Reasonable diet
Everything in the world emphasizes balance in order to develop, and the same is true for the human body. A balanced diet is an important way to maintain a healthy body and ensure health care. Do not overeat, it is best to eat small meals, and avoid excessive intake of high-fat foods, otherwise it will break the body's nutritional balance, resulting in damage to health and other adverse conditions.
Drinking properly
Why do you put "drinking" independently? First of all, in modern society socializing seems to be inseparable from the table, we here emphasize the drinking of alcohol. The negative effects of alcohol on human health are undeniable. Excessive drinking puts a heavier burden on the body's kidneys and other aspects of the body. Both vomiting and hangovers are the best proof of this. Therefore, especially for middle-aged and elderly people, drinking more water and less alcohol is the right way to health care and wellness.
Less cold drinks, the elderly spleen and stomach digestion and absorption capacity has gradually declined, summer and summer heat and humidity, affecting the spleen and stomach digestion and absorption function, such as eating cold food, drink cold drinks, will damage the spleen and stomach. Various types of cold drinks can eliminate heat, but the mucous membrane of the digestive tract will produce adverse ***, can make the gastrointestinal fluid circulation slows down, intestinal peristalsis weak, and even spasm phenomenon. Therefore, the elderly should drink less cold drinks, eat less cold food. There are digestive diseases of the elderly should pay particular attention to. In addition to the summer in addition to tiredness can drink not too strong hot tea.
Away from the smoke
One of the most taboo of human health hazards - the smoke, the same is also the most common way to vent pressure. Nowadays, whenever you feel pressure, especially men will always habitually smoke to vent. But this is not good for health. The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money from the government, and then you have to pay a lot of money.
Strengthening interpersonal relationships and maintaining a positive emotional state
Emotions play a decisive role in a person's health. It is commonly reported that patients who are optimistic are more likely to recover than those who are depressed. Similarly, maintaining a positive emotional state is important for the health of the elderly. After retirement, the circle of activities of the elderly becomes smaller and they don't need to work, which may cause them to question their self-worth and become depressed from time to time. This is a time when strengthening relationships and performing appropriate social actions is very important to maintain a good emotional state.
Proper exercise
Exercise is good for you. Exercise that isn't very strenuous is good for your health and can expose you to other people. Swimming and adaptive exercise are especially recommended. Never exercise strenuously! Appropriate is good!
Early to bed and early to rise
Sleep is the first element of health. Sleeping time should be late 21:00 - 3:00 a.m. Because this time is a day of winter, winter main hide, winter is not hidden, spring and summer is not long, that is, the 2nd day no spirit. Morning run can not be too early the sun did not come out plants will not photosynthesize, the air with harmful substances!
Drugs do not eat indiscriminately
All drugs for the treatment of disease is the treatment of the symptoms, not the root cause, because all the disease is the wrong cause produces the wrong fruit. The wrong cause is not removed, the wrong fruit will not be eradicated. The root of health is in the heart, all law is born from the heart, the heart is pure, the body is pure. So when you get sick, don't look outside, but rely on your own repair system to repair your illness. In fact, people and animals are the same, the animals are relying on their own disease, people can also.
2. General knowledge of health care for the elderly
General knowledge of health care for the elderly: the elderly are easy to fatigue and not easy to recover, the journey to have enough rest and sleep; if you feel physically exhausted, you can rest for a few days or suspend the trip. Long walking tours should always sit down and take a nap.
The elderly body temperature regulation function is poor, easy to get cold and cold, so the clothes to bring enough, so that at any time to increase or decrease. Walking sweat do not immediately undress open arms. The temperature difference between day and night in the region, before going to bed to cover a good blanket, the wind and rain at night to close the door and window.
The elderly gastrointestinal function is weakened, not easy to cause digestive disorders, so the diet should be light, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat less greasy and spicy cold food, it is best to drink less or do not drink alcohol.
The elderly have poor control of their own balance, walking instability, easy to fall, tripping, in addition to a small number of physical fitness, in general, try not to hiking, do not carry out excessive physical exertion activities.
When traveling, the elderly should pay attention to the health of the feet, such as wearing soft footwear, hot water at night, and self *** leg muscles and feet, which will enable you to feel extraordinarily light in the tour.
