Introduction of works
Theme of the work
The influence of the work
Catalogue of works
Reflections on The Book of Insects
Brief introduction of the author
Introduction of works
Entomology is an outstanding French entomologist and writer Fabres's masterpiece. It is also an immortal work, not only a literary masterpiece, but also a scientific encyclopedia. It combines the research results and life experience of the author all his life. It treats the nature of insects with humanity, and turns the insect world into a beautiful article for human beings to acquire knowledge, interest, beauty and thoughts. Based on the principle of being faithful to the overall style and expressive features of the French original, this book gives readers in China the first taste of the true face of insects. It is a miracle that a person spends his whole life observing and studying "bugs"; It is a miracle that a person has written ten books for "bugs" in his life. And these books about "bugs" are actually reprinted and translated into more than 50 languages. Until a hundred years later, they will cause a sensation in the reading world again and again, which is a miracle among miracles. The creator of these miracles is Fabers, the author of Entomology. Fabres has "thinking from the philosopher's perspective, looking at it from the artist's perspective, feeling and writing from the writer's perspective". In this book, the author combines professional knowledge with life perception, and expresses his unique vision of life in the description of an insect, daily life habits and characteristics. Between the lines is full of the author's own respect and love for life. The publication of this book is regarded as the birth of animal psychology. The Story of Insects is not only a scientific masterpiece about insects, but also a magnificent poem that eulogizes life. Fabres is known as "scientific poet", "Homer of insects" and "Virgil of the insect world". Man is not an isolated existence. All living things on the earth, including spiders, wasps, scorpions and weevils, are in the same closely related system. Insects are also an indispensable link in the biological chain of the earth, and their lives should also be respected. Entomology is indeed a miracle. It is a life movement composed by Fabres, an outstanding representative of human beings, many ordinary people in nature, insects and a book that can never be read. At the critical moment when mankind is about to enter the new century and the earth is about to usher in the ecological era, such a miracle may provide us with more precious enlightenment.
Theme of the work
Entomology is not only full of reverence for life, but also contains some spirits. That spirit is seeking truth, that is, pursuing truth and exploring truth. This is Faber's spirit. Without this spirit, there would be no entomology, and the tree of human spirit would lack a fruit of wisdom.
The influence of the work
The Insect Story written by Fabres is famous all over the world. This masterpiece occupies a place in the history of French natural science and literature. This masterpiece expresses the wonderful and amazing spirituality of insects in struggle for existence. Fabres recorded his achievements and experiences in insect research all his life in the form of most essays, carefully observed the life of insects and the struggle of races for survival and reproduction, and guided the vast amount of evidence of natural science with humanistic spirit, making the insect world a literary form for human beings to acquire knowledge, interest, beauty and thoughts, and writing the topic of small insects into a masterpiece with multi-level significance and all-round value. Such a work is really unprecedented in the world. No entomologist has such brilliant literary expression ability, and no writer has such profound entomological attainments. The author of Entomology was praised as "the founder of animal psychology" by French and international academic circles at that time. In his later years, Fabres published the last volumes of Insect Tales, which won him many readers not only in France, but also in European countries and all over the world. Literature respectfully called him "Virgil of the insect world", and French academic and literary circles recommended Fabres as a candidate for Nobel Prize in Literature. Unfortunately, before the Nobel Committee made up its mind to award him this grand prize, the great poet who praised insects had died in his eyes.
Entomology has been translated into many languages and published. He is known as the "Insect Poet", and a large number of his works have been translated and published in China.
The Tale of Insects is a book written by Fabres. He spent his whole life observing the life of insects and their struggle for survival and reproduction, and then recorded his observations in detail and accurately. Insects has ten volumes, each volume contains several chapters, and each chapter describes the life of one or more insects in detail and profoundly: spiders, bees, mantis, scorpions and cicadas.
Catalogue of works
0 1 About the ancestral heritage
02 mysterious pond
03 glass pond
04 stone silkworm
05 dung beetles
06 cicada
07 Mei Sen bees
08 mantis
Bees, cats and red ants
10 mine bee driving roadway
1 1 firefly
12 managed worm
13 firewood sawfly
14 cotton bees and fat bees
15 homemade Spanish rhinoceros head
16 two rare grasshoppers
17 wasp
18 larval adventure
19 cricket
20 petite red striped bees
2 1 sister
22 bees that catch flies
23 kinds of parasites
Metabolic worker
25 Dendrolimus punctatus
26 Pieris rapae
Peacock moth
28 beetles looking for Fusarium oxysporum
Children who like insects
30 striped spider
3 1 tarantula
32 Crucho Spider
33 palace spider
34 spider web architecture
35 the geometry of spiders
36 Spider's Telegraph Line
37
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Reflections on The Book of Insects
After reading Insects, I was fascinated by this book. It turns out that there are so many mysteries in the insect world. I know: how cicadas shed their shells in the morning; Dung beetles belongs to me how to roll a dung ball; How ants eat aphid secretions. It is also clear that "the son of a moth" is wrong. Bees catch caterpillars not as their own sons, but to arrange food for future generations.
