Anhui Province is located in the east of China. The Yangtze River and Huaihe River flow through the province, dividing it into three parts with roughly the same area. Huaibei area belongs to the warm temperate zone, while Huainan area (also known as central Anhui) and Jiangnan area (also known as southern Anhui) belong to the subtropical climate. Huaibei mainly produces wheat, sweet potato (sweet potato), corn, sorghum and other miscellaneous grains, and the residents are mainly pasta. A few decades ago, floods flooded for ten years and nine years, with frequent disasters, long-term economic backwardness, poor people's lives, monotonous daily dishes and almost no food. Central Anhui includes the Jianghuai hilly area and the Yangtze River alluvial plain, where there are natural rivers and lakes such as the Yangtze River, Huaihe River and Chaohu Lake, as well as undulating hills and criss-crossing fertile fields. Rich in rice, cotton, tea, fruit and other food and cash crops, aquatic products, poultry and livestock, it is a famous land of plenty. The relatively developed land and water transportation has promoted the development of industry and commerce, and the culture has become increasingly prosperous, creating favorable conditions for the improvement of local people's diet and life. The mountainous areas in southern Anhui are mountainous and beautiful, with Xin 'anjiang, Shuiyangjiang, Huishui and other rivers, which make the mountainous areas have the benefits of forest and tea, and the foothills are suitable for agricultural cultivation. There are few people here, and there are many businessmen among the residents. In addition, mountain products need to be exported, which further promotes the development of business. Since the Tang dynasty, big businessmen have become rich, and there have been many in previous dynasties. Their luxurious and enjoyable life will inevitably bring some influence to the eating customs at that time. Due to the differences in geographical environment, there are not only different varieties of food and vegetables in several major areas of Anhui, but also people's tastes are different. According to Huaibei Plain, people like salty and spicy soup. They often use raw garlic and coriander as seasoning and color matching, and like to eat beef and mutton. In central Anhui, south of Huaihe River, people mostly use fish, chickens, ducks, geese and eggs to cook dishes because of the large output of aquatic products and livestock. Especially when cooking fresh water, poultry and pork, we should pay attention to knife work and color. Besides seasoning with salt and soy sauce, we should also appropriately season with sugar. Rural residents have a salty taste. The taste of people in Dabie Mountain area is also salty and spicy. People in central Anhui are also used to cooking meat dishes with tea, sawdust or rice husk. For example, the Yangtze River crucian carp smoked with famous teas such as Huangshan Mao Feng is fragrant and delicious. Another example is the "Wuwei Smoked Duck" with a history of more than 200 years, which is also a unique production method of smoking first and then marinating. In addition, there are traditional famous dishes that people like to eat, such as fermented bean curd, centipede fish, crystal water chestnut, guinea fowl, fried eel and stewed turtle. In rural areas, farmers like to eat cured meat, pickles and bean curd besides ordinary fresh vegetables. Pickles have more patterns. Southern Anhui is good at cooking delicious food, such as stewed turtle with ham and braised civet with sand horseshoe turtle and oxtail raccoon in snow area, which are all specialties in southern Anhui mountainous area. Other famous vegetarian dishes, such as Huangshan pigeon, steamed stone chicken, Zheng Wen bamboo shoots and steamed mushrooms, are all made from Huangshan pigeon, stone chicken, Zheng Wen bamboo shoots and mushrooms in this area. Although there are not many aquatic products in this area, cooking water is rarely unique. Such as pickled fresh mandarin fish (smelly mandarin fish), roasted herring, etc., which is different from the fish preparation method in central Anhui Province and has a unique flavor. The dishes in this area are often cooked and stewed, paying attention to the heat, thick and original. Tea is the main daily drink. This is the origin of famous teas such as Qi Hong, Tunlu, Huangshan Mao Feng and Taiping Monkey Kui. Green tea is the local people's favorite daily drink. The dietary customs in central and southern Anhui are separated by a river, and the geographical environment is quite similar: they are both hilly areas, which can grow rice on a large scale; There are mountainous areas, which can produce forest tea and miscellaneous grains; There are rivers and lakes together, producing more water. Therefore, the dietary customs of people in the two regions are generally similar. Staple food-People in central and southern Anhui mainly eat rice, and people in mountainous areas also eat some miscellaneous grains. Rice with rice fragrance produced in Huizhou area is popularized to other areas because of its soft flavor and high yield. Red glutinous rice in Xuanzhou and other places is regarded as a tonic and has become a food that urbanites compete for. Because glutinous rice is sticky, it is not used for cooking at ordinary times, but is reserved for sweet wine, making rice cakes and improving family diet. There are three meals a day. For breakfast, urban residents eat more rice porridge, supplemented by various breakfasts, such as steamed buns, fried dough sticks, steamed buns (meat buns, sugar buns and bean paste buns), cakes made of glutinous rice flour, steamed dumplings and baked sweet potatoes. Rural people eat dry rice for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, most city residents eat dry food. During the busy farming period in rural areas, they usually bring dry food to work after breakfast, and also bring some pickles and a bottle of boiled water. Don't go home for dinner at noon. The New Year's Eve dinner in the countryside is dry and thin. On summer nights, I usually eat in the farmhouse. A small table, with a few side dishes, and a family sitting around the table. On winter nights, there are charcoal burners in the fireplace in the first room. Cooking two or three kinds of vegetables in a hot pot is called "one pot cooking", and baking corn or rice noodles by the fireplace. The whole family sat around the fireplace to warm themselves and have dinner. People in cities and rural areas pay more attention to dinner.