There are chronic diseases, especially with coronary heart disease, diabetes, asthma, hypertension and other elderly people, the Spring Festival on the way must bring good drugs, once the disease to early medication, and their own illnesses to tell their peers in order to take care of each other.
3. What is the common sense of health care for the middle-aged and elderly
Physiological characteristics of the middle-aged: According to the current stage of China's age division standards, generally 35-49 years old known as the middle-aged; according to the WHO in recent years, the age division standards of 45-59 years old for the middle age.
The age group is responsible for important social labor, work experience, social responsibility, work pressure, fast-paced, heavy family burden, tight schedule; physiological, middle-aged is not only the physiological function of the period of full bloom, but also the beginning of the aging of the excessive period, the body undergoes a huge change from the bloom of the process of stabilization, the beginning of the process of aging, reasonable nutrition is very important to them, but is easy to be neglected. Reasonable nutrition is very important to them, but it is a group that is easy to be neglected. 1. The basal metabolic rate gradually decreases by 10%-20% with age, muscle and other solid tissues decrease with age, and adipose tissue increases with age.
2. Digestive and circulatory system function decline, easy to digestive diseases, such as chronic gastritis, ulcer disease, etc., the body's ability to resist free radicals weakened, the cardiovascular wall gradually lose elasticity, easy to suffer from cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases, tumors. 3. The decline of human function, after 40 years of age, vision, hearing, feeling, sense of smell, etc. began to decline, emotional instability; women began to enter the perimenopausal period, prone to endocrine disorders, osteoporosis and other problems.
Special emphasis is placed on the decline of immune function, the incidence of cancer around the age of 50 is the peak. Nutritional needs of middle-aged people: 1. Energy: middle-aged people should have appropriate energy intake, with the age increase, should be appropriate to reduce energy intake to maintain the principle of standard body weight, overweight people should pay attention to the appropriate control of energy intake, increase activities to consume too much energy, reduce fat accumulation.
2. protein: with age, the body's utilization of protein in food gradually decreased, the middle-aged people's protein supply should be rich, high-quality, and the supply should be higher. 3. fat: middle-aged people on the fat digestion, absorption and decomposition of the ability to age with the increasingly lower, to prevent the intake of fat is necessary, especially to limit the consumption of animal fats, the amount of vegetable fats should not be too much.
4. Carbohydrates: The main source of calories for Chinese people is carbohydrates from grain, such as rice, noodles, etc. The daily staple food as long as it can meet the body's standard needs. In addition, eat more vegetables, fruits, can increase the fiber in the food both satiety and prevent cardiovascular disease, tumors, constipation and other diseases.
5. Minerals: middle-aged people are prone to a relative shortage of certain trace elements. Middle-aged people have a poor ability to absorb calcium, coupled with an increase in the amount of calcium discharged, they are prone to osteoporosis, lumbar back pain, leg pain, muscle twitching and other symptoms, so pay attention to calcium.
Zinc on the sexual function has a complementary role in excitement, should pay attention to supplement. 6. 6. Vitamins: the middle-aged people due to digestion and absorption function decline, the utilization rate of various vitamins is low, often bleeding, wounds are not easy to heal, eye, ulcers, skin wrinkles, aging and other symptoms of vitamin deficiency, and therefore there must be an adequate daily supply, if necessary, supplemental vitamin preparations.
Nutritional prevention and treatment of common diseases in elderly women: Older women have decreased estrogen levels after menopause, and are more prone to cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis than men, therefore, in a certain sense, the nutrition and diet of elderly women should be taken more seriously. I. Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a common disease associated with aging, the consequences of which are fractures, as well as pain caused by fractures, bone deformity, and in severe cases, comorbidities, and even death, which seriously jeopardize the health and quality of life of the elderly, especially older women.
Estrogen deficiency is the main cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis. After menopause, the level of estrogen in the body decreases, bone metabolism undergoes obvious changes, bone resorption and bone destruction process is far more than the process of bone formation, which results in continuous bone loss, and the proportion of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis is significantly higher than that of men.
