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History of the development of food culture

1. The earliest was Aristotle's (Paleolithic): at that time, people did not know how to artificially make fire and cooked food. The dietary condition was to drink blood and hair, which was not part of the food culture.

2. Suirenshi: drilling wood to make fire, from then on cooked food, into the stone cooking era. The main cooking methods: ① cannon, that is, drilling fire to make the flesh and burnt; ② pot: wrapped in mud and then burned; ③ stone mortar with water, food, with the red-hot stone scalded food; ④ baking and stir-frying: the stone piece of the hot, and then put the plant seeds on top of the stir-fry.

3. Fuxi's: in diet, making netting to teach sharecropping and fishing, and raising sacrifices to fill the kitchen.

4. Shennong's: "plowing and pottery", is the founder of Chinese agriculture, tasted a hundred herbs, pioneered ancient medicine, invented Lei 耜, teaching people to harvest. Pottery so that people for the first time have cooking utensils and containers, for the production of fermented foods provide the possibility of wine, minced meat, acyl (vinegar), cheese, vinegar, sweet and so on. Ding is one of the earliest cooking utensils, with claws because there was no stove, and li, whose claws are hollow, ??? used to cook wine.

5. Huang Di: the Chinese nation's dietary situation and improved, Huang Di made stove, the beginning of the stove God, centralized fire to save fuel, so that food cooked quickly, and widely used in the Qin and Han Dynasties, when it was the kettle, high-footed stoves gradually withdrew from the stage of history, "steaming the grain for drinking, cooking the grain for the porridge" for the first time due to the cooking method of distinction between food, steamer pots invented, called the cauldron. Steam salt industry is the Yellow Emperor's vassal Cusha's invention, from now on not only know how to cook also know how to adjust, beneficial to human health.

6. Zhou Qin period: is the formation of China's food culture of the period, to grain and vegetables as the main food. Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, self-produced cereals and vegetables are basically there, but the structure is different from the era in which we live, the Zhou-Qin period of early field work is mainly: Jigen, (most important) is millet, also known as cereal, a long period of time to dominate for the longest of the grains, a good Jigen is called the Liang of the fine and is also known as the yellow beams. Millet, is a large yellow sticky rice is second only to Jik, also known as corn, is threshed millet. Wheat, barley. Beans, beans, mainly soybeans, black beans. Hemp, hemp seeds. Beans and hemp are the people poor people eat, hemp is also called tho. South and rice, ancient rice is glutinous rice, ordinary rice called japonica Panicum, after the Zhou Central Plains began to introduce rice, is a fine grain, more precious. Zizania rice, is an aquatic plant wild rice seeds, black, called carving Hu rice, especially smooth, and broken pieces of porcelain together in a leather bag kneaded to thresh.

7. Han Dynasty: the richness of China's food culture period, thanks to the Han Dynasty, the Chinese and Western (Western) food culture exchanges, the introduction of pomegranate, sesame seeds, grapes, walnuts (that is, walnuts), watermelon, melons, cucumbers, spinach, carrots, fennel, celery, beans, lentils, alfalfa (mainly used for horse food), lettuce, green onions, garlic, but also imported a number of cooking methods such as deep-fried pancakes, pancakes, that is, sesame seed! The baklava is also called stove copra. King Liu An of Huainan invented tofu, so that the nutrients of beans to be digested, inexpensive, can make many kinds of dishes, in 1960, Henan Mixian found in the Han tomb of the large portrait stone on the stone carving of the tofu workshop. Vegetable oil was also invented in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Before this were used animal oil, called fat paste, animal oil with horns called fat, hornless as dogs, called paste. The fat is harder, the paste is thinner and softer, the vegetable oil has almond oil, nesi oil, hemp oil, but it is very rare, after the North and South Dynasties the varieties of vegetable oil increased, and the price is cheaper.

8. Tang and Song dynasties: the peak of food culture, overly elaborate. "Vegetarian steam sound department, reckless Chuan Tu small sample", the most representative of the burnt ends of the feast.

9. Ming and Qing dynasties: food culture is another peak, is the continuation and development of the Tang and Song food customs, while mixing with the characteristics of the Manchu and Mongolian, the dietary structure has changed a lot, the staple food: Mizutaki rice has been completely eliminated, hemp out of the ranks of the staple food to the use of extracted oil, soybean is no longer for the staple food, to become a dish, the proportion of the northern Yellow River Basin of wheat large spoke degree increase, the surface of the northern staple after the Song dynasty, the Ming dynasty and once again! Introduced on a large scale, the cultivation of potato, sweet potato and vegetables reached a high level and became the main dishes. Meat: Artificial livestock and poultry became the main source of meat. Man Han Quan Xi represents the highest level of food culture in the Qing Dynasty.