In fact, raising soft-shell turtle fry in outer ponds is not a simple matter. Below is the method of raising soft-shell turtles in ponds that I have carefully compiled for you. Let’s take a look.

Methods of raising turtles in ponds

1. When the turtle fry have just hatched, do not put the turtle fry into the pond immediately. (In order to fully stretch and recover its body and belly, you can put it in a clean sand basin and wander around for more than 3 hours, then clean it, soak it in potassium permanganate for 3 minutes, and finally put it into the pond. Remember: the water level must not be too deep)

2. After putting in the turtle fry, wait a week before starting to feed. Feed less for the first time to avoid waste. When the turtle fry eats feed, how much more? Most people will drag the feed to the bottom of the water, which will cause the feed to become moldy and deteriorate, and then cause bacteria to multiply. (You can put a few grass carp and silver carp fry in the turtle pond)

3. Breeding turtle fry mainly relies on prevention. Once your fry are sick, you will treat them. This has already caused damage. unnecessary loss. (Usually disinfected once every 15 days, using quicklime or bleaching powder to spread all over the place)

4. A more difficult disease with symptoms of pulmonary congestion (just change the pond immediately). Most people will take medication, resulting in All turtle fry will die. This disease only takes 7 days for all turtle fry to die. Techniques for breeding turtles in outer ponds

1. Clean and disinfect the ponds: Newly excavated ponds can be disinfected with conventional quicklime cleaning ponds; turtle ponds that have been raised for several years should be disinfected when they are idle in winter. Drain the pond water and allow it to freeze and expose to the sun. Clean and disinfect the pond 20-30 days before stocking. It is generally better to use quicklime to clear the pond, which can both sterilize and improve the substrate, and buffer the changes in water quality during the breeding process. About 10 days before stocking, fill the pond with water and use chlorine dioxide or strong chlorine to disinfect the water body, and appropriately apply biofertilizers and fermented organic fertilizers. It is very beneficial for the soft-shell turtles to fertilize the pond and create a new environment for the soft-shell turtles. A better hidden environment reduces mutual bites and disease occurrence.

2. Check the quality of soft-shell turtle species: It is best to choose local soft-shell turtle species or Japanese strain Chinese soft-shell turtle species for stocking in outer ponds. If the turtle species are cultivated in a greenhouse, it is best not to separate them or catch them during the whole greenhouse cultivation process, and try not to use or use less antibiotics. Such high-quality turtle species will go more smoothly when cultured in outer ponds, and will grow quickly and have high yields. , a high proportion of large-sized commercial turtles.

3. Control the stocking density and increase the stocking specifications: According to breeding experience, ecological breeding in outer ponds: it is best to intensively cultivate juvenile turtles in small ponds to a size of 30-50 grams/piece before stocking them. It is appropriate that such seedlings have strong physique and can easily adapt to changes in the external pond environment and improve the survival rate of breeding. They can reach commercial turtles by 70-80 years in the second year. If you want to raise commercial turtles in the same year, the best stocking specifications are: 250-350g/piece. The appropriate stocking density is 1.5-3.0 birds/square meter (1000-2000 birds/acre); when fish, turtles or shrimps and turtles are cultured together, the stocking quantity of turtle species is generally controlled at 300-600 birds/acre.

4. Strictly control feed quality: At present, there are many and mixed feed manufacturers and brands. For healthy soft-shell turtle breeding, high-quality feed must be fed, and full-price compound feed produced by manufacturers with excellent reputation and quality should be selected. First of all, the feed fed should be fresh and not deteriorate, the storage time after processing should not be too long, and the particle size should be appropriate. The second step is to strictly control and adjust the daily feeding amount. The daily feeding amount is mainly based on the turtle's feeding situation and changes in weather, temperature and water quality.

5. Pay attention to water quality control

(1) The water body of the turtle pond needs to be slightly alkaline, with a pH value of 7.5-8.5. It is usually best to apply quicklime once a month. , the dosage is 10-15 grams/cubic meter;

(2) The water quality should maintain a certain degree of fertility, the transparency should be controlled at 25-30 cm, and the water color should be yellow-green or brown;

(3) Water quality adjustment and bottom quality improvement. Currently, the use of beneficial microbial preparations to cultivate water quality is better and can improve the stability and self-purification ability of the water body. Generally, Baoyu'an (composite microbial preparation), Huoshuibao (Bacillus), EM bacteria, etc. can be used to reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water, and effectively decompose the underlying organic matter and other harmful substances;

( 4) The water level should be kept stable, and water should be changed mainly by adding water. Frequent water changes can easily cause stress reactions in soft-shell turtles and destroy the original ecological balance. Large drainage and irrigation should be avoided.

6. Implement polyculture of multiple species to maintain water body biodiversity. Multi-species polyculture is an effective means of biological disease prevention and a very effective prevention method. It can overcome the resistance caused by long-term and large-scale use of chemical drugs or antibiotics, avoid the side effects and environmental pollution caused by them, and promote the mutual growth of various organisms. Aquatic plants, mixed culture of fresh shrimps, snails, silver catfish, yellow catfish, flowers (fish bones), silver crucian carp and other species can be properly planted in the turtle pond to adjust the water quality and improve the substrate. The number of nests should not be too many, usually 20 -50 tail/acre.