The fastest rate of loss occurs within 10 years after menopause. Nutritional factors also have a certain impact on osteoporosis, low calcium intake will accelerate the loss of postmenopausal bone, especially women with low peak bone value are more prone to osteoporosis; insufficient intake of vitamin D can affect the intestinal calcium absorption and transit, and long-term vitamin D deficiency can cause osteochondrosis, increasing the risk of bone fracture; nutritional deficiencies or excessive protein intake, high phosphorus and high sodium diets, large amounts of alcohol, excessive coffee, etc. are all important factors for osteoporosis. The risk factors for osteoporosis are all the same.
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: 1. Increase the peak bone mass: Starting from childhood, pay attention to replenish enough calcium, and in adolescence, the intake of calcium should be more than 1000mg/d. 2. moderate physical activity: negative loads, and the risk of fracture. 2. Moderate physical activity: weight-bearing exercise is good for bone development and bone mass increase, while outdoor activities can increase the synthesis of vitamin D by receiving sunlight.
3. Avoid bad habits: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, coffee are not conducive to increase the peak bone value, and in menopause will increase bone mineral loss. 4. 4. Calcium supplementation: The recommended intake of calcium for postmenopausal women is 1000mg/d (for those who use estrogen)-1500mg/d (for those who do not use estrogen), and the source of calcium is dietary, but it is not easy to reach the above recommended amount from diet, so you can use calcium-added foods and calcium supplements.
5. Vitamin D supplementation: Pay attention to a certain amount of outdoor activities every day, and can be supplemented with vitamin D. 6. Soy isoflavones supplementation: Supplementation of soy isoflavones can reduce the loss of bone mass.
7. The use of drugs to treat osteoporosis: such as estrogen, bisphosphonates, active vitamin D, etc. can reduce the incidence of bone fracture, should be used under the guidance of a doctor. II. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease Women's postmenopausal hypertension and the incidence is higher than that of men; postmenopausal estrogen decreases so that dyslipidemia, abnormal glucose metabolism, etc., the incidence of coronary heart disease increased rapidly.
Coronary heart disease is the primary cause of death in women over 50 years of age, the rate of sudden cardiac death in women is 1/3 of that in men, and the rate of myocardial infarction death is higher than that in men. Nutritional factors related to coronary heart disease include obesity caused by excessive intake of energy and saturated fatty acids, as well as inadequate intake of vitamins and dietary fiber.
1. Control energy intake, weight control: low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets, it is recommended to use fats and oils containing oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as tea oil, olive oil, fish oil, corn oil, and cholesterol intake of no more than 300mg/d. 2. High-fiber, high-nutrient, low-salt diets: Salt intake is controlled at less than 6g/d; relatively high-vitamin, high-calcium, high-magnesium, and high-potassium Diet, eat more vegetables, fruits and potatoes.
3. Increase the intake of soy foods: soy protein interferes with intestinal cholesterol absorption, the phytoestrogenic effect of soy isoflavones, soy lecithin, plant.
4. Kneeling, about the elderly health and health care of the 15 common sense questions and answers
The elderly immunity and health care common sense Introduction: In the journey of life, into old age or retirement is a big transition, this transition will give them psychological state, physiological function, life rules, diet, interpersonal relationships, social interaction and so on, brought about by the changes, which to the psychological changes are more prominent, more important. Among them, psychological changes are more prominent and important. Loss, loneliness, anger, pessimism and other negative emotions will lead to loss of appetite, poor sleep, decreased immune function, aggravation of geriatric diseases, especially the most common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly. Now the whole society is concerned about the health of the elderly and middle-aged people. "An old man in the family is the treasure of the family". The most important health issue that a family focuses on is the health of the elderly. The elderly is the core of a family's health, and the health of the elderly is related to the happiness and peace of the family. When the elderly fall ill, it will bring inconvenience to the family. Therefore, caring for the health of the elderly is also a social topic. However, relevant experts believe that at present, the elderly health care concept is very strong, but the knowledge of health care is very lack of, easy to give some people under the banner of health care to cheat money to create an opportunity to take advantage of. Therefore, the elderly health knowledge is an important aspect of a family learning. Elderly health care want to improve their own immunity need to have scientific health care formulas and the necessary general knowledge of health care, under the correct guidance may ensure the health of the elderly. This book is based on this reasoning, from the correct understanding of the human immune system and immune function, to further enhance the understanding of the enhancement of their own immunity, to explore the elderly health care issues, I hope to help you.