The first time I read Insects, it somehow attracted me. This is a popular science book describing the birth, labor, hunting and death of insects. The text is plain, fresh and natural. Humorous narration makes people laugh ... humanized bugs appear, what a strange and interesting story! Fabres's Insect Story makes me feel like a dream. Those specific and detailed words make me feel the presence of magnifying glasses, humidity, stars and insect smells from time to time, as if I were there. The figures of those insects that I neglected for too long, and their arrogant chirping, suddenly gathered together, and I held my breath. Then, with them, I penetrated the darkness inside. It was Fabres who showed me that insects are strikingly similar to us on many issues, such as life and death, labor and plunder. Entomology is not a world created by writers, it is different from novels, they are the most basic facts! It is the loneliness and hardship of Fabres's life every day and every night. It is lonely, quiet and almost isolated from the world. I looked up. At this moment, I really want to look up and treat the mystery of insects like a starry sky. It made me enter a vivid insect world for the first time.
So, I continued to read Insects.
Then look down, Insect Story is an interesting story: "Mantis is a very fierce animal, but in its early life, it will also be sacrificed by the smallest ant." Spiders weave webs. "Even with tools like compasses and rulers, no designer can draw a more standard web page." Rich stories made me think. Watching, these bugs gradually became clear. I thought: If we protect the environment and don't pollute it, will these bugs still exist? Now the environment is deteriorating, will it happen again in the future? I carefully thought about the relationship between them, and this reading, Insect Story opened a brand-new door for me.
When I continued reading Insects, I saw Fabres observing the caterpillar's progress in detail. I saw him catching wasps regardless of the danger. I saw him boldly assuming, carefully experimenting, and repeatedly scrutinizing the experimental process and data, and gradually inferring the action time and effect of the high-nose bee venom needle, the predation process of fireflies, the methods of catching flies and bees to deal with their prey, and the long-distance contact of peacock moths ... An experiment failed, and he collected data and analyzed the reasons. Rigorous experimental methods, bold questioning spirit and diligent style. This time, I felt the "scientific spirit" and its profound connotation.
Fabres, an entomologist, cared for insects with human nature, and painstakingly wrote his masterpiece Insects, leaving a treasure house of essays full of knowledge, interest, beauty and thought. His writing is lively, his tone is relaxed and humorous, and he is full of interest. In the author's pen, the willow beetle looks like a miser, wearing a short dovetail dress that seems to be "short of cloth"; Little beetle "selfless dedication for future generations, heartbreaking for children"; The little sparrow bitten by a poisonous spider will also "eat happily, and even cry like a baby if we feed it slowly". What a lovely elf! No wonder Lu Xun regarded insects as a model of "talking about insect life".
I admire Fabres's spirit of exploring nature, which makes me feel that insects are closely related to the environment, and also makes me feel the author's originality and subtle observation. Entomology has broadened my horizons, made me look at the problem from a different angle, and made me understand the problem more deeply than before. I think The Insect Story is a good book worth reading all my life. I think anyone who reads Insect Tales carefully will know more.
Brief introduction of the author
182365438+February 22nd, Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre, French entomologist, animal behaviorist and writer. Born in Provence, France, a farmer in the village of Saint Rennes. In the following years, Fables spent time with his grandparents in Malaval, not far from the village. At that time, he was attracted by lovely insects such as butterflies and slugs in the country.
1829, Fabres returned to St. Rennes to start school, but that childhood has been deeply engraved in his heart.
1833, fabrice's family came to rodez, and his father made a living by running a coffee shop.
1837, the family moved to Toulouse. Fables entered the seminary in Toulouse, but dropped out of school, went out to make a living, worked on the railway and sold lemons in the market. Later, he passed the selection examination of avignon Normal School, won a scholarship, and obtained a diploma from an institution of higher learning after three years' study. After graduation, Fables, then 19 years old, began his teaching career in Cabentra. His course was the history of natural science.