7. Pay attention to prevention and comprehensive control. The focus of preventive work is based on the onset characteristics and daily observation of soft-shell turtles during their growth stages.

(1) Disinfect usually every 20 days or so. Disinfection drugs include quicklime, chlorine dioxide, sodium trichloroisocyanurate and other safe and environmentally friendly drugs, and disinfect alternately;

( 2) Regularly add Chinese herbal preparations such as enzyme-producing probiotics, soft-shell turtle multivitamin, fish and shrimp supplement (anti-stress response), immune polysaccharide, florfenicol and virus star to the feed to enhance the soft-shell turtle's immunity;

(3) Prevent stress reactions, especially when environmental factors such as climate and water temperature change significantly or suddenly, such as when turtles in greenhouses are transferred to outside ponds for breeding, during the plum rain and typhoon rainy seasons, and in high-temperature weather, etc., timely measures should be taken We must do a good job in disease prevention and water quality control to prevent the turtle's stress response from increasing, leading to endocrine disorders and disease. Especially when the turtles in the greenhouse are transferred to the outer pond, they should not leave the greenhouse too early, preferably from late May to early June, when the water temperature in the open-air pond is stable above 25°C, and there is good weather for more than a week in a row. , when the soft-shell turtles emerge from the greenhouse, they will eat quickly and suffer less disease. When releasing turtle species, the turtle body must be disinfected, and it is best to carry it with water.

At present, the main diseases of soft-shell turtle farming in outer ponds include: branchial adenitis, white bottom plate, red neck, saprolegnia, rotten skin, boils, perforation, white spots, white spots and other diseases. Among them, the most harmful ones are soft-shell turtle gills. Adenitis and white floor disease are both mainly caused by viruses. They have a long incubation period. Once an acute outbreak occurs after infection, it will cause widespread morbidity and death. The epidemic time is mainly from June to August, and the main harm targets are young and adult turtles. Followed by bacterial infection caused by rotten skin disease, perforation disease, etc. The control methods for these diseases are introduced below for reference.

1. Main control measures for soft-shell turtle branchial adenitis:

(1) First, use chlorine dioxide, quaternary ammonium salt iodine preparations or trichloroisonitrile uric acid to clean the water in the turtle pond. Disinfection;

(2) Feed fresh and high-quality feed, and timely add Chinese herbal medicines such as fish and shrimp Bule, Fulexing, Virus Star, and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs such as clindamycin and fosfomycin to the feed. Wait for the medicine and the course of treatment is 5-7 days.

If the condition is serious, feed another course of treatment;

(3) After the condition stabilizes, add enzyme-producing probiotics or Baoyu'an? Attractive and other microbial preparations and immune enhancers (such as fish and shrimps) to the feed Bule, licorice polysaccharide, soft-shell turtle multi-dimensional, dextran, etc.) for 10-15 days or longer to enhance the resistance of the turtle;

(4) 3-4 days after the water body is disinfected, timely Add new water and beneficial microbial preparations such as Splash Baoyu'an, Huoshuibao (Bacillus), and EM bacteria to cultivate and adjust the water quality to maintain a stable balance of algae and beneficial microbial populations in the water.

2. Comprehensive prevention and treatment of white floor disease (hemorrhagic intestinal necrosis):

(1) Pay attention to quarantine and select high-quality seedlings;

( 2) Carry out regular disinfection of water bodies;

(3) Feed high-quality feed and strictly control the amount of feed;

(4) Pay attention to prevention in daily life, and add viruses to the feed promptly after the onset of the disease Xinghe, Yuxiabule, Vb (0.2% of the feed amount) or isatis root, sophora flavescens, andrographis paniculata, Polygonum cuspidatum or isatis root, and Sanhuang powder mixture (1% of the feed amount), have a certain control effect.

3. Prevention and treatment of rotten skin disease: When the disease occurs, the skin somewhere on the body surface first becomes inflamed and swollen, and the tissue in the inflamed area gradually necroifies and turns white or yellow. Then the affected area forms an ulcer and gradually increases in size. When the muscles With bare bones. In severe cases, the bones of the neck are exposed, the limbs rot, and the claws fall off.

(1) Reasonable stocking density;

(2) Regular water disinfection;

(3) Disinfect with chlorine dioxide when the disease occurs, and at the same time, in the feed Add anthrafloxacin or florfenicol and fish and shrimp supplement;

(4) Use pure traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation "Biebingning" (Sanhua powder), decoct it with water and then sprinkle it in the whole pond. Mixed feeding can restore food intake in a short time and can effectively control the prevalence of diseases.

4. Prevention and treatment of perforation disease: In the early stage of the disease, white scabs appear on the back, plastron and skirt of the turtle, ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 cm in diameter. There is bleeding around them. After the scabs are opened, carapace perforations can be seen. , the perforation site was bleeding. The scab that has not been opened will soon fall off on its own, leaving a small hole in the original scab. The edge of the hole will be inflamed, and blood will remain after gentle pressure. In severe cases, the inner cavity wall can be seen. The prevention and treatment methods are the same as that of rotten skin disease.

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