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5. Daily life of the elderly common sense
Daily four "taboo"
忌 sedentary: "sedentary people hurt meat". People in old age, due to physical mobility, like to sit for a long time. Sitting is to restore fatigue, one of the necessary rest, but sedentary easy to make muscle decline and atrophy. Therefore, the elderly should walk more, diligent activities, "walk and ride" is the way to health.
Avoid standing for a long time: "long standing people hurt bones". According to relevant information: the elderly over 70 years old almost all suffer from senile osteoporosis, if long standing, muscle elasticity and toughness will be weakened, bone brittleness becomes larger, once the impact of external forces may occur fracture. In addition, standing for a long time will also make part of the nutritional disorders of the tissues and cells, so that the stagnant blood, inviting disease.
Avoid prolonged vision: "prolonged vision injures blood". In old age, long time to read, write, watch TV, not only the eye muscle, eye muscle to pay energy, energy consumption, resulting in vision loss, more importantly, long time to see will also hurt the blood consumption of gas, resulting in a variety of diseases.
Avoid lying down for a long time: "Those who lie down for a long time hurt the gas". Appropriately increase the time and frequency of rest is beneficial to the elderly. However, a sleepy or bedridden will make the body weak. Therefore, the elderly should comply with the "spring and summer early to bed and early to get up, fall late lying early to get up, winter early lying late to get up," the law, in order to maintain physical and mental health.
Diet four "degrees"
Speed: After menopause, the body's endocrine function tends to slow down, the digestive function of the stomach and intestines will also be relatively low. The first thing you need to do is to take a look at the actual product you are looking for, and then you will be able to see what you are looking for, and then you will be able to see what you are looking for.
Saturation: "To be good, seven minutes of fullness". Older people's digestive ability declined, if you eat too much, the food can not be fully digested, the bacterial fermentation will produce more gas, so that people feel abdominal discomfort.
Temperature: Eating too cold or too hot food will produce *** on the digestive tract, thus affecting the digestive function. Often eat too hot food, but also easy to increase the risk of esophageal cancer in the elderly. Moreover, the appropriate temperature can maximize the food color, aroma, taste to maintain the natural taste, *** human appetite central nervous system, so that the elderly appetite.
Hardness: the old man's food should be warm and cooked soft, avoid sticky hard cold. The elderly salivary amylase, gastric acid, gastric amylase, pancreatic lipase and amylase and other digestive juices secretion is reduced, intestinal peristalsis is weakened, poorer digestive function, rough and hard food is not easy to digest.
Emotions four "appropriate"
The appropriate service: people living in the social environment, it is inevitable to be subjected to neighborhood relations, the temptation of money, the status of the constraints of choice and constraints. But do not be for those "sword is not old", "old steed in the stable" and other praise and feel fluttering. We must know that people over 70, physiological aspects are in great decline, cardiovascular disease, degenerative diseases, etc., should not be overloaded with overwork, social activities are not too frequent.
The appropriate confusion: no matter how to treat the family or some of the social reality of the conflict, pretend to be three confused can control anger. To know, no matter what kind of situation, maintain a stable mood, happiness and anger often have section, is to maintain the body's blood pressure, endocrine and other physiological balance, prolong the life of the important conditions.
The appropriate open love: good at cultivating sentiment is an important guarantee of the old man's health. The love of literature can be at any time poetry; like opera can be improvised to sing; love of music, can *** listen, caressing, playing, pulling, chanting, singing the world's most famous songs to entertain themselves; good at calligraphy and painting, you can enjoy waving landscapes, flowers.
The appropriate concentration: China's ancient medical book "Huangdi Neijing" said, "concentration is the method of health". Middle-aged and elderly brain cells, although every day will die, but in the case of brain, every day there will be new cells born. Brain movement directly promotes brain health, coordination and control of the whole body, to achieve the purpose of health and longevity. Painter Qi Baishi belongs to the Danqing, all day waving brush, aged 95; economist Ma Yinchu, a lifetime of hard work, living to 100 years old, these are extremely strong proof.