There are many kinds of food, besides cooking with pure rice, there are potato rice, vegetable rice (chopping radish, mustard and cabbage and steaming them at the side of the pot, adding oil and salt to eat them with rice), bean rice (cooking cowpea with rice), corn flour and rice, which is called "golden wedding". If there are leftovers, you can make rice in soup and fried rice (mostly fried rice with eggs). There are rice porridge, vegetable porridge, sweet potato porridge, bean porridge, corn porridge, pumpkin porridge, glutinous rice porridge and so on. Taihu county in western Anhui is good at processing crispy rice. When the rice is ready, leave the rice crust and pour the rice soup into the pot to cook, which is called "rice crust porridge". You can also bake the crispy rice, put it in a porcelain jar and soak it in hot soup. You can also stir-fry the pot for breakfast. The heavy oil crispy rice in Anqing area is especially famous for its flavor. This crispy rice crust is crispy and delicious. Old people have bad teeth and weak digestive ability, so rural people use small pots to cook rice, and a small amount of meat crumbs and oil and salt are added to the rice, which is a special meal for the elderly. In addition, some handicraft workers in rural areas (such as blacksmiths) often stew rice with hanging pots.

In central and southern Anhui, in addition to ordinary breakfasts such as fried dough sticks and sesame cakes, there are some traditional snacks in various places, some of which are not only breakfasts, but also good places for banquets. Such as: Rescue Team, Xiaohongtou, Double Winter Meat Dumplings, Crab Yellow Soup Dumplings, Luyang Soup Dumplings, Winter Melon Dumplings, Crispy Fish Skin Crab Yellow Dumplings, Mountain Powder Dumplings, Steamed Meat Steamed Rice, Toona sinensis Dumplings, Soybean Dumplings, Soybean Snacks, Fried Dry Bread, Dried Silk, etc. In addition to the above-mentioned famous scenic spots, towns in central and northern Anhui also have crispy brands of whole pepper, steamed dumplings with duck oil, crispy silkworm chrysalis, crispy fried noodles, butterfly noodles, crab pot stickers, Shen Du baby, bean skin rice, mixed soup and fermented zongzi, Shucheng cage paste, oil piles, chicken blood paste, taro dumplings, shepherd's purse jiaozi and dumplings. The food raw materials of these snacks are mainly miscellaneous grains such as flour and glutinous rice, and the ingredients are all locally purchased. Non-staple food-dishes are generally divided into meat dishes made of fish, meat, eggs and poultry and vegetarian dishes made of vegetables and bean products. People in central Anhui generally don't eat dog meat, and there is a proverb called "Dog meat doesn't worship". People in southern Anhui like to eat snake meat, venison and wild boar. People in central and southern Anhui also like to eat pickles and make pickles. In addition, Anqing people also like to put vegetables such as cabbage, radish, cucumber and lentils in kimchi jars to make kimchi. Dried vegetables are also very popular in this area. In addition, they also like to dry peanuts, sesame seeds, red peppers and so on. Or add salt water to make various sauces, which can be eaten directly or used as seasoning. Locals also like pickled fish, meat and eggs. In rural areas, most families kill pigs in the twelfth lunar month, some eat them in the Spring Festival, and most of them are salted into ham and bacon. In spring, put the bacon on a bamboo pole, let it dry in the sun, and then hang it in the shade at home to eat slowly. In the city, most families will pickle some bacon and grass carp this season. Before and after the Dragon Boat Festival, we will also pickle some duck eggs and make some preserved eggs.

