High-density fish farming technology knowledge, in life, I believe that many small partners will raise fish at home, and fish can't live without water. The two are closely related, so fish farming is actually about raising water, and water can make money. Below I have compiled the high-density fish farming technology knowledge.
High-density fish culture technology knowledge 1 I. High-density fish culture technology
1, pond selection:
First, you should choose a good pond culture. Generally, water-retaining ponds are most suitable for fish farming, and water sources must be sufficient. In the dry season and rainy season, it is necessary to ensure that the pond can resist drought and flood disasters.
2. Cleaning of the pond:
When the pond is ready, it can be cleaned and disinfected. Fish can grow and live normally only if the pond environment is good. Disinfection of the pond is mainly to dig out excessive silt in the pond, remove weeds from the pond and the wall of the pond, and eliminate germs and enemies. In the process of aquaculture production, the pond can be disinfected with quicklime.
3, fish stocking:
After the preparation is finished, you can put the fish into the pond. Breeders must raise fish with excellent species, strong rest quality and suitable density, and at the same time ensure the reasonable species composition.
4. Feeding management:
The normal growth and reproduction of fish are generally inseparable from feeding management, and the focus of management work is mainly to set bait, fertilize, adjust water quality and prevent pests and diseases.
Step 5 feed:
The daily feeding amount must be based on the principle of "four observations", that is, watching seasons, weather, water color, eating and activities of fish, and "four determinations", that is, timing, positioning, qualitative and quantitative.
6, fertilization:
Fertilization is mainly based on fertilization and topdressing. Base fertilizer must be applied early and fully. Topdressing can be applied less and frequently, and topdressing should also be "looking at the sky, water and fish"
How many fish can be raised in two or three acres of fish ponds?
1, three acres of fish ponds can raise about 2000 fish. Keep water well before raising fish, and ordinary tap water cannot be directly used for fish. Water must be disinfected and dechlorinated before use. Disinfection can use related drugs or special salts, and dechlorination can be completed by exposure or standing.
2. Be sure to have enough food when raising fish. Be sure to pay attention to proper feeding, and you can eat it within 5- 10 minutes each time. The feeding frequency must be determined according to the size of the fish, and try not to feed at night or on cloudy days.
3. Keep the water clean when raising fish and change the water regularly. The frequency of changing water can be determined according to the habits of varieties. Generally, water should be changed every 7- 10 days. Don't let the water temperature and water quality change too much every time. Changing water can not only ensure the cleanliness of water quality, but also ensure the oxygen content of water.
High-density fish culture technology knowledge 2 (1) Selection technology of fish culture environmental conditions
(1) Fish ponds are divided into several types: greenhouse cement ponds, rural reservoirs, mountain ponds, deep-water lakes and river cages. These are the necessary environments for high-density fish farming.
(2) How to build a fish pond? Fish pond area10-200mu, water depth1.5-2.5m. Fish pond covers an area of 5-20mu. Rectangular fish ponds are suitable. The bottom of the pond is flat and slightly inclined to the outlet. The edge of the pond ridge should be sealed with cement to prevent the fish pond from being damaged by fish.
(3) The water inlet and outlet facilities are complete, and the irrigation and drainage capacity is preferably about ` 30% of the daily water exchange.
(4) Sufficient water (preferably long running water in rural areas), fresh water, no pollution, equipped with necessary mechanical equipment such as aerator and bait feeder.
(B) High-density fish water quality management technology
(1) Keep the water quality "fat, alive, tender and cool": fertilizer refers to all kinds of animals and plants floating in the pond; Or the color of water will change in the morning and at night, and flagellates will dominate.
Tenderness means that the water quality is fat, fat but not old, that is, high-quality algae grow in the growth period; Cool means talking about water. Except plankton and suspended organic matter, there is not much suspended matter. The clarity of water is 25-40cm, preferably mountain spring water. Therefore, water quality is a condition for high-density culture.
(2) Regular replenishment and replacement of water quality is the most extensive, economical and applicable technical method to keep the water quality of ponds clear. Under normal circumstances, water quality control, add fresh water every 7- 10 days, each time about 20 cm;
Change the water once a month, 30% each time, and the clarity of the water in the pond is kept at about 30, which provides a good ecological environment for the healthy growth of fish. If it is a pond with stagnant water and no living water, it is difficult to raise fish in high density.
(3) Feeding mode selection technology
The selection of feeding methods is also an important technology for high-density fish culture. The main fish should be prominent and properly matched with other fish. The same species of fish should be consistent, and the fish can be roughly divided into three types: upper, middle and lower. According to the combination of these three types, we can make full use of the water space of aquaculture, effectively remove the residual bait in fish ponds and adjust the water quality.