1849 was appointed as a physics teacher in ajaccio, Corsica. The beautiful natural scenery and rich species on the island ignited his enthusiasm for studying animals and plants. Le Quinn, a botanist in avignon, taught him knowledge. After that, he followed Mocan-Tang Tong to collect flowers and plants everywhere. This knowledgeable tutor laid a solid foundation for Fabres to become a naturalist and embark on the road of scientific research.
1853, fabrice returned to the French mainland, was hired by a school in avignon, and moved his family into a simple house in the Rue Saint Dominique.
1857, he published "Observation on the Habit of Ophiuchus argus", which corrected the wrong view of Leon dufour, the founder of entomology at that time, thus winning the praise of French research institute and being awarded the experimental physiology prize. During this period, Fabers also devoted himself to the study of natural dye madder or alizarin. At that time, the red color on French soldiers' trousers came from madder powder.
In 1860, Fabres obtained three patents for this kind of research. Later, at the invitation of Victor Durui, Minister of Education, fabrice was in charge of the organization and teaching of an adult night school, but its free teaching method caused some people's dissatisfaction. So he quit his job and settled in Orange with his family for more than ten years. In this decade, Fabres completed the first volume of ten volumes of Insects. During this period, he and his friends went to Wandu several times to collect plant specimens. In addition, he also got to know the British philosopher Mill, but Mill died young, which made their previous plan "Vascruz Vegetation Grand View" die. At the same time, a great misfortune befell Fabres: he had six children, among whom Jules, the only son, shared the same interests with his father and loved observing nature, and died at the age of sixteen. Since then, Fables has dedicated several plants he discovered to Jules who died young to express his memory. The study of fungi has always been one of Fables' hobbies.
1878, he wrote many wonderful academic articles on the theme of Vacruzzi's fungi. He also made a detailed study of Kuaizi and described his fragrance in detail. Gourmets claim that they can taste all the flavors described in his works from real chopsticks.
/kloc-in 0/879, fabrice bought a barren stone garden in Ang, cellini [font color=#000000] and lived there until his death. This is a barren land, but it is the favorite land of insects. In addition to living for his family, there is also his study, studio and testing ground, which can make him concentrate on quiet thinking and devote himself to various observations and experiments. It can be said that this is the world he has always dreamed of. It was here that Fabres finished the last nine volumes of Insects while observing and experimenting, while sorting out the observation notes, experimental records and scientific notes of insects in the first half of his life. Today, this former residence has become a museum, quietly located in a botanical garden with strong Provence style. [/font]
Fabers insisted on self-study all his life, and successively obtained bachelor's degree, bachelor's degree in mathematics, bachelor's degree in natural science and doctor's degree in natural science. He is proficient in Latin and Greek and loves the works of Horace, an ancient Roman writer, and Virgil, a poet. He almost taught himself painting and watercolor painting, and many of his exquisite illustrations of fungi were praised by the Nobel Prize in Literature winner and French poet Frederic mistral. In his later years, Fabres's success in insects earned him the reputation of "Homer of Insects" and "Poet of Science", and his achievements were widely recognized by the society. Although fabrice has won many scientific titles, he is still as simple, shy and humble as ever, and leads a poor life. His talent was admired by scholars at that time, including British biologist Darwin, Belgian playwright maeterlinck, Nobel Prize in Literature winner of 19 1 1, German writer Jung, French philosopher Bergson, poet Malamei, Provence writer Roumani, and so on. Because Fables' experiment was accurately recorded in Insect Tales, which revealed many secrets of insect life and habits, Darwin called Fables an "imitative observer". When he lived in Cerini, many scholars and writers visited him in succession. Fabres had received Pasteur, British philosopher Mill and other scholars in his own residence, but his correspondence with them was not frequent. Victor Durui, Minister of Education, recommended Fables to Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte, who awarded him the Medal of Honor. French politician Raymond Poincare paid tribute to him by making a detour through Cerini. Fabres's works with multiple identities are varied: as a naturalist, he left many academic works on animals and plants, including Madder: Patents and Papers, Animals in avignon, Cuckoo, Mushrooms on Olive Trees, Grape Root Aphids and so on. As a teacher, he has compiled many textbooks of chemical physics. As a poet, he wrote many poems in Provence in southern France, and was affectionately called "Gadfly Poet" by the local people. In addition, he translated the works of some Provencal poets into French. In his spare time, he also creates some ditties with his small mouth. However, among Fabres's works, Insect is the longest, the most important and the most widely known one. This work not only shows his talent and literary talent in scientific observation and research, but also conveys his humanistic spirit and incomparable love for life to readers.