Bean products are the favorite food of people in central and southern Anhui. Products include bean curd, dried bean curd, dried sauce, stinky dried bean curd, thousand pieces, bean curd fruit, fried bubble, vegetarian chicken (wrapped in soy sauce and thousand pieces), bean curd skin, bean curd and so on. Among them, the bean curd and bean curd in Bagongshan, the quarried dry tea in Maanshan, and the dried soy sauce in Hexian and Tunxi are famous both inside and outside the province. Boiled dried silk in Wuhu and fried dried fruit in Hefei are famous snacks. In addition, bean products can be made into delicious meat dishes together with fish and meat, such as: tofu fish head, shredded whitebait, qianzi fried shredded pork (slices), roasted tofu (qianzi) and so on. It is not only a home-cooked dish, but also can entertain guests.

Daily drinks-People in this area have the habit of drinking tea. Urban residents generally use teacups to make tea, while rural people generally use teapots to make tea. There used to be two kinds of teapots in the countryside. One is a clay pot, which is placed in a hot water tank on a pot table, or in a stove to keep warm with hot water or ashes. The other is a tin pot, which is placed in a wooden "pot cover". South-central Anhui is a tea-producing area in Anhui, and many farmers have to plant several tea trees in their gardens. In addition, there is a habit of entertaining guests with various kinds of sugar water in central and southern Anhui. I also like to drink brown sugar water to relieve summer heat in summer. Wine is also basically a daily drink for the public. Drink soju brewed from glutinous rice or barley. Farmers often invite winemakers to make wine at home. Wealthy families have always used sealed sweet wine brewed with glutinous rice (also known as "wine set"). ? Dietary customs in northern Anhui

Northern Anhui refers to Suxian, Fuyang and Huaibei areas north of Huaihe River. The food customs in this area are quite different from those in central and southern Anhui, but they are similar to those along the Huaihe River, such as Bengbu and Huainan.

Staple food-Northern Anhui is an area that mainly produces wheat, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, beans and other miscellaneous grains. Therefore, people in this area take pasta and miscellaneous grains as their daily staple food, which generally changes with the seasons. During the wheat harvest, there is a saying in northern Anhui that "the drum rings and the seeds are hot". People mainly eat wheat flour products, including steamed bread, pancakes, pancakes and oil cakes. Pancakes are the favorite food of the masses, and there are many ways to make them. In the season of harvesting miscellaneous grains, eat more miscellaneous grains products. Now the daily diet structure of people in northern Anhui has changed, and rural miscellaneous grains and rice are eaten at the same time, which is a manifestation of the improvement of people's living standards. ? Meal is three meals a day. Generally speaking, in rural areas, there are two kinds of porridge, such as: red taro soup or miscellaneous batter and porridge for breakfast, dry steamed bread and bean noodle soup for lunch, and sweet potato soup for dinner. There are also two meals, dry and thin. For example, in Lixin county, they eat steamed buns or paper Baba and cakes in the morning and drink gruel (red taro porridge, noodles, noodle soup, etc. ), eat noodles or steamed bread at noon, sleep alone at night and eat nothing. In recent years, there has been a bumper agricultural harvest in northern Anhui. There is a folk saying that "harvest a lake of wheat in summer, a lake of cotton in autumn, eat refined white flour and spend sideline money." It shows the improvement of farmers' life in this area. At present, most miscellaneous grains such as sweet potatoes become feed or raw materials for brewing. - ? ? -