Sleep four "prudent"
Prudent exercise: As we all know, when you sleep, the heart slows down, urine secretion is reduced, the body temperature drops slightly, the metabolic rate is also low, the function of the entire body in the state of rest and recovery. If you make a strenuous exercise before going to bed will cause heartbeat, shortness of breath, so that the whole body is in a state of tension, due to the accumulation of lactic acid and feel the pain of the waist and legs.
Drinking alcohol: Drinking alcohol in moderation can dispel wind and cold, smooth blood flow, but also to relieve fatigue, so it is good for health. But the elderly should not drink before going to bed. Many clinical experiences have shown that drinking before bedtime may trigger a stroke. Moreover, the harmful substances contained in the wine, such as methanol, lead, cyanide, miscellaneous alcohol oil, etc. will be slow because of the liver at night, and accumulated in the body, difficult to excrete out of the body, thus endangering the body has been declining.
Discreet head: In winter, some elderly people like to sleep with their heads covered in the quilt, which is also a bad habit. Adequate oxygen is an important source of vitality when the elderly sleep. If you sleep with your head covered with a quilt, breathing is impeded, the body will be hypoxic, which will lead to respiratory, cerebral and cardiovascular diseases.
Discreet prevention of disease: experience has shown that after 2 to 3 hours of sleep will be due to chest tightness, shortness of breath and wake up, sit up or stand up for a few moments to get better, which are the early manifestations of the left heart failure; lying down when you feel tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, have to cushion the high pillows in order to sleep peacefully, is the heart, the brain and lungs, serious diseases of the omen. It is worth reminding that the hardening of the arteries of the elderly, obese people and blood circulatory system has obstacles to the elderly patients, should not sleep immediately after meals to avoid the risk of stroke and other accidents.
6. middle-aged and elderly life
Middle-aged and elderly friends, daily life should pay attention to: can not eat more of those greasy, and high sugar, easy to make their own blood lipids and high blood sugar, triggering a lot of complications.
And can not blindly make up a lot of calcium, but should seek in the food, such as eating more soy products, and milk. In addition, friends with high blood pressure, you can eat more celery and other blood pressure lowering food in daily life, do not rely solely on drugs.
There can be three or five cups of green tea every week, do not drink too much, three or five cups of just to prevent and control vascular sclerosis, to prevent cardiovascular sclerosis, cerebral thrombosis and so on, drink more than easy to produce theophylline. Finally, it is necessary to sunbathe more, which is conducive to the absorption of calcium, but also to do some exercise, such as walking, tai chi and so on! May you have a healthy future.
7. Common sense for the middle-aged and elderly body beneficial life
Middle-aged and elderly health knowledge ◇health care sixteen tips 1, hair to often comb: the ancients said pectin hair bath head, can brighten the eyes to dispel the wind, so that the fallen hair is reborn, hardened and blackened.
2, the face should always wipe: the ancients said bath face wipe Shen Ting, can get rid of exogenous evil, so that the Yang rise, blood does not decline, people old and face red, wrinkles reduce. 3, the eye should always transport: the ancient name of the transport eye, can go to the cataracts outside the cataracts, correct myopia, hyperopia, old age, such as phakic eyes.
4, the ear should always play: the ancients called the sound of the sky drum, cover the ear to play pillows and so on. It can enhance the function of auditory nerve and prevent deafness and tinnitus.
5, the mouth should always gargle: Anciently known as saliva for fetal food, also known as golden syrup, is an indispensable treasure in the human body. Saliva is part of the digestive juices, anti-cancer effect, to be swallowed at any time, in order to raise the spirit was gas heart, stomach and spleen.
6, teeth should always knock: folk proverb: "early morning knocking teeth more than thirty, to the old teeth will not come off. 7, turbid to often heh: the ancients called the drum heh, can eliminate the accumulation, to go to the chest and diaphragm full of congestion, to exclude turbid gas, absorption of clear gas, increase lung capacity.
8, chest to often expand: the ancients called the expansion of gas, that often expanding the gas can protect the heart and lungs, so that the air is smooth. 9, the abdomen should always rub: the ancients said that rubbing the umbilical cord abdomen, can increase gastrointestinal movement, eliminate accumulation, smooth gas.
10, waist to often live: the ancients believe that live waist can be strong waist solid kidney. 11, the Valley Road often lift: the ancients believe that lifting the anus can enhance the Yang Qi, eliminate turbid gas.
12, limbs and joints often shake: the ancient cloud: "often shake the limbs and joints, joints tend to be flexible. 13, legs and knees often pressure: As the saying goes: "old people first old legs", often press the legs to rub the knees, often point foot Sanli, is the method of Chinese medicine to prevent old age and longevity.
14, the skin often Mo: ***, the ancients called dry bath, that this method applies to all parts of the body skin, can make the blood flow, skin smooth, Rong Run. 15, the heart of the foot often rubbed: the ancients believe that the springs for the bottom of the sea, often rubbing the springs, can solid kidneys and warm waist, so that all the sun up, turbid gas down, refreshing and brain-boosting.
16, two often forbidden speech: the ancients believe that they should be closed eyes and forbidden speech, keep God into the house, the gas can not be scattered. Research also shows that middle-aged and elderly people should be able to make their metabolic rate than the rest of the time to improve the exercise more than 6 times, in order to have good results.
To exercise more, and consistently, especially in the middle-aged and elderly, long time in the self-enclosed and relatively static state, no disease will be "static" out of the disease. "Life is movement" is always the true meaning of science.
Specifically, a person must jog or walk 25 kilometers per week. You can also choose to play tennis, swimming, fast cycling and do some heavy housework as a sports program.
As long as these sports can consume calories, more sweat, you can achieve the purpose of health and longevity. ◆ Usually work should be avoided gas taboo, always maintain a good, calm state of mind, positive, optimistic, sincere, upward.
Ancient clouds: gas can be born more disease, gas smooth can eliminate a thousand sorrows. Dietary avoid partiality, avoid overeating and binge drinking.
Daily meals should be meat and vegetables, meat and fish moderation, coarse and fine food, often eat fruit. Fruits are fresh and good, supplemented by hard-shelled dried fruits; vegetables are fresh and tender, choose non-polluting, and sunshine sufficient green vegetables.
We strive for a variety of diets and a scientific and reasonable dietary structure. The daily living, dining and entertainment should be regular, especially the chess and other relatively static recreational activities, to play a limited number of fun.
Sitting still and being overworked is a sure way to injure yourself. To maintain good health habits, daytime should be diligent hand washing, bed sheets and bedding should be washed often sunshine, clothes should be changed and washed, wash your feet before going to bed, sleep should be sufficient, every day should maintain 8 hours of sleep for the best.
◇What should be the medical checkups for middle-aged and elderly people 1. The body is too obese, will increase the burden on the heart, easy to induce the occurrence of cardiovascular disease; too thin, will make the resistance to reduce, the immune function decline, easy to infect other diseases, should be measured regularly weight.
2. Measurement of blood pressure. The high blood pressure is prone to cerebral atherosclerosis, which can lead to stroke.
3. It can detect kidney disease and diabetes in time. For hypertension and coronary heart disease patients, the urine test can find out whether there is renal arteriosclerosis, as well as chronic pyelonephritis in elderly women.
4. Electrocardiogram. Electrocardiography can detect myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia in coronary heart disease.
5. Eye fundus examination. Early detection of senile cataract, primary glaucoma.
Patients suffering from hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, check the fundus, can reflect the cerebral arteries are hardened. 6. Chest X-ray fluoroscopy.
Early detection of tuberculosis and lung cancer, especially for those who are addicted to smoking for many years, should do chest X-ray examination regularly. 7. Measurement of alpha-fetoprotein.
Early detection of liver cancer. It is especially important for patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis.
8. Fecal occult blood test. It can be used for early detection of gastric cancer, colon cancer and digestive tract diseases.
9. *** Finger test. It can detect rectal cancer, men's prostate cancer, enlarged prostate and other diseases.
10. Older women should undergo *** and gynecological examination to detect breast cancer, cervical cancer and other gynecological diseases. After 40 years of age, the body form and function gradually appeared aging phenomenon, usually considered 45 ~ 65 years old for the beginning of the old age, 65 years old and above for the old age.