Under normal circumstances, the standard of silver carp and fish culture in fish ponds with rich water bodies should account for 60%, and the rest fish species should account for 40% (such as grass carp, bream, carp, crucian carp, etc.). ); In fish ponds with thin water bodies, grass, bream and other fish culture standards should account for 60%, and other fish species should account for 40% (such as silver carp, bighead carp and crucian carp).
(1) Carp is the main type of high-density polyculture.
One is that the stocking size is 55 ~ 100g, and carp fry account for 55% ~ 65% of the total (about 100Kg). In addition, there are grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp. The market specification of carp is about 300 grams, which belongs to super-high yield pond. The net yield per hectare can reach 7500~8250Kg, and carp accounts for 55% ~ 65%. The other is that carp fry account for 85% ~ 90% of the total (about 190Kg).
(2) Mixed culture of silver carp and tilapia.
The stocking net weight of silver carp and silver carp accounts for about 65% of the total fry (about 145Kg), and the ratio of silver carp to bighead carp is about 3 ~ 5:1. In addition, there are grass carp, carp, tilapia, herring and other polyculture. The specifications of silver carp and bighead carp on the market are all over 300 grams.
(3) Grass carp, tilapia and shad are high-density polyculture types.
The specifications of grass fry are 15g and 300g, and the net weight accounts for 35% ~ 40% of the total (about 280Kg). The stocking specifications of bighead carp are 300-300g, and the stocking specifications of herring are15-25g and 55g, and the stocking net weight accounts for 27% and 19% of the total fry respectively. Grass carp is released in two batches every year, and tilapia is released in four to six batches.
(4) Mixed culture of grass carp and silver carp.
Grass carp stocking specifications are 10g, 55g and 120 ~ 300mg, and silver carp specifications are summer flowers, 55g and 200 ~ 300mg, which account for about 45% and 30% of the total (up and down 120Kg) respectively. In addition, loach, bighead carp and tilapia are mixed.
(4) High-density fish farming adopts the technology of wheel catching and wheel releasing.
Rotation fishing is one of the important measures to obtain high yield and high density, that is, fish are fully released at one time, caught in batches and kept small.
(1) alleviates the incompatibility between polyculture density, feeding and fertilization and oxygen content in the pond.
(2) The shortcomings of insufficient stocking of fry at the initial stage of feeding and inability to make full use of water bodies were solved.
(3) Make full use of the first-year production efficiency of the pond by ensuring reasonable close planting and long-term correct use of bait.
Technical knowledge of high-density fish culture 3 Two misunderstandings of novice fish culture
First of all, polyculture
Some students like both peacock fish and small goldfish, so they happily put them in the fish tank together, but after a few days, either the peacock died or the goldfish died. Why? This is the fifth mistake that beginners often make.
Error reason: Peacock fish belongs to tropical ornamental fish, which is suitable for living in water of 24-26 degrees Celsius, while goldfish is cold-water fish, which is suitable for living in water of 16- 18 degrees Celsius. Cold and hot water fish are mixed, or the water temperature is too low to keep the state of tropical fish;
Either the water temperature is high, cold-water fish can't be raised, and there will be death in serious cases. Therefore, children's shoes must be distinguished, and cold-water fish cannot be mixed with tropical fish. Solution: Tropical fish and cold water fish are raised separately.
Error reason:
It is a common fact in the fish world that the big fish eat small fish and the small fish eat the fry. Big fish are mostly wild predators, and they are born quickly. Even if the fish are young when you buy them, they only need a short time to grow into giants. And the big fish is fierce, even if it is still small, it will attack other small fish. Solution: Identify big fish. Big fish and small fish can't be mixed together, including the larvae of big fish.
Second, the filter material cannot be chosen at will.
1, get out of the misunderstanding that regenerative filtration is more important than physical filtration.
Some friends don't pay much attention to physical filtration, but they use a lot of biochemical filtration materials, even dozens of kilograms of ceramic rings or glass rings, and some still can't achieve the best filtration effect. If the first physical filtration effect is thorough, do you still need so many biochemical filters? Of course, it is reasonable to use more biochemical filter materials in the filtration of straw cans, because the physical filtration of straw cans is often difficult to be complete, and a large number of nitrifying bacteria are needed to play a role.
2. Determination of the dosage of physical filtration and biochemical filtration media
The general principle of the dosage of physical filter media is that all impurity particles contained in the water flow entering the filter pool can be effectively separated, including the density, thickness and placement effect of the filter media, and there should be no overflow around the filter cotton block;
Otherwise, impurity particles will be lost, which will increase the burden of biochemical filtration. If you put a short and thin silk stocking on the entrance of the filter tank to cover the impurities, it is actually an effective filter, and the filter cotton becomes the second filter, and the effect will be much better. So three layers of filter cotton are basically enough.
In any case, it is a good choice to raise fish after work. The water vapor evaporated from the fish tank can also adjust the dry humidity of indoor air, which is beneficial to the environment. Therefore, if you decide to raise fish and raise it well, you will certainly get something.