fresh lotus leaf, fresh bamboo leaf, gold honeysuckle, slippery licorice and watermelon cui-jia, etc.; it is bitter and cold and clearing away the heat, and the pungent fragrance disperses, and is good at enabling the yin heat to be dispersed outwardly through the Yin, and it is the most important medicine for the yin deficiency fever. It is an important medicine for fever of yin deficiency. In addition, it also has the function of relieving heatstroke and stopping malaria, and is often paired with Yin Chen, Gardenia, Huang Huang Lian, Huang Bai, Snake Bed Seed, Bitter Ginseng and so on. Common name: Artemisinin
English name: Artemisinin
Chinese alias: Artemisinin, Artemisinin
English alias: Arteannuin, Artemisinine, Qinghaosu Molecular formula: C15H22O5
Molecular weight: 282.33
Colorless needle crystal. p>Colorless needle-like crystals, bitter taste. Soluble in acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, benzene and glacial acetic acid, soluble in ethanol and methanol, ethyl ether and petroleum ether, almost insoluble in water.
Melting point: 156-157°C ( Decomposed after decoction in water)
Main place of origin: Youyang, Chongqing
Green Pennyroyal is a sesquiterpene lactone drug extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Green Penny, which has a peroxy group. Its effect on the ultrastructure of Plasmodium falciparum red end stage is mainly the change of the structure of Plasmodium falciparum membrane system, the drug firstly acts on the food vesicle membrane, surface membrane, mitochondria, followed by the nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, in addition to a certain effect on the chromatin in the nucleus. It is suggested that the mode of action of pennisetin mainly interferes with the function of the surface membrane - mitochondria. It is possible that pennypin acts on the food vesicle membrane, thus blocking the earliest stage of nutrient uptake, causing Plasmodium to experience amino acid starvation faster, rapidly forming autophagic vesicles and continuously discharging them out of the worm, so that Plasmodium loses a large amount of cytoplasm and dies. The uptake of tritium-labeled isoleucine by Plasmodium falciparum cultured in vitro also suggests that the mode of initiation of action may be inhibition of protoplasmic protein synthesis.
Penicillin is rapidly absorbed from the intestines after oral administration, with blood concentrations peaking after 0.5 to 1 hour, dropping by half after 4 hours, and containing only trace amounts in the blood at 72 hours. Its concentration in erythrocytes is lower than that in plasma. After absorption, it is distributed in the tissues, with higher levels in the intestine, liver and kidney. The product is a fat-soluble substance, so it can enter the brain tissue through the blood-brain barrier. It is metabolized rapidly in the body, and the structure and nature of the metabolites are not clear. It is mainly excreted from kidney and intestine, 84% can be excreted in 24 hours, and only a small amount remains in 72 hours. Due to rapid metabolism and excretion, the effective blood concentration is maintained for a short period of time, which is not conducive to the complete killing of Plasmodium, so the relapse rate is high. The T1/2 is 0.5 hours, so the drug should be given repeatedly.
It is mainly used for symptom control of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, as well as the treatment of chloroquine-resistant strains, and can also be used for the treatment of aggressive types of falciparum malaria, such as cerebral, jaundice, and so on. It can also be used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus and discoid lupus erythematosus.
Adult dosage:
(1) Control of malaria symptoms (including Plasmodium vivax and chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria), oral, the first time 1 gram, 6-8 hours later 0.5 grams, 0.5 grams on the second and third days; rectal administration, the first time 0.6 grams, 4 hours later 0.6 grams, 0.4 grams on the second and third days.
(2) Falciparum cerebral malaria, intramuscular injection, the first dose of 0.6 grams, 0.15 grams of each intramuscular injection on the 2nd and 3rd days.
(3)Systemic lupus erythematosus or discoid lupus erythematosus, 0.1 g orally each time in the 1st month, twice a day; 0.1 g each time in the 2nd month, 3 times a day; 0.1 g each time in the 3rd month, 4 times a day.
Intramuscular injection, the first dose of 0.2 grams, 6-8 hours after the administration of 0.1 grams, the second, the third day each intramuscular injection of 0.1 grams, a total of 0.5 grams. In severe cases another 0.1 g is given on the 4th day or 0.3 g per day for 3 consecutive days for a total of 0.9 g. In children, 15 mg per kg of body weight over 3 days by intramuscular injection. Oral, the first dose of 1 gram, 6-8 hours later, then 0.5 grams, the second and third days of 0.5 grams each, three days a course of treatment, a total of 2.5 grams. Children 15 mg per kg of body weight, to be taken within 3 days as above. Injection site pain, hard lump .
Artemisinin treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and discoid lupus erythematosus can be different degrees of relief. The condition may worsen at the beginning of the treatment, with ants sensation all over the body, and then gradually reduce after half a month, and the general condition improves after more than a month.
Use with caution in early pregnancy.
Individuals with transient transaminase elevation, mild rash. A few people have nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc., can be self-recovery.
Artemisinin has low toxicity and is safe to use, with no obvious adverse effects. A few cases of loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal reactions, but not serious. Aqueous suspension has mild irritation to the injection site.
Interactions:
1. This product must be combined with primaquine for the eradication of intertrigo malaria.
2. Combination with methotrexate has a potentiating effect and reduces relapse or recurrence.
The World Health Organization (WHO), after summarizing and analyzing the anti-malaria efforts around the world, concluded that the use of monoartemisinin is likely to make the malaria parasite drug-resistant, and put forward a proposal to stop the use of monoartemisinin, and switch to the use of compound artemisinin.
Artemisia is bitter and cold in nature, but does not hurt the spleen and stomach. It has the effect of clearing heat and relieving heatstroke, reducing deficiency heat and promoting dampness and heat.
Artemisia contains volatile oil, artemisinin and other ingredients, has obvious cooling and antipyretic effect, but also can help perspiration. Therefore, the decoction of Artemisia annua as a refreshing drink in summer is a good medicine against heat stroke.
Each time with 12 grams of artemisia, add the right amount of water decoction to take, hot or cool drink can be. If you add mung beans, chrysanthemums, rock sugar, it is more sweet and savory anti-heatstroke good. The picture on the right is the fourth collection of the review of the collection of prescription published in 24th year of the Republic of China, the fifth chapter is malaria, introduced some of the contents of the treatment of malaria by Artemisia annua.