Older people, in the body form and function have undergone a series of changes, mainly in: ① body composition in the metabolism of inactive part of the proportion of the increase, for example, 65 years old compared with 20 years old, body fat out of the part of the body weight of up to 10-20%; and intracellular water with the age of the growth of the decreasing trend, resulting in the decrease in the amount of intracellular fluid, and lead to the decrease in the number of cells, the organs appear! Atrophy. ② organ function decline, especially digestion and absorption, metabolic function, excretory function and circulatory function decline, if not properly adjusted, will further promote the development of the aging process.
(a) changes in the digestive function of the elderly 1. The elderly due to periodontal disease, dental caries, atrophic changes in the teeth, and tooth loss or significant wear and tear, so as to affect the chewing and digestion of food. 2. The number of taste buds on the tongue *** is reduced, so that the sense of taste and smell is reduced, so that the appetite is affected.
The average number of taste buds on each tongue *** is 248 in children, and 30-40 in the elderly over 75 years of age, most of whom have abnormal senses of taste and smell. 3. Mucosal atrophy, motor function is reduced.
Over 60 years of age, 50% of them can occur atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa, gastric mucosa thinning, muscle fiber atrophy, gastric emptying time is prolonged, the digestive tract motility is reduced, especially intestinal peristalsis weakened easily lead to dyspepsia and constipation. 4. Digestive gland atrophy, digestive fluid secretion is reduced, decreased digestive ability.
The atrophy of the oral glands reduces saliva secretion, saliva is thin, amylase content is reduced; the amount of gastric fluid and gastric acidity decreased, pepsin insufficient.
8. General knowledge of health care for the elderly
Longevity of the elderly experience: sleep ten taboos Safe summer elderly need to "six attention" How to prevent osteoporosis in the elderly Red fruits can help reduce the risk of heart disease Deafness in the elderly, tinnitus fear of heart disease How to reduce the number of heart attacks in the elderly Maintenance of sexual life to make the elderly live a long time. Pay attention to eye and vision protection The elderly are not suitable for working and living in too bright or too dark environment.
Environmental lighting brightness should be moderate, the elderly walking often pass by the place should not be stacked easy to trip items, stairs and aisles should not be too dark to prevent the elderly fall and other accidental injuries. The old man should insist on brushing his teeth every morning and evening, and rinsing his mouth after meals.
If you are in a position to do so, change your toothbrush every month. When brushing and rinsing, you can use your fingers to gently *** gums, usually chewing gum, exercise the chewing ability of the teeth.
The discovery of caries should be treated in a timely manner, and the disabled teeth and foci should be extracted as soon as possible after treatment by many parties and can not be preserved. For those who are partially missing teeth or have no teeth in their mouths, they should be fitted with dentures in a timely manner.
The dentures should be removed before going to bed, so that the oral mucosa and gums can rest. Remove the dentures should be toothpaste, tooth powder cleaning, soak in water.
After removing the dentures, but also pay special attention to carefully brush the hooks of the real teeth, do not let the food debris left behind, otherwise this is easy to caries. Oral health checkups for the elderly, should be 1~2 times a year.
Do early treatment, no disease early prevention. Delay age-related deafness First of all, pay attention to the protection of the ear canal and eardrum.
Pay attention to the quiet environment, to prevent noise on the ear for a long time ***. Secondly, we should strengthen physical exercise, quit smoking, eliminate alcoholism, be careful with ototoxic drugs, and often do ear care ***.
The ear disease is found, to go to the hospital as soon as possible to check the treatment. For people with senile deafness that affects their daily lives, they can consider using hearing aids.
Adopt the habit of regular bowel movements Constipation is the cause of many diseases in the elderly, in addition to the prevention of constipation from the diet to regulate, the key should also develop the habit of regular bowel movements, so that the metabolism of the residue of the waste excreted from the body in a timely manner. In addition, usually do more anal exercise, maintain *** sphincter muscle vitality and elasticity, to prevent hemorrhoids fistula and other diseases.
Pay attention to skin hygiene Skin hygiene should be based on the characteristics of the elderly to make corresponding changes. Bathing is the best way to clean the skin.
To wash your hair regularly. After bathing or washing the face of the elderly, you can apply some glycerin solution (one glycerin plus two parts of water) or emollient grease (cold cream, clam oil, balsam, etc.) to protect the skin and slow down the aging of the skin.
Avoid high temperature, cold and clothing on the skin ***. Skin exercise for the elderly, advocating a full-body skin self ***.