Vegetables-Because the daily staple foods of people in northern Anhui, such as jiaozi and vegetable boxes, are filled with fresh meat and vegetables, there is no need to use other dishes to accompany meals, that is, liquid foods such as noodles and soup, and vegetables, oil and salt can also be used to accompany meals. Coarse grains such as steamed bread, pancakes, rolls of paper, steamed bread and cakes should be cooked with salt, ginger, spiced powder, hemp smoke and other seasonings. Fry, fry, or heat to make it crispy and delicious. It can be served with hot sauce, garlic, green onions, etc. In recent years, the problem of food and clothing for the masses has been solved, and daily dishes have been improved accordingly. Many people in rural areas have planted common vegetables of four seasons in the fields, so that people have a variety of dishes on their daily tables, and they are no longer satisfied with just eating vegetables. Moreover, people in towns pay more attention to the dining table, not only vegetables, but also pork, beef, mutton and eggs. White beef, fried beef, tripe of tripe, flower of ox hoof, fried mutton, shredded mutton, mutton soup and braised mutton hoof are all traditional famous dishes with unique flavor. Some of Huaibei's famous dishes are imported from other places, which retain the local flavor and have their own characteristics after local processing. For example, Fuliji roast chicken in Su County originated from spiced boneless braised chicken in Dezhou, Shandong Province, which was changed to thirteen spices, cooked at high temperature, and then crispy with small fire. The finished meat is rotten, silky and chewy.

People in northern Anhui usually eat pasta and like to use soup. This kind of soup is often a pot of several dishes, with little seasoning and a small amount of starch, which is eaten as both a dish and a pasta. Often scooped into a bowl, bowl by bowl to drink, the masses call it "drinking soup." Even some families don't eat, just drink soup. When people meet, they often ask, "Have you had soup?" Some wealthier families also pay attention to soup, which is also a pot of stew, but it contains chicken, fungus, day lily, eggs and so on, which is of high quality.

Locals are also good at processing pickled vegetables according to different seasons. For example: salted duck eggs in front of Tomb-Sweeping Day, pickled spring vegetables in long summer, bean curd in rainy season, pickled vegetables and hot sauce after dew, pickled winter vegetables in beginning of winter, and preserved bacon (meat, fish, chicken, duck, goose, etc.). ) the solstice of winter. Some of these non-staple foods, such as Taihe's ham and bean curd, Yingshang's yuba, etc. , but also to meet the needs of domestic and foreign markets. In the vegetable season, farmers like to make all kinds of dried vegetables, and the dried vegetables made of local specialty moss are famous both inside and outside the province.

Snacks and snacks-There are many kinds of snacks, including famous snacks with fine production and unique flavor, and popular snacks with rich nutrition and relatively simple production. There are: Mengcheng Crispy Cake, Dog Steamed Bun, Shredded Chicken Roll, Heavy Oil Twist, Pan Xiang Cake, Crystal Bean Paste Cake, Small Crispy, Fingered Citron Crispy, Mung Bean Pancake, Crispy Noodle Crispy, Corn Crispy, Gaozhuang Steamed Bun, Beef Steamed Bun, Lion Head, etc. Besides the above traditional names, some daily snacks are also very popular, such as Yuanyang jiaozi, Sixi jiaozi, Begonia Flower Roll, Redmi Roll and Butterfly. These snacks are mainly flour, with beef, mutton and pork plate oil as ingredients, and their tastes are greasy.

Drinks-In the past, people in rural areas in northern Anhui drank boiled water or raw water instead of tea. Only wealthy families will entertain guests for tea. There are more people drinking tea in towns. Wine is not a daily drink, but it is a must for entertaining guests at festivals or banquets. In some places, drinking is a common practice, "no wine is enough", which is inseparable from the rich bouquet of Fuyang and Su